Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Gonad Maturity and Growth of Abalone Shells (Haliotis asinina) Maintained in a Compartment System at Different Depths
No full textThe current production of abalone shells (Haliotis asinina) is mostly from natural catches, which may lead to overexploitation. Adequate seed supply, skilled labor and long maintenance time are the constraints of abalone aquaculture in Indonesia. The compartment system, which utilizes the bundled area of floating net cage suspended at different depths, can increase the production capacity of abalone without increasing the horizontal area of the culture area, so this method is effectively used in abalone culture. This study aims to determine the best depth for the growth and maturation of abalone gonads. This research was conducted from October to December 2024 in Ekas Bay, Ekas Village, Jerowaru District, East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. West Nusa Tenggara. The method used is an experimental method with a complete randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 depth treatments, namely 0 m, 2 m, 4 m, and 6 m, each repeated 4 times. The results showed that the depth treatment gave a significantly different effect (p<0.05) on absolute weight growth and specific growth rate, where the treatment depth of 4 m (P3) was significantly different or higher than the other treatments. Depth treatment did not significantly differ (p<0.05) on absolute length growth and survival rate of abalone shells. The level of gonad maturity of abalone shells reaching level II at each depth was different. Water quality during the study was: temperature 30-320C, pH 7-8, salinity 35-37 ppt, disloved oxygen 8-9 mg/l, and brightness 4-7 m. These values are still within the optimum range of abalone life
Incorporation of Fermented Cassava Leaf Flour into Commercial Feed to Enhance the Growth of Tilapia Fry (Oreochromis niloticus)
No full textThe success of cultivation is influenced by several factors, one of which is feed. This research was conducted to enhance the quality of feed and evaluate the benefits of incorporating fermented cassava leaf flour into feed on the growth and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Data analysis involved analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan\u27s test. Three treatment levels and a control were applied in the research. A: Incorporating 15% fermented cassava leaf flour, B: Incorporating 25% fermented cassava leaf flour, C: Incorporating 35% fermented cassava leaf flour, D: Using 100% commercial feed. The study indicated that the inclusion of fermented cassava leaf flour in the feed significantly affected absolute weight growth (p<0.05). The optimal treatment was observed with the incorporation of 15% fermented cassava leaf flour in treatment A, where the average weight of tilapia seeds reached 3.49 g. The highest absolute length growth was recorded at the optimal treatment dose in treatment A, with a value of 2.05 cm in comparison to the other treatments. The survival rate results demonstrated that the highest value of 83% was achieved with the best treatment of 15% fermented cassava leaf flour. The water quality in the rearing media remains within the appropriate range for tilapia cultivation
Growth, Mortality, and Yield per Recruit of Synodontis schall (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) in Roseries Reservoir, Sudan
No full textThis study assessed the population bio-parameters of shield-head catfish Synodontis schall (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) in the Roseries Reservoir (Sudan), using length-frequency data analyzed with FiSAT software. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were determined as an asymptotic length (L∞) of 50.4 cm, and a growth curvature (K) of 0.17 yr.⁻¹. Mortality rates were calculated with total mortality (Z) at 0.63 yr.⁻¹, natural mortality (M) at 0.46 yr.⁻¹, and fishing mortality (F) at 0.17 yr.⁻¹, resulting in an exploitation rate (E) of 0.28 yr.⁻¹. The species exhibited continuous recruitment, with a maximum exploitation rate (Emax) of 0.409. Results indicate low fishing pressure on S. schall in the reservoir, which is a relatively low level of productivity. The relationship between total length and body weight also revealed a negative allometric growth pattern (b = 2.193) with a moderate correlation (r = 0.764)
Comparison of Growth and Survival of Brown Mussel (Mytilopsis adamsi) Cultured in Estuarine and Marine Waters
No full textThe brown mussel (Mytilopsis adamsi) is a small bivalve mollusk that typically reaches a maximum length of 1.5 cm. It is a filter feeder, consuming zooplankton, phytoplankton, and suspended organic matter. Originally distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific region, this species is now found in several countries, including Malaysia, Taiwan, and Australia. In Indonesia, brown mussels have recently begun to be cultivated, primarily as a natural feed source for economically valuable crustaceans such as crabs and lobsters. This study aimed to determine the differences in the growth and survival of brown mussels (M. adamsi) in the estuary and marine environments. The importance of this study was in determining the optimal location for cultivating brown mussels (M. adamsi). The experiment consisted of 2 treatments (estuarine and marine), with 10 replicates per treatment, resulting in a total of twenty experimental units, using 50 brown mussels (Mytilopsis adamsi) per replication. Data that followed a normal distribution were analyzed using an independent samples t-test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The