Harvester open publications of NAS Ukraine
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Сумісна дія імітованого кислотного дощу, силікату кальцію та γ-аміномасляної кислоти на фізіологічні процеси в рослинах пшениці та кукурудзи
No full textThe effect of calcium silicate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and their mixture on the adaptation of wheat and corn to simulated acid rain has been evaluated in the pot experiments. Acid rain was simulated by watering twice with distilled water acidified with sulfuric acid to pH = 2. Test plants were grown in a plant growth chamber under controlled conditions of temperature, illumination and relative humidity for 18 days. The physiological state of the test plants was assessed by characteristics of growth (shoot height, root length, dry weight of shoots and roots), the content of photosynthetic pigments, flavonoids, and proline in leaves. For the corn, the content of anthocyanins in shoots and roots was also evaluated. In parallel, the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil (pH, electrical conductivity, redox potential, content of soluble carbonates, and nitrates) were determined.It was established that simulated acid rain inhibited the growth and accumulation of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves of wheat and corn. The content of protective metabolites (proline, flavonoids, and anthocyanins) increased. Wheat showed greater sensitivity to the inhibiting effect of acidification compared to corn. The application of CaSiO3 was more effective than GABA in restoring pH value and HCO3- concentration in soil, while the application of GABA more effectively promoted the accumulation of NO3- anions in soil. Combining CaSiO3 with GABA was the most effective in restoring soil physical and chemical properties altered by simulated acidification and stimulating the growth and photosynthesis in the test-plants. Thus, the mixture of CaSiO3 with GABA is promising for further studies of the possibility of its application to mitigate the negative impact of acid depositions on vegetation and soil
Мікроспорогенез у бобів (Vicia faba L.), вирощених у Мерсіні, Туреччина
No full textLegumes are an alternative to animal foods due to their high protein content. Like other legumes, Vicia faba (faba bean) has high protein content. However, faba bean breeding with classical methods is challenging due to inbreeding depression, self-incompatibility, and abortive embryo formation. The inadequacy of classical breeding methods due to the problems in the fertilization biology of the plant limits the production of new varieties. Therefore, the importance of using in vitro haploidization technique in legume breeding is increasing. Anther culture is a widely preferred tissue culture technique for obtaining haploid plants. The initial and most crucial stage in anther culture is the identification of anthers containing microspores in the appropriate developmental stage. In the study, anther samples with single and triple-nucleated microspores were cultured in MS nutrient medium containing 2,4-D (0.5 mg L-1) and Kinetin (2.5 mg L-1). In the first month of culture, embryo and embryoid-like structures were obtained at the heart stage from anthers containing microspores in the mononuclear stage, while anther samples containing microspores in the trinucleated stage were observed to darken and did not develop
Recurrent neural network model for music generation
No full textThe paper considers the possibility of generating musical compositions using recurrent neural networks. Two approaches to the generation of musical works are proposed and considered, namely using the method of notes and the method of chords. The research of both methods was carried out, and their advantages and disadvantages were formulated. As a result it was decided to use the method of notes as the main one for music generation. The process of searching and processing data for learning a music neural network is describedin detail, the algorithm for converting data from MIDI format to your own text for use in a neural network is considered in detail. The learning process of the neural network was also described, and the learning speed was compared using GPUs and CPUs, as a result of which it was determined that learningtakes place faster using a graphics processor, in some cases 5.5 times. As a result of testing the operation of the neural network, it was determined that the optimal characteristics of the recurrent neural network for music generation is a network consisting of 4 LSTM layers, each with a dimension of 600 neurons. As music generation cannot be assessed by objective characteristics, a special focus group survey was conducted to assess quality. It shows that music generated by a neural network received almost the same marks as music. written by a man. It should be considered as a great result. It was also determined that it was difficult for the survey participants to correctly identify the author of a musical work, since they correctly identified the authors in only 58% of cases. The proposed solution allows to easily generate musical compositions without human intervention. Problems in programming 2022; 1: 87-9
