Harvester open publications of NAS Ukraine
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Рецензія на книгу “Леонід Рубцов – видатний ландшафтний архітектор” О.Л. Рубцової та Н.В. Чувікіної
No full textA monograph devoted to the life and work of the outstanding landscape architect Leonid Ivanovich Rubtsov has been recently published. The book provides information about the projects developed and implemented by professor Rubtsov, as well as the main theoretical principles of landscape architecture, which were proposed by him
To the issue of optimizing cloud computing based on their cost
No full textThe paper offers an approach to the architectural settings of parallel computing on the cloud platform, which allows in semi-automatic mode to perform optimization of a parallel program with the goal function of minimum cost of computations. To solve the optimization problem, it is proposed to use linear programming and an available software solver, which with the help of the method of branches and boundaries in semi-automatic mode selects the value of the architecture parameters of the program configuration which significantly affect the cost of calculations. Therefore, the method of auto-tuning developed by the authors earlier is generalized and spread to the complex of services performed on the cloud platform. An analytical test was conducted on the model of cloud multiprocessor cluster, which presents the possibility of significantly reducing the cost of cloud computing due to the optimizations carried out.Prombles in programming 2020; 4: 14-2
Ontology-based semantic similarity to metadata analysis in the information security domain
No full textIt is becoming clear with growing complication of cybersecurity threats, that one of the most important resources to combat cyberattacks is the processing of large amounts of data in the cyber environment. In order to process a huge amount of data and to make decisions, there is a need to automate the tasks of searching, selecting and interpreting Big Data to solve operational information security problems. Big data analytics is complemented by semantic technology, can improve cybersecurity, and allows you to process and interpret large amounts of information in the cyber environment. Using of semantic modeling methods in Big Data analytics is necessary for the selection and combination of heterogeneous Big Data sources, recognition of the patterns of network attacks and other cyber threats, which must occur quickly to implement countermeasures. Therefore to analyze Big Data metadata, the authors propose pre-processing of metadata at the semantic level. As analysis tools, it is proposed to create a thesaurus of the problem based on the domain ontology, which should provide a terminological basis for the integration of ontologies of different levels. To build a thesaurus of the problem, it is proposed to use the standards of open information resources, dictionaries, encyclopedias. The development of an ontology hierarchy formalizes the relationships between data elements that will be used in future for machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms to adapt to changes in the environment, which in turn will increase the efficiency of big data analytics for the cybersecurity domain.Prombles in programming 2021; 2: 34-4
Specialized software for simulating the multiple control and modulations of human hemodynamics
No full textMost models of human hemodynamics describe only a small part of physiological mechanisms that directly or indirectly alter activities of the heart pump and vascular tones. Therefore, a very narrow range of tasks related to cardiovascular physiology can be solved using these models. To essentially widen this range, special software based on quantitative models of mechanisms providing the overall control of circulation is created. In the complex model, a multi-compartmental lumped parametric model of hemodynamics, provided under stable values of blood volume and cardiovascular parameters, forms the core model. It consists of two ventricles and 21 vascular compartments. Additional dynamic models represent mechanisms of mechanoreceptor reflexes, chemoreceptor reflexes, main effects of angiotensin-II, antidi uretic hormone, vasopressin, adrenalin, and cardiac or brain ischemia. The software has a physiologist-oriented user interface. It provides the investigator with multiple capabilities for simulating different states of each included mechanism. The interface also allows creating arbitrary combinations of the chosen mechanisms. In particular, the chosen model of these mechanisms is activated or deactivated via the user interface. The activated model modulates initial values of the core model. Special opportunities have been created for simulating different hypotheses concerning the etiology of arterial hypertension. Simulation results are presented with graphs. The user interface documents each simulation as a special file that can be saved for later independent analysis. The software, created in the frame of .NET technology, is an autonomous .EXE file for executing on PС. Software is also a good computer program to be used for educational purposes for illustrating the main physiological and certain pathological regularities to medical students.Prombles in programming 2021; 2: 42-5