data did not meet the assumption of normality, the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test was used as an alternative statistical method. The culture experiment was conducted for 90 days in two locations: an estuarine zone in Bagek Kembar Village and a marine zone in Cendi Manik Village, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The results showed that absolute, relative, and specific length, as well as the survival rate of brown mussels, were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the estuarine zone compared to the marine zone. The estuary zone\u27s absolute, relative, and length-specific growth were 19.70 mm, 608%, and 2.35%, respectively, and the survival rate was 70%. Meanwhile, the absolute, relative, and length-specific growth in the marine zone were 13.12 mm, 471%, and 1.95%, respectively, and the survival rate was 57%. The average length of mussels in the estuary and marine environment reached 22 mm and 15 mm, respectively. The final weight of the mussels in the estuary was 1.10 g, while in the sea was 0.48 g. The weight of the mussel meat cultured in the estuary zone was around 0.71 grams per mussel, which was higher than mussel meat cultured in the seawater, which was around 0.19 grams per mussel. The total organic matter in the estuary and the marine zone was 70-110 mg/L and 35-65 mg/L, respectively. This study demonstrates that the estuarine environment provides significantly more favorable conditions for the growth and survival of brown mussels (Mytilopsis adamsi) compared to the marine environment. Estuarine waters, formed at the confluence of seawater and freshwater, create nutrient-rich ecosystems with abundant natural food sources that promote faster mussel growth. In contrast, marine waters are characterized by higher salinity and limited nutrient availability, which may constrain the growth performance of M. adamsi
Evaluation of Pattern of Antibiotics Utilization among Fish Farmers and Detection of Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline and Ceftriaxone Residue in Fish Samples in Lagos, Nigeria
No full textAquaculture uses antibiotics to treat or prevent bacterial infections, however, negative consequences including the emergence and dissemination of resistant pathogenic bacteria are quite concerning. In addition, the persistence of antibiotic residues (ARs) in fish is fast becoming a global health problem. This study assessed the use of antibiotics by fish farmers and the identification of antibiotic residue in fish samples in Lagos West Senatorial District, Lagos State, Nigeria. A well-structured questionnaire was used to conduct a cross-sectional study with 50 fish farmers. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the amount of antibiotic residues found in fish muscle, liver, and heart samples. 90% of the 50 farmers were men, and the majority (80%) were between the ages of 20 and 50. 35 fish farmers (70%) engaged in intensive fish farming, 10 (20%) engaged in semi-intensive farming, and 5 (10%) engaged in vast fish farming. For the usage of antibiotic/ drug in fish ponds, 45(90%) of fish farmers were affirmative of antibiotics usage. Five (10%) of fish farmers utilized alternative antibiotic products, while 45 (90%) used tetracycline. Fish heart samples from fish farms at Oshodi/Isolo and Alimosho Local Government Areas (LGAs) had total tetracycline residue concentrations (µg/ml) of 0.28 and 0.4, respectively. Total tetracycline residue concentration per weight (µg/g) in fish heart samples was 0.57 for fish farms at Oshodi/Isolo L.G.A. and 0.82 for fish farms at Alimosho L.G.A. Fish farms at Oshodi/Isolo LGAs had muscle and heart samples with ceftriaxone residues (µg/ml) of 2.13 and 2.7, respectively, whereas fish samples from the Ikotun area had muscle and heart residues of 1.69 and 1.92, respectively. Fish farmers in Lagos State\u27s West Senatorial District utilize antibiotics in aquaculture production in an unregulated and unsupervised manner
The Use of Otolith Biometrics Found in the Stomach of Purple-spotted Bigeye (Priacanthus tayenus Ricardson, 1846) for Food Type Identification of the Makassar Strait, Indonesia
No full textIdentification of the type of food of purple-spotted bigeye (Priacanthus tayenus) is very important to analyze the dynamics of the ecosystem and trophic interaction patterns in tropical waters. The main obstacle in the study of feeding patterns is the difficulty of identifying prey species due to soft tissue degradation in the digestive tract. This study aims to analyze the use of otolith biometric parameters in identifying the type of food of purple-spotted bigeye caught in the waters of the Makassar Strait, Indonesia. The samples used were 45 purple-spotted bigeye collected from the fish landing site. Stomach content analysis was conducted with a focus on otolith type as the primary indicator of prey identification. The results were then compared with a reference collection of otolith atlases to identify the otolith type, fish name, and scientific name. Biometric calculations were then performed on intact and paired otoliths. The identification results for otolith type and shape were analyzed descriptively and narratively. The otolith shape parameters studied included form factor (FF), roundness (RO), circularity (C), rectangularity (R), ellipticity (E), aspect ratio (AR). The results showed that the combination of the six parameters was able to distinguish otoliths from various prey species. The prey families that were successfully identified included Mullidae, Ariidae, Apogonidae, Cynoglossidae, Moringuidae, Plotosidae, Synodontidae, Gobiidae, Ambassidae and Leiognathidae. The roundness and circularity variables were the most sensitive indicators in distinguishing species that had similar otolith morphology. These findings prove that biometric analysis of otoliths is an effective method for identifying the type of food of purple-spotted bigeye so that it can improve the accuracy of trophic ecology studies of demersal predators in the Makassar Strait waters
