European Journal of Medical and Health Research
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Radiological Particularities of Apocrine Breast Carcinoma: A Case Study and Literature Review
Get PDFApocrine carcinoma is a rare form of breast carcinoma. We report the case of a 35-year-old female with a tumor over 4 cm in the major axis located in the inner median quadrant of the right breast. Mammography revealed a breast mass hosting microcalcification. Breast ultrasound highlighted three suspect masses requiring histological verification by micro biopsy; histological diagnosis favored apocrine carcinoma
Embolization for Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: A Mono-Centric Retrospective Study
Get PDFPelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a chronic condition characterized by chronic pelvic pain, often associated with pelvic varicose veins. Endovascular embolization has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option for PCS, but there is limited data on its long-term efficacy and safety. In this retrospective study, we analyze the outcomes of embolization procedures performed for PCS at our institution over a specified period. Patient selection, procedural techniques, and clinical outcomes are evaluated, with a focus on pain relief, quality of life improvements, and incidence of complications. Our findings provide valuable insights into the role of embolization in the management of PCS and contribute to the existing literature on this topic
Diagnostic Value of Capillary Density at Periungual Capillaroscopy in the Diagnosis of Connective Tissue Disease
Get PDFOur study aims to demonstrate the contribution of quantitative analysis of capillaroscopic study in the early diagnosis of connective tissue diseases. One hundred and fifteen patients were evaluated by capillaroscopy. Raynaud's phenomenon is the most frequently encountered acro-syndrome leading to the request for capillaroscopic examination. capillaroscopy reveals minor dystrophy in 83.5% of patients and major dystrophy in 60% of them. On a quantitative level, 77 patients present, among the four examined fingers, at least one finger with a capillary density <25 capillaries/3mm. For the diagnosis of connective tissue disease, this threshold is statistically significant with an odds ratio of 4.21 (95% CI = 1.47-11.99; p = 0.008). For this same diagnosis, its positive predictive value is 38%, its negative predictive value is 86%. A low capillary density, as a diagnostic test for connective tissue disease, has a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 41%. There is no significant difference between the decrease in capillary density for the diagnosis of connective tissue disease for each examined finger in terms of positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, and specificit
Prevalence of Headache Due to the Use of Methylphenidate: A Systematic Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disease that affects the functional and neurological development of individuals and is characterized by hyperactivity and impulsion, it is present in 5% of children and 2.5% of adults across the globe. Its treatment is carried out with methylphenidate which improves the clinical condition of individuals, but this medication also has adverse effects, and in this study we evaluated the headache associated with this medication. Objective: The aim of this study is to define, through an analysis of the literature, the prevalence of headache in methylphenidate users. Methods: A systematic review was conducted with searches on PUBMED and SCIELO. The terms were adapted according to the research platform used, whose combinations involved the following descriptors: ´´attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity``; ´´methylphenidate`` and ´´headache``. The study included randomized clinical trials; studies conducted in humans; studies that analyze headache as a side effect of using methylphenidate; studies carried out in the last 10 years. Results: Of the 44 articles identified, five were included for analysis, totaling 593 participants, with a male predominance. The prevalence of headache ranged from 4.3% to 19.5%, higher than the population that does not use methylphenidate, which reinforces the need to monitor, diagnose and intervene on possible negative impacts of headache caused by methylphenidate. Conclusion: The prevalence of headache resulting from the use of methylphenidate ranged from 4.3% to 19.5%. It is also said that there are few studies that associate headache and methylphenidate. The proportion in which the headache appears in patients using methylphenidate, varies according to the presentation of the drug
Introduction of Digital Microscope and Near Eye Screens with Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Regular Dental Procedures