A tool to measure Fortran source code metrics using syntax analysis
No full textThe rapid development of software quality measurement methods, the need in efficient and versatile reengineering automatization tools becomes increasingly bigger. This becomes even more apparent when the programming language and respective coding practices slowly develop alongside each other for a long period of time, while the legacy code base grows bigger and remains highly relevant. In this paper, a source code metrics measurement tool for Fortran program quality evaluation is developed. It is implemented as a code module for Photran integrated development environment and based on a set of syntax tree walking algorithms. The module utilizes the built-in Photran syntax analysis engine and the tree data structure which it builds from the source code. The developed tool is also compared to existing source code analysis instruments. The results show that the developed tool is most effective when used in combination with Photran’s built-in refactoring system, and that Photran’s application programming interface facilitates easy scaling of the existing infrastructure by introducing other code analysis methods.Prombles in programming 2021; 1: 26-35
Defining degree of semantic similarity using description logic tools
No full textEstablishing the semantic similarity of information is an integral part of the process of solving any information retrieval tasks, including tasks related to big data processing, discovery of semantic web services, categorization and classification of information, etc. The special functions to determine quantitative indicators of degree of semantic similarity of the information allow ranking the found information on its semantic proximity to the purpose or search request/template. Forming such measures should take into account many aspects from the meanings of the matched concepts to the specifics of the business-task in which it is done. Usually, to construct such similarity functions, semantic approaches are combined with structural ones, which provide syntactic comparison of concepts descriptions. This allows to do descriptions of the concepts more detail, and the impact of syntactic matching can be significantly reduced by using more expressive descriptive logics to represent information and by moving the focus to semantic properties. Today, DL-ontologies are the most developed tools for representing semantics, and the mechanisms of reasoning of descriptive logics (DL) provide the possibility of logical inference. Most of the estimates presented in this paper are based on basic DLs that support only the intersection constructor, but the described approaches can be applied to any DL that provides basic reasoning services.This article contains the analysis of existing approaches, models and measures based on descriptive logics. Classification of the estimation methods both on the levels of defining similarity and the matching types is proposed. The main attention is paid to establishing the similarity between concepts (conceptual level models). The task of establishing the value of similarity between instances and between concept and instance consists of finding the most specific concept for the instance / instances and evaluating the similarity between the concepts. The term of existential similarity is introduced. In this paper the examples of applying certain types of measures to evaluate the degree of semantic similarity of notions and/or knowledge based on the geometry ontology is demonstrated.Problems in programming 2021; 2: 024-03
Specific features of the use of artificial intelligence in the development of the architecture of intelligent fault-tolerant radar systems
No full textThe problem of architecture development of modern radar systems using artificial intelligence technology is considered. The main difference is the use of a neural network in the form of a set of heterogeneous neuromultimicroprocessor modules, which are rebuilt in the process of solving the problem systematically in real time by the means of the operating system. This architecture promotes the implementation of cognitive technologies that take into account the requirements for the purpose, the influence of external and internal factors. The concept of resource in general and abstract resource of reliability in particular and its role in designing a neuromultimicroprocessor with fault tolerance properties is introduced. The variation of the ratio of performance and reliability of a fault-tolerant neuromultimicroprocessor of real time with a shortage of reliability resources at the system level by means of the operating system is shown, dynamically changing the architectural appearance of the system with structural redundancy, using fault-tolerant technologies and dependable computing.Prombles in programming 2021; 2: 63-7
Algebraic modeling in international and local service logistical systems