The Effect of Water Exchange Intervals on the Growth of Caulerpa lentillifera
No full textAppropriate water exchange can maintain optimal physicochemical water parameter conditions, remove harmful metabolites, and provide the necessary nutrients for the growth of Caulerpa lentillifera. This research aims to analyze the effect of water exchange intervals on the growth of Caulerpa lentillifera and determine the optimal water exchange interval for the growth of Caulerpa lentillifera. This research was conducted for 45 days, with maintenance activities carried out at the Production and Reproduction Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram. This research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. The method used in this research was experimental, employing 4 treatments and 3 replications with A (daily water exchange), B (water exchange every 5 days), C (water exchange every 10 days), and D (water exchange every 15 days). The seedlings used in this research were collected from the waters of Batu Layar, Senggigi, West Lombok. The seaweed required for this research totaled 120 g, with a distribution of 3 g per research container. This research utilized 12 glass jar units, each filled with 1 liter of seawater. This research also involved the addition of nutrients to support optimal growth of Caulerpa lentillifera. The culture medium was enriched with the addition of nitrogen (N) 30 ppm, phosphorus (P) 4 ppm, and potassium (K) 6 ppm. Based on the results of the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test, different water exchange intervals showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on the absolute growth of Caulerpa lentillifera, Absolute growth is the increase in weight and length of organisms during the maintenance period. Statistical analysis showed that water exchange intervals had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the relative growth of Caulerpa lentillifera, Relative growth is the percentage increase in organism weight during the maintenance or cultivation period. Based on the results of the Least Significant Difference test, water exchange intervals showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on the specific growth rate of Caulerpa lentillifera, Specific growth rate (SGR) is the percentage of daily growth calculated based on seaweed weight measurements every week during the research period. Statistical analysis showed that water exchange intervals showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on the biomass residue of Caulerpa lentillifera, Biomass residue is the remaining biomass that survives after a decrease in biomass amount following growth. In conclusion, the water exchange interval of treatment C (water exchange every 10 days) showed the best performance in almost all measured growth parameters, with a relative growth value of 13.42%, daily specific growth rate of 0.630% per day, biomass residue of 58.68%, and absolute growth of 504.0 mg. Further research is needed on water exchange percentage parameters and nutrient optimization, including both micronutrients and macronutrients, as well as water quality factors such as physical, chemical, and biological parameters
First Record of Ichthyofaunal Diversity in Champanala, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
No full textFishes are one of the important group of vertebrates influencing the human lives in various ways. Fish diversity is one of the most important life supporting system on the earth and plays a very important role in the socio-economic development of the country. The present study was conducted in Champanala, a channel of river Ganga in district Bhagalpur, Bihar to study and explore the present Ichthyofaunal diversity, habitat condition and possible threats. The study was conducted between January 2024 to April 2025. Altogether, 53 species of fishes belong to 20 families and 10 orders were recorded in this channel. Out of which 16 species of fishes belonging to Cyprinidae, 4 belonging to Bagridae and Schilbedae, 3 species in each Siluridae, Clupeidae, Masteacembelidae, Ophiocephalidae and Anabantidae, 2 Species in Gobiidae and Centropomidae respectively, only 1 species was found belonging to the family Panagasiidae, Claridae, Heteropneustidae, Nandidae, Sciaenidae, Dasyatidae, Mugilidae, Symbranchidae, Belonidae and Tetraodontidae respectively.The present status of Champanala is running under very pitiable condition and facing many threats like habitat fragmentation (during dry season), eutrophication and heavy aquatic pollution. As per local information some species like Patasi/Tinkatia, Bami, Singhi and Kawai are found in less number once found in abundance, may be due to severe pollution or adverse aquatic ecosystem. Hence a thorough study and monitoring is required to know the health status of this wetland -Champanala
Assessing the Effect of UAV Data Acquisition Time and Camera Angle for Mapping Shallow Water Benthic Habitats in Dulanga Beach, Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia
No full textAims: This study aimed to evaluate the quality and accuracy of benthic habitat classification results based on drone imagery, verified through field data (ground truthing) based on drone flight time and sensor angle.