Convolutional neural network model and software for classification of typical pests
No full textA model of a convolutional neural network, a dataset for neural network training, and a software tool for the classification of typical insect pests have been developed, which allows recognizing the class of insect pests from an image. The structure of the neural network model was optimized to improve the classification results. In addition, the user interface, authentication, and authorization, data personalization, the presence of user roles and the appropriate distribution of functionality by role, the ability to view statistics on classified insects in a certain period of time were developed. Functional testing of the developed software application on a heterogeneous set of images of insects of 20 different classes was performed.Prombles in programming 2021; 4: 95-10
Means for Quality Implementation and Assurance of Context-Aware Semantic Web Service Composition
No full textAuthor’s Method for Adaptive Semantic Web Service dynamic composition is enriched with the algorithms for both its Context dedicated OWL-S-specification consistent using over its Life Cycle and Cyclic Dependencies at the function level solving with the Formalisms proposed of Knot-service, Proxy-service and Simplification – for sustain Quality implementing of Web Service being formed. Quality assurance for stakeholders is proposed through dynamic verification, in particular meeting the specified context and liveness, with the process Calculus of Context-aware Ambients. The algorithms proposed increase correspondence of Web Service being formed with Customers’ expectations and enable its sustain context-aware tailoring for unified support of both modern organizations’ variable and distributed Business Processes and some problem field Customers’ needs.Prombles in programming 2021; 4: 03-1
Гіпоглікемічний ефект полісахаридів, виділених з пагонів Actinidia arguta
No full textDiabetes mellitus can result in hyperglycemia caused by insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance. As such, plant extracts that exert a hypoglycemic effect with limited side effects are of interest to the medical and healthcare fields. The hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharides extracted from the branches of Actinidia arguta was explored in mice in this study. Sixty male Kunming mice were subsequently randomly assigned to one of six groups. The body weight, fasting blood glucose level, serum lipids, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed weekly during the 28-day study period. Pancreatic tissue from sacrificed mice was harvested at the end of the study and dissected for analysis. Polysaccharide AABP3 prevented body weight loss and decreased the fasting blood glucose level in diabetic mice compared with control mice. It also had a beneficial effect on serum dyslipidemia and oxidative stress parameters and was comparable in its protective effect to metformin. Histopathological examination of the pancreas revealed that AABP3 could protect and ameliorate pancreatic damage that may occur in diabetes mellitus in mice. AABP3 may be considered a potential candidate for developing a functional food or natural product for treating diabetes and its complications
Use of Ontology-based knowledge Organization Sysytems for WIKI Resources
No full textThe paper considers the theoretical foundations of knowledge organization systems(KOSs) in intelligent ontology-based applications. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of different types of KOSs to organize and improve the knowledge base of semantic Wiki resources that contain heterogeneous multimedia content of large volume and have a complex structure integrated knowledge from different domains. The dialects of the OWL ontology representation language and their expressiveness for representing special cases of ontologies used in KOSs are considered. The criteria for the classification of KOSs and sphere of their usage are analyzed. Formal model of ontology for semantic Wiki resource is proposed. This model is integrated with various implementing means for different types of relations between objects in the Semantic MediaWiki environment based on templates. Problems of access and retrieval of information in these resources and methods of their solving from the KOSs point of view are considered. The software implementation of the proposed approach with the example of the portal version of the Great Ukrainian Encyclopedia (e-VUE) is realized. The urgency of the problem intensifies by the need for national information resources in martial law situation, for which the determining factors of effective information processing are both the ability to obtain satisfaction of complex information needs and the relevance of the information obtained. This increases the importance of official government portals that integrate reliable data from various fields of knowledge and prevent possible misrepresentation (both accidental and malicious) of information in resources with open content generation.Prombles in programming 2022; 1: 23-3