No full textInternational and internal service logistics are advancing at a tremendous pace in our modern life, and future forecasts for this area are optimistic. For this reason, we face a task in the control, optimization and safety and security checking of complex logistical systems with many internal agents working in a changing environment. Our paper aims to show how mathematical modeling, especially behavior algebra, can provide an opportunity for predicting the behavior and stability of logistics environments and checking their safety and security properties. The main security properties of complex logistics systems of different capacities and levels are stability of operation, resistance to external threats and detection and elimination of vulnerabilities. During the development of software systems, it is advisable to use a model approach. It involves the creation of models as tools at every stage of software development for the application of verification, testing and validation methods. Algebraic models of logistics systems can be used to analyze the behavior of all agents involved and to prove their ability to fulfill their goals and the ability of the whole system to constantly exist and remain stable. As examples of practical use the application in practice of algebra of behaviors on an example of the operating closed logistic system of a farm is considered.Problems in programming 2020; 4: 88-9
Defining degree of semantic similarity using description logic tools
No full textEstablishing the semantic similarity of information is an integral part of the process of solving any information retrieval tasks, including tasks related to big data processing, discovery of semantic web services, categorization and classification of information, etc. The special functions to determine quantitative indicators of degree of semantic similarity of the information allow ranking the found information on its semantic proximity to the purpose or search request/template. Forming such measures should take into account many aspects from the meanings of the matched concepts to the specifics of the business-task in which it is done. Usually, to construct such similarity functions, semantic approaches are combined with structural ones, which provide syntactic comparison of concepts descriptions. This allows to do descriptions of the concepts more detail, and the impact of syntactic matching can be significantly reduced by using more expressive descriptive logics to represent information and by moving the focus to semantic properties. Today, DL-ontologies are the most developed tools for representing semantics, and the mechanisms of reasoning of descriptive logics (DL) provide the possibility of logical inference. Most of the estimates presented in this paper are based on basic DLs that support only the intersection constructor, but the described approaches can be applied to any DL that provides basic reasoning services.This article contains the analysis of existing approaches, models and measures based on descriptive logics. Classification of the estimation methods both on the levels of defining similarity and the matching types is proposed. The main attention is paid to establishing the similarity between concepts (conceptual level models). The task of establishing the value of similarity between instances and between concept and instance consists of finding the most specific concept for the instance / instances and evaluating the similarity between the concepts. The term of existential similarity is introduced. In this paper the examples of applying certain types of measures to evaluate the degree of semantic similarity of notions and/or knowledge based on the geometry ontology is demonstrated. Prombles in programming 2021; 3: 16-2
Вміст флавоноїдів у Cosmos sulphureus
No full textFlavonols, anthocyanins, and chalcones were determined during the flowering phase in two genotypes of Cosmos sulphureus (regular species and its cultivar ‘Cosmic Orang’) grown in the М.М. Gryshko National Botanical Garden in Kyiv. Inflorescences, leaves, stems, roots, and separated ray and disc florets were dried and crushed to prepare extracts following three different techniques. In particular, with 80 % (v/v) ethanol following Andreeva & Kalinkina (2000), 3.5 % HCl following Kriventsov (1982), and 0.1 N HCl following Udovenko (1988). The absorbance of flavonoids was measured at 390 nm wavelength for flavonols, 530 nm – for anthocyanins, and 364 nm – for chalcones. The highest content of flavonols was found in inflorescences of both genotypes (87.79 ± 1.64 and 87.99 ± 1.75 mg / 100 g of dry weight (DW), respectively). The content of anthocyanins was found to be ranked by overground organs: inflorescences > leaves > stems. In particular, the content of anthocyanins in the inflorescences of these two genotypes was 188.95 ± 5.20 and 177.14 ± 6.81 mg / 100 g DW, respectively. In the leaves, the content of anthocyanins was 61.32 ± 1.97 and 41.33 ± 2.27 mg / 100 g DW, respectively. In the stems, the content of anthocyanins was 31.63 ± 1.16 and 25.31 ± 0.95 mg / 100 g DW, respectively. In the roots, the anthocyanins were not detected. Among the flavonoids, the highest content, in general, was found for anthocyanins. Similarly, chalcones were also localized in overground organs only and mostly in the inflorescences (39.65 ± 1.25 and 37.93 ± 0.88 mg / 100 g DW, respectively). The content of chalcones in the leaves and stems was much lower than the content of the anthocyanins and flavonols; it significantly varied for two investigated genotypes. During the detailed investigation of the flavonoids content in different parts of the inflorescence, it was found that disc florets in both genotypes had fewer flavonoids than the ray florets