Study Design: A stratified random sampling method was employed to collect benthic habitat data across six substrate-based strata, yielding 189 observation points. Of these, 95 were used for training and 94 for validation during classification and accuracy assessment.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Dulanga Beach, Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia. Data collection occurred from June to July 2025, with UAV imagery acquired on 14–15 June 2025.
Methodology: UAV data were acquired using an Autel Evo II Pro V3 drone at 100 m altitude with 80% front-lap and side-lap, across four time intervals (08:00, 10:00, 12:00, and 14:00 Ante Meridiem (AM) local time) and two camera angle configurations (90° nadir and 45° oblique). Image pre-processing involved orthophoto generation via Agisoft Metashape using Structure from Motion (SfM), followed by mosaicking and orthorectification. Image analysis applied a two-level object-based image analysis (OBIA) workflow. Level-1 segmentation (scale 200) distinguished broad habitat zones, while Level-2 segmentation (scale 50) delineated benthic classes. Classification combined contextual rule-based editing and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms implemented in eCognition Developer 8.7. Accuracy assessment was conducted using a confusion matrix to calculate overall, producer, and user accuracy, along with the Kappa coefficient.
Results: The optimal acquisition was achieved at 10:00 AM local time with a 90° camera angle. Under these conditions, SVM classification with a segmentation scale of 50 yielded an overall accuracy of 91.75% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.89, indicating almost perfect agreement with field validation.
Conclusion: UAV-based object-oriented classification offers an accurate and efficient approach for benthic habitat mapping in shallow waters. The findings highlight the significance of acquisition time and camera angle and offer a methodological framework for improving spatial planning, ecosystem monitoring, and the management of marine conservation areas in Gorontalo Province
Market Structure and Efficiency of the Handline Fishery Marketing Chain at the Beba Fish Landing Site, Takalar, Indonesia
No full textHandline fishing is a traditional fishing gear still widely used by fishermen to exploit fish resources. Handline fishing is relatively simple and plays a role in supporting the supply of catches and competing with various modern fishing gear. Due to its crucial role, the sustainability of this fishery requires a more in-depth review through analysis of catch production and marketing. This study aims to analyze the margins and marketing efficiency of handline fishing for pelagic fish. This research was conducted over three months using a survey method with a direct interview approach to 40 respondents, including boat owners/fishermen, collectors, retailers, and end consumers. The study is a descriptive quantitative study with a purposive sampling method. The results of the study indicate that the percentage margin of consumer prices received by fishermen is 40%, the margin from fishermen to collectors is 10%, from collectors to retailers is 10%, and from retailers to end consumers is 40%. Based on calculations, the marketing efficiency value reaches 60%. This condition indicates that the handline fishing market structure is still inefficient, because most of the added value in the distribution chain is dominated by retailers. The results of this study provide an important basis for formulating more equitable small-scale capture fisheries policies, emphasizing the integration of economic and institutional aspects into supply chain governance through strategies to improve fishermen\u27s bargaining power, strengthen marketing institutions, and develop fairer distribution networks. Strengthening marketing efficiency and transparency has implications