Get PDFUsage of VR (Virtual Reality) in Dentistry is limited to patient wearing the viewer to see a video to calm oneself down while undergoing fearful dental procedures. But it was never worn by the dentist himself, to view and do the dental procedure. The main principle of the study is to increase the magnification of the restricted area of oral cavity using a digital microscope. Digital microscopes of 2 Megapixels and 5 Megapixels, were used by the authors to view dental procedures while doing through smartphone supported Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) glasses. It is important to note that using digital microscope in doing regular dental procedures viewing through AR/VR glasses were so far not reported. But we were careful in establishing the success of this new concept and are delighted to share for further advancement. At the same time, there are bottlenecks which are listed as limitations that can be further modified for success, which has to be developed by the manufacturers involved in research and manufacturing of dental equipments. Hence this article envisage the Dental Chair manufacturers should roll out every dental unit with built in maneuverable digital microscope, software and Near Eye Screen that will be a boon for the patient and the dentist
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Neonatal Jaundice in Iraqi Hospitals: A Study at the Obstetric and Pediatrics Hospital, Samawah
No full textIntroduction: Neonatal jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) is one of the most common clinical conditions globally and is the second leading cause of neonatal hospitalization worldwide. However, the epidemiology and specific risk factors of neonatal jaundice remain poorly described in Iraq, especially in the provinces. This study aimed to examine the epidemiology of neonatal jaundice and to identify maternal, neonatal, and perinatal risk factors associated with requiring phototherapy for neonatal jaundice at a major referral center in Samawah, Iraq.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of all live-born neonates who were born at or admitted to the Obstetric and Pediatrics hospital in Samawah from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 was conducted. Maternal, neonatal demographics, delivery data, and management of jaundice data were collected from hospital records. Neonates with total serum bilirubin levels meeting the criteria for phototherapy established by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) were considered to be cases of significant jaundice. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used during statistical analysis to identify independent risk factors.
Results: The overall incidence of jaundice requiring phototherapy was 682 cases (14.1%) out of 4,850 live births. of these, 530 were classified as either physiologic or breastfeeding-related jaundice (78.2% of cases), while 152 cases (21.8%) had identifiable pathologic causes of jaundice on evaluation. The following independent risk factors were found to be significantly associated with needing phototherapy for neonatal jaundice: gestational age <37 weeks (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.67-4.46), birth weight <2500 g (AOR = 2.89, 95% CI: 2.18-3.83), male gender (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.25-1.85), primiparity (AOR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.21-1.80), maternal age <20 years (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.45-2.55) and prior sibling history of jaundice (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 2.15- 4.05). of the neonates with jaundice, ABO incompatibility was noted in 8.5%. Conclusion: The prevalence of significant neonatal jaundice in this sample of neonates from Iraq is high, and there are many independent risk factors contributing to the development of neonatal jaundice in this population, including prematurity, low birth weight, male gender, being a primiparous mother, being less than 20 years of age, and a prior sibling with jaundice. The results of this study highlight the need for thorough prenatal screenings, close monitoring for jaundice following delivery, and intensified education for at-risk mothers receiving health care services in Iraq
Histochemical Evaluation of Prostate Diseases: Integrating Bacterial Infections and Cancer Subtyping
Get PDFBackground: Prostate diseases, including bacterial infections and prostate cancer, pose significant health concerns worldwide. However, limitedresearch has focused on the comprehensive characterization of bacterial infections in prostate diseases. This study aimed to address these knowledge gaps by investigating the prevalence of bacterial infections in prostate diseases as well as prostate cancer subtypes. Methods: A retrospective study using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate biopsy tissue samples from patients diagnosed with prostatediseases. Relevant clinical information was collected, and Gram staining was performed to detect the presence of Gram-negative bacteria. Southgate's mucicarmine staining was utilized to categorize prostate cancer subtypes. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Among the 50 patients included in the study, the majority (48.0%) fell within the age range of 60-69 years. Prostatic hyperplasia was the mostprevalent prostate disease (70.0%), followed by prostate cancer (28.0%). Gram-negative bacteria were identified in 56% of the FFPE. Categorization of prostate cancer subtypes using mucicarmine staining revealed that 71.4% of FFPE exhibited a positive reaction, indicating the presence of mucin. Conclusion: This study has identified bacterial infections in prostate diseases, focusing on Gram-negative bacteria, mucin positive prostate cancer subtype using mucicarmine staining were as well identified
