Academy of Education and Social Sciences Review
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Exploring the Perceptions of Private Sector Nursing Educators on Long-Term Retention in a Single Institution: A Qualitative Phenomenological Inquiry
Full text linkThis study aims to explore nurse educators\u27 perceptions of their long-term commitment to teaching and the factors influencing their retention within a private nursing institution. Turnover among nurse educators has become a pressing concern globally, as it threatens the quality of nursing education, the stability of academic programs, and the future preparation of competent nurses. This issue is particularly critical in private institutions, where challenges in retaining experienced faculty are more pronounced. A qualitative research design was deployed. Eight nurse educators participated in two-hour, in-depth semi-structured interviews, which allowed for rich data collection. The data were analysed using thematic analysis, a method to capture participants\u27 nuanced experiences and insights. The findings highlighted five central influences on retention: maintaining work–life balance, receiving effective leadership support, overall job satisfaction, cultural alignment within the institution, and opportunities for professional and career growth. These themes reflected the complex interplay of personal, organisational, and professional factors that shape educators\u27 intentions to remain in or leave their positions. Based on these findings, the study recommends that institutions adopt sustainable retention strategies, including supportive leadership practices, flexible work arrangements, and transparent pathways for professional development to ensure workforce stability
Discursive Constructions in Macbeth: A Systemic-Functional Contribution to English Language Teaching
Full text linkLiterary texts invite close attention to how language constructs meaning and guides interpretation. This study explores the representation of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in Shakespeare’s Macbeth through the framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics, with particular focus on the Attitude subsystem of Appraisal Theory. By analysing selected passages from Acts I and V, the research traces how evaluative language shapes the characters’ portrayal at decisive points in the play. The analysis reveals that Macbeth’s progression from admired warrior to tyrant, and Lady Macbeth’s shift from resolute instigator to guilt-ridden figure, are realised through distinct evaluative choices. These findings highlight the value of literature as a resource for English language teaching, not merely as cultural content but as a site of linguistic meaning-making. Approaching literary discourse in this way supports the integration of literary and linguistic literacy, enabling learners to develop both critical interpretive skills and greater sensitivity to language in use
Sleep Quality and Work Engagement as Serial Mediators in the Path Between Social Networking Addiction and Work Performance among Working Adults
Full text linkThis study explored how social networking addiction correlates with work performance in working adults, using both sleep quality and work engagement as the mediators in that order. The Sample comprised working adults from 4 different work settings (hospital staff, teaching staff, industry, and marketing), which included males and females. For the assessment purpose, the Social Networking Addiction Scale, the Individual Job Performance scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and the Sleep Condition Indicator were used. Findings revealed that social networking addiction is linked to sleep quality and work performance; however, the serial mediation effect as proposed was not shown. The differences proved to be statistically significant in various organisational situations, implying that the workplace milieus moderate these associations. Overall, the research provides valuable information about how social networking practices affect occupational performance and the need to be cautious in the application of social media in the work environment
Implementation of Social-Emotional Learning in Public Sector Schools in Sindh: Investigating Educators’ Beliefs
Full text linkSocial-Emotional Learning (SEL) is a systematic approach through which individuals, particularly pupils, develop and apply the understanding, abilities, and attitudes necessary for creating healthy identities. Both adults and students can benefit from SEL as it helps empower them and reduce inequalities. According to research, teachers are vital for developing social and emotional competencies in students. Through semi-structured interviews with government school teachers in the districts of Shaheed Benazirabad and Matiari in Sindh province, this qualitative study seeks to explore how instructors in public sector schools perceive and comprehend SEL and how it is implemented in their classrooms. The findings reveal that while the teachers demonstrated adequate awareness of SEL, they significantly lacked its deeper understanding (SEL facets outlined in the CASEL framework). The participants cited several barriers, including the socio-cultural factors and institutional barriers, all contributing towards the lack of implementation of SEL. They further highlighted the inefficient role of the government in aiding teachers to implement SEL for students. The study contributes to understanding how teachers perceive SEL and underscores the need for the Government of Sindh to implement interventions that foster SEL into educational practices for the holistic development of students in schools
Parenting Concerns for Children of Generation Beta: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkGeneration Beta is the emerging generation born between 2025 and 2039, of older Millennials and early Generation Z. With the advancement of AI and technology, the latest generation is experiencing excessive screen time and limited parent-child bonding, which might pose serious implications on child development and attachment outcomes. This study explores the perception of parenting pertinent to the upbringing and development of Generation Beta. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted using a tailor-made structured questionnaire, with support from generative AI and grey literature, to explore parents\u27 perceptions by recruiting 157 individuals using convenience sampling. The data were analysed using descriptive-inferential statistics in SPSS to examine parental insights on rising concerns in Pakistan. Descriptive statistics were calculated, including frequencies (N) and percentages, along with inferential statistics where p-values were obtained using the Chi-Square test. The results revealed that technology will bring advancement and opportunities for Generation Beta; on the other hand, parents were concerned with more screen time, minimal parent-child bonding, limited outdoor play, parenting strategies in the future upbringing, and challenges faced by the children. Therefore, the study contributes to rising parents\u27 concerns for Generation Beta and the requirement of parental education programs and strategies for their children. It also offers a foundation for future researchers to work towards it
