European Journal of Medical and Health Research
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Pseudoglucagonoma Syndrome/Necrolytic Migratory Erythema in a Patient with Polymedication and Dysbalance between Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Rare Presentation in a Bulgarian Patient
No full textPseudoglucagonoma syndrome is an extremely rare condition characterized by necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) in the absence of a glucagon- secreting tumor. NME has been associated with a variety of underlying conditions, including hepatocellular dysfunction, nutritional deficiencies, and etc. We report a rare case of a 69-year-old male diagnosed with pseudoglucagonoma syndrome, represented with histologically confirmed NME without evidence of glucagonoma. The condition was likely triggered by the patient’s polymedication for type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. His medical history was notable for metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, and hyperuricemia. Additional dysbalance in the fatty acid levels were noted. Following the discontinuation of the suspected culprit medications, the patient showed rapid clinical improvement. A new classification of NME is proposed, and a multifactorial pathogenesis is suggested in the context of the pseudoglucagonoma syndrome development
Acute Intestinal Obstruction due to Type Ib Ileosigmoid Knot: A Case Report and Literature Review
No full textIleosigmoid knotting (ISK) is a rare but life-threatening cause of intestinal obstruction. It results from the wrapping of the ileum around the base of a redundant sigmoid colon, leading to a closed-loop obstruction. We report a case of a 35-year-old male presenting with acute intestinal obstruction due to a type Ib ileosigmoid knot, managed surgically with a favourable outcome. Early recognition and prompt surgical intervention remain essential to prevent bowel necrosis and improve prognosis
Intestinal Obstruction on a Cecal Volvulus: A Case Study
No full textCecal volvulus is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction due to an axial twist of the caecum, ascending colon and terminal ileum around the mesenteric pedicle. It is responsible for 1 to 1.5% of all the adult’s intestinal obstructions. This condition generally occurs in the minority of patients who have incomplete peritoneal fixation during development, resulting in a mobile proximal colon. Diagnosis and treatment are often delayed due to the atypical and vague clinical presentation, causing a high risk of intestinal necrosis or perforation, and consequently, a high range of mortality. Hence the importance of rapid recognition of the CT-scan signs of cecal volvulus, as well as prompt surgical management. We present the case of a 39 year old woman admitted to emergency department for a cecal volvulus confirmed on a CT-scan. She underwent an emergency therapeutic laparotomy that confirmed the diagnosis
Short-Term Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke Presented After 24 Hours of Onset in Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College Hospital
No full textBackground: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. Early initiation of treatment plays a decisive role in determining patient outcomes. However, in many developing regions, a large proportion of patients present to hospitals beyond the recommended therapeutic window. This study aimed to evaluate and compare short-term outcomes of AIS patients presenting after 24 hours of symptom onset with those admitted within 24 hours. Methods: This prospective analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College Hospital. A total of 120 patients with confirmed acute ischemic stroke were enrolled. Patients presenting more than 24 hours after symptom onset were categorized as cases (n=60), while those presenting within 24 hours were considered controls (n=60). Demographic data, vascular risk factors, stroke severity, functional outcomes at day 7 using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Favorable functional outcomes (mRS ≤2) were observed in 13.3% of late presenters compared to 33.3% of early presenters, showing a statistically significant difference. Mortality was higher among patients presenting after 24 hours (26.7%) compared to those presenting earlier (11.7%). Multivariate analysis identified delayed presentation and age ≥60 years as independent predictors of poor prognosis. Conclusion: Delayed hospital presentation following acute ischemic stroke is associated with worse short-term functional outcomes and higher mortality. Improving public awareness, early recognition of stroke symptoms, and strengthening referral systems may help improve outcomes
Effectiveness of Anger Management Training on Aggression among Adolescents in Selected Pre-University Colleges, Bangalore
No full textAdolescence, spanning ages 10 to 19, is a crucial stage for self-identity and emotional regulation, yet exposure to stressors such as poverty, abuse, and family conflicts often leads to heightened anger and aggression. While anger is a normal emotion, its mismanagement may result in aggressive behaviors that impair academic performance and social adjustment. This study assessed the effectiveness of an anger management training program in reducing aggression among adolescents in selected P.U. colleges at Bangalore. A quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design was adopted, with 30 adolescents selected through purposive sampling. Aggression levels were measured using the Modified Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Results demonstrated a significant reduction in aggression scores in the experimental group (pre-test mean = 92.53, post- test mean = 55.33; t = 14.28, p < 0.001), unlike the control group. Family type was significantly associated with aggression (p = 0.032). The findings highlight the effectiveness of structured anger management training in promoting healthier emotional regulation among adolescents
A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Post- COVID-19 Pulmonary Complications among Recovered COVID-19 Patients at Selected Community Area in Bangalore
No full textBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has left a substantial number of survivors with persistent health issues, particularly pulmonary complications, collectively known as "long COVID". Patient knowledge regarding these long-term sequelae is crucial for early detection, appropriate self-care, and timely medical intervention. Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding post-COVID-19 pulmonary complications among recovered COVID-19 patients in a selected community area in Bangalore.