Changes of Blood Biochemical Parameters During Immune Deficiency Prevention with an Extract of Moringa oleifera in Wistar Rats
Get PDFThe aim of this work was to determine the evolution of some biochemical parameters during a preventive immunostimulation assay of the total aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves in rats. To do this, 48 albino rats including 24 males and 24 females divided into 12 groups of weight between 107 g and 140 g were used. The different doses of the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves 200 mg/kg bw, 400 mg/kg bw, 800 mg/kg bw and 1600 mg/kg bw respectively were compared with controls subjected to distilled water and 50 mg/kg bw of levamisole for 14 days. At the end of this 14-day treatment, immunosuppression was performed by administration of 5 mg/kg bw intraperitoneally dexamethasone in all rats grouped for three days twice daily. Then a two-week observation was made to assess the behavior of some biochemical parameters after administration of dexamethasone. During the experiment five samples were taken on day 1, day 14, day 17, day 21 and day 28. These different samples allowed the determination of biochemical and nutritional parameters. These samples were used to determine urea, creatinine, transaminases (AST/ALT), PAL, LDH, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, RRC, CA, RC, IAP, triglycerides and finally nutritional parameters (albumin and total proteins)
Critical Appraisal of Exercise in Cancer Care of Patients Undergoing Frontline Chemotherapy
Get PDFBackground: Physical activity (exercise) can be adjuvant palliative for cancer patients who are on frontline therapies. This could have cost-effective and quality outcome implications on the target population.This study aimed to critically appraise the economic viability of physical activity in adjuvant cancer treatment (PACT) in a breast and colon cancer sub-population.Methodology: This was a critical appraisal of a multi-centred randomized controlled study on colon and breast cancer patients. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program economic evaluation checklist was used as a guideline for critical appraisal. The various components in the checklist were used in critical appraisal namely the study validity, the validity of the economic evaluation, comparative cost-effective analysis of the consequences in the test and control population, study results (outcomes), study usefulness, and its application to practice.Results: Exercise reduced cancer-related fatigue in colon cancer cohorts on adjuvant chemotherapy as evidenced by cost savings of Euro4321 and quality-adjusted life years improvement of 0.03 over an 18-week exercise-research oncology study. However, it was not a cost-effective intervention for the breast cancer group that lost Euro2912 with a QALY improvement of 0.01 (An incremental cost-effective ratio of 0.02 is required to certify cost-effective intervention).Conclusion: This study has addressed the importance of behavioural activity such as exercise in improving the quality of life of cancer patients on adjuvant chemotherapy. While it is a cost-effective intervention for colon cancer, it is not for breast cancer. Physical activity is a recommendable palliative care intervention in cancer management when all confounding factors are excluded. Exercise can increase cancer patients' ICER and QALY, improving their life expectancy
Clinical and Biological Profile of Metastatic Colorectal Cancers Treated at the Bejaia University Hospital Center. About a Series of 93 Patients
Get PDFIn Algeria, the incidence of colorectal cancer has risen alarmingly, ranking it as the second most common cancer. Our study focused on 93 individuals with metastatic colorectal cancer diagnosed at the CHU of Bejaia between January 2018 and April 2022. Our aim was to describe the clinical and molecular profiles of these patients, as well as associated risk factors.The results of the epidemiological study show a steady increase in the incidence of metastatic colorectal cancer, a male predominance (sex ratio of 2.7) and an average age of 63 years. Most patients had few known risk factors for colorectal cancer.Clinical symptoms were dominated by rectal discharge, abdominal pain, iron-deficiency anemia, and transit disorders. Nine patients underwent emergency surgery for intestinal obstruction.Anatomopathological study revealed a predominance of liberkühnian adenocarcinomas, mainly well-differentiated. The most frequent primary location was the left colon. Metastases were most frequently found in the liver (63% of cases).Molecular analysis revealed mutations in at least one gene involved in colorectal cancer in 62.4% of patients. The most frequent mutation was in RAS, present in 37.6% of cases