Spirituality, Subjective Well-Being and Hope: Exploring the Interconnectedness in Adults
Full text linkThis study investigates the relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being among adults with a particular focus on the mediating role of hope. This research addresses the gap in literature by exploring the role of spirituality and hope in enhancing well-being in Pakistan, where mental health challenges are prevalent and formal support is limited. These factors are key psychological resources fostering emotional resilience and life satisfaction. The study employs a correlational design and collects data from 401 adults in Karachi and Lahore aged 18 to 60 using validated instruments, including the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale Satisfaction with Life Scale Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and Herth Hope Index. The findings reveal that spirituality significantly reduces negative affect and enhances life satisfaction primarily through the mediating effect of hope. These results suggest that spirituality serves as a protective factor against psychological distress, emphasizing its potential integration into mental health interventions. In resource-limited environments like Pakistan, where conventional psychological services are scarce, incorporating spiritual and hope-based strategies into mental health frameworks could foster well-being and emotional stability. This study highlights the need for culturally sensitive approaches that integrate spirituality as an important component of psychological health
Influence of Positive Masculinity on Perception of Femininity in the Public Sphere in Pakistan
Full text linkThe study explored the relationship between a non-traditional concept of masculinity and the perception of femininity in the public sphere. The non-traditional concept of masculinity refers to positive masculinity in the literature. Male participants aged 18 years and above with a minimum of 12 years of education were selected to execute this research. We employed a quantitative research design to perform the research. Data collected through a structured questionnaire comprising statements endorsing positive masculine behaviours and the perception of women in the public sphere. These scales assess masculinity and men’s perception regarding women’s presence in the public sphere. Bivariate correlation analyses of the collected data showed a highly significant positive correlation between positive masculine behaviours and the overall perception of women’s presence in the public sphere. Altogether, it is concluded that promoting positive masculinity can lead to a more positive environment for women to navigate in the public sphere and bring inclusivity in the public sphere
Exploring Science and Maths Teachers’ Perceptions of STEM Education in Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan
Full text linkThis qualitative case study explores the perceptions of secondary school science and mathematics teachers regarding STEM education in the context of Hunza. Data was collected from 10 teachers via a multi-method approach, including semi-structured interviews, personal meaning mapping, photo elicitation, and document analysis of lesson plans. Thematic analysis of the data revealed three overarching themes. First, teachers hold multiple, nuanced definitions of STEM education, primarily conceptualising it as integrated learning, technology-based instruction, a student-centred pedagogical approach, and, in one instance, specifically as robotics. Second, teachers perceived significant multifaceted benefits for students, including heightened motivation and active engagement, the development of robust problem-solving and critical thinking skills, early awareness of STEM career pathways, and a marked increase in student confidence. Third, teachers faced substantial systemic and operational challenges in implementation, such as profound difficulties in forming integrated STEM instruction due to a lack of cross-disciplinary content knowledge, lack of specialised in-service training, overwhelming time constraints within a rigid curriculum, and a pervasive lack of administrative and resource support. The study finds a significant gap between acknowledging STEM\u27s importance and effectively implementing it. Thus, it recommends a comprehensive strategy that includes creating a clear, localised definition of STEM through collaboration, providing ongoing teacher training, reforming the curriculum for flexibility, and increasing administrative support and funding
Inner Reflections: Exploring the Effect of Contemplative Art on Students\u27 Self-Awareness
Full text linkThis study explores the experiences and perceptions of university students to establish a connection between Contemplative Art (CA) and self-awareness. It also explores strategies for integrating CA across various academic disciplines. Using semi-structured interviews with 12 Fine Arts students from public sector universities in Punjab, Pakistan, the research identified key themes that underscore a strong relationship between CA and the development of self-awareness among higher education students. The primary emerging themes include increased self-confidence, spiritual awakening, and enhanced emotional expression. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of departmental collaboration and teacher training as effective strategies for integrating CA into other disciplines, thereby promoting interdisciplinarity. By disseminating these findings, this research aims to stimulate discourse on the role of CA in educational settings, contributing to the broader discourse on holistic and contemplative education. The insights from this study have the potential to enrich existing literature, encourage faculty to incorporate CA in their pedagogical practices and inspire future research into this essential area of education
Impact of Problems Faced by University Students on the Implementation of Hybrid Model in Karachi, Pakistan
Full text linkEducation was shifted to online mode during COVID-19 due to the long closure, which created a lot of problems. This research aims to determine the problems faced by the Higher Education students and how those problems affected the implementation of the Hybrid model. It is quantitative research, having a questionnaire as a research instrument. The targeted population was the students of the higher educational institutes. The sample was collected from the students studying in the Social Science faculty of one of the Government Universities of Karachi, Pakistan. A sample of 80 students was collected through a convenient and simple random sampling method. The data was analysed through a statistical package. The dependent variable of the study is the effective Implementation of the Hybrid model, and the independent variables are the interaction of students with technology and teachers, academic workload, students’ attitudes and beliefs, and training of students. The results revealed a positive relationship of all the variables with the implementation of the hybrid Model at Higher Educational institutes except that of the Academic workload of students, which has a negative impact. It was concluded that the effective implementation of the hybrid model will be possible by eliminating these problems