Флора ботаніко-географічної ділянки “Степи України” у Національному ботанічному саду імені М.М. Гришка НАН України
No full textIn 2020–2022, the complete taxonomic composition of the flora for the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine (NBG) was studied and analyzed. This plot was established at the NBG in 1949 to demonstrate the floristic diversity of the Ukrainian Steppes ex situ. According to the inventory results, 347 species and infraspecific taxa from 196 genera and 53 families of higher vascular plants were recorded in the flora of the plot. The steppic component of this plot joins 213 species and infraspecific taxa (61.38 % of the total number of inventoried taxa) belonging to the collection fund and representing the flora of the Steppes of Ukraine, 126 species and infraspecific taxa (36.31 %) of which are introduced plants and 87 species and infraspecific taxa (25.07 %) are native plants. During the inventory, spontaneously growing plants that are not a part of the collection fund were precisely studied. Among inventoried plants, native non-steppic plants are represented by 46 species and infraspecific taxa (13.26 %); alien plants – by 88 taxa (25.36 %), including ergasiophygophytes (45 taxa, 12.97 %) and xenophytes (43 taxa, 12.39 %). The plants of the collection fund predominate on the plot and form the main vegetation cover.Currently, the taxonomic composition of the plot is similar to the characteristics of regional meadow-steppes. The perennials dominate in the biomorphological structure of the plot’s flora (63.69 %), which is typical for the steppic phytocoenoses. In general, a significant number of trees is present here (5.48 %), which is explained by the forest communities surrounding the plot and, as a result, their active self-sowing. Hemicryptophytes prevail in the plot’s flora (60.52 %). Nevertheless, the collection fund of the plot is distinguished by the absence of trees, a greater number of perennials (79.34 %), and hemicryptophytes (72.77 %). The steppic (33.33 %) and marginal (33.33 %) plants prevail in the collection fund, while the amount of meadow plants (18.78 %) is still significant. In the plot “Steppes of Ukraine”, most of the rare introduced plants formed stable homeostatic introduction coenopopulations. Among them, 15 species and rare infraspecific taxa are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine
Вплив строків посіву на врожайність стручків та деякі агротехнічні та якісні характеристики арахісу сотру ‘Halisbey’ типу ‘Virginia’ у середземноморському середовищі
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of different sowing dates on pod yield and some agronomic characteristics of the ‘Virginia’-type peanut cultivar ‘Halisbey’, and to determine the optimal sowing date in the Mediterranean region. This study was conducted in 2018 and 2019 at the Experimental Research Farm of Agricultural Faculty, Cukurova University in Adana, Turkey. The seeds were sown on seven dates: March 28, April 8, April 18, April 28, May 8, May 18 and May 28 each year. The experiment included a randomized complete block design with three replications. The plants were harvested 160 days after sowing, starting on September 8 every year. Pod number and pod weight per plant, 100 seeds weight, shelling percentage, oil and protein content, pod and kernel yield per hectare were investigated. As a result, pod number and weight per plant, 100 seeds weight, shelling percentage, pods and kernel yield values were found to be the highest at the experimental variant with May 8 sowing date. While the oil content decreased by delaying the sowing date, the protein content was increased. According to a two-year average, the highest pod yield (8136 kg ha-1) and kernel yield (5711 kg ha-1) were also obtained at the experimental variant with May 8 sowing date
Спонтанна флора урочища Феофанія (Київ, Україна)
No full textThe species composition, systematics, and ecological-coenotic features of the flora of the local landscape Feofaniya have been analyzed. In total, 650 species of vascular plants have been identified in this area, representing 337 genera and 94 families. It was found that the natural component of the flora represents 48.8 %, and synanthropic component represents 51.2 %. The aboriginal fraction includes 469 species from 252 genera and 77 families. Adventive flora is represented by 181 species from 131 genera and 51 families. The flora of the local landscape Feofaniya tends to the flora of broad-leaved forests, but due to synanthropization it has closer ties with the Ancient Mediterranean flora. It is characterized by prevailing of herbaceous plants (555 species or 85.3 %), hemicryptophytes (394 species or 60.6 %), plants with a tap root system (318 species or 48.9 %), with non-rosellate aboveground shoots (430 species or 66.1 %), with summer-green vegetation (621 species or 95.5%), and non-rhizomatous (206 species or 31.7%) type of underground shoots. Based on the analysis of the naturalization of alien plant species in the studied flora, the predominance of kenophytes (111 species) and epecophytes (90 species) was established. Such predominance is associated with significant recreational-touristic and other anthropogenic loads