Materials and Methods: A Quantitative Descriptive Cross-Sectional Design was adopted. The study was conducted at the Sidedahalli community area in Bangalore. A sample of 40 recovered COVID-19 patients was selected using Purposive Sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire comprising 25 items. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation). Results: The mean knowledge score was 13.86 out of a maximum possible score of 25 (SD = 6.84). The overall knowledge level was found to be inadequate: 55% (n=22) of the participants demonstrated Poor Knowledge (<50% score), 35% showed Average Knowledge, and only 10% achieved Good Knowledge. Key areas of deficit included the ability to recognize persistent respiratory symptoms and the correct use of home pulse oximetry. Conclusion: A majority of recovered COVID-19 patients in the study area possess inadequate knowledge regarding post-COVID-19 pulmonary complications. These findings underscore an immediate need for targeted health education and nurse-led interventions to improve patient awareness and self-management skills
Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ipomoea batatas (Sweet Potato) Leaves on the Frontal Cortex of Diabetic Wistar Rats
Full text linkBackground: Diabetes mellitus represents a significant public health concern worldwide, with Sub-Saharan Africa—including Zambia—facing a growing burden. The condition has been associated with cognitive impairments and alterations in brain structure. Sweet potato leaves, known for their antioxidant properties, have been traditionally used in the management of various ailments, including diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of aqueous sweet potato leaf extract on the frontal cortex of diabetic Wistar rats.Materials and Methods: A total of thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were allocated into six experimental groups: normal control, sweet potato leaf extract only, diabetic + sweet potato leaf extract, diabetic + insulin, diabetic + metformin, and diabetic only. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin at a dose of 70 mg/kg body weight. Treatments commenced 72 hours after induction and continued for four weeks. The administered doses were: sweet potato leaf extract (700 mg/kg), metformin (100 mg/kg), and insulin (4 IU/kg).Results: Compared to the untreated diabetic group, animals in the diabetic + sweet potato leaf extract, diabetic + insulin, and diabetic + metformin groups showed statistically significant improvements in body weight and relative brain weight (p < 0.05). Normoglycemia was achieved by the third week in the group receiving sweet potato leaf extract, while insulin and metformin groups reached similar levels by week four. Glucose metabolism enzymes and oxidative stress biomarkers exhibited differential activity, with more favorable outcomes in the treatment groups. Histological evaluation revealed evidence of neuroprotection among treated animals. Conclusion: The results suggest that sweet potato leaf extract possesses neuroprotective effects and may serve as a potential intervention to mitigate diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction
An Observational Pilot Study of Compliance with a Naturopathic Concussion Protocol in Female Youth Volleyball Athletes and Return-to-Play Time
Full text linkPurpose: Concussions are a form of traumatic brain injury frequently observed in youth sports, with variable recovery patterns. Integrative medicine, including naturopathic care, has gained interest as a supportive approach, though limited research exists on compliance with such protocols. To evaluate compliance with a naturopathic concussion protocol and assess its relationship to return-to-play timelines among youth female volleyball athletes.Methods: This observational pilot study was conducted at the 2023 Emerald City Classic volleyball tournament. Athletes aged 14–18 diagnosed with concussion by licensed naturopathic physicians were enrolled. Participants received a naturopathic concussion protocol including supplements (e.g., vitamin D, N-acetylcysteine), lifestyle and dietary modifications, and structured return-to-play guidelines. Follow-up spanned up to six weeks. Assessment tools included Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-5, symptom severity scoring, and physical/cognitive exams.Results: Six concussions were evaluated; three athletes met inclusion criteria and were enrolled. All three were diagnosed with mild concussion and demonstrated improvement in acute symptoms after initial naturopathic care. Symptom severity scores ranged from 37 to 51 out of 132. However, none of the participants completed follow-up after the event.Conclusion: The naturopathic concussion protocol was feasible in an acute sports setting and demonstrated short-term benefit. However, loss to follow-up hindered evaluation of long-term compliance and outcomes. Future studies should incorporate improved follow-up strategies to assess sustained adherence and clinical efficacy
Phenotypic Femininity in Genetically Female Individuals Induced by Male-Associated Chromosomes
Full text linkTurner syndrome (45X) is characterised by the absence of secondary sexual characteristics, while Klinefelter syndrome (47XXY) is marked by the presence of male sexual characteristics that are feminising. Aromatase is an enzyme that requires testosterone to be produced before it can act on it and turn it into oestrogen. Oestrogen then acts on the stem cells of the female secondary sex tissues, causing them to proliferate and develop into the characteristic features
The Effect of Nigella sativa on Infections and Inflammation: A Narrative Review with Focus on Helicobacter pylori
Full text linkNigella sativa, known as black seed, is traditionally utilized in Middle Eastern and Asian medicine for millennia as a therapeutic herb. Preclinical and clinical research have shown that thymoquinone, its active ingredient, has immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. The aim of this narrative review is to highlight present knowledge on the function of Nigella sativa in treating infections, especially Helicobacter pylori, and its regulatory effects on inflammatory processes. To emphasize the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa as an adjuvant in infectious and inflammatory illnesses, the review gathers results from systematic reviews, in vitro and in vivo research, and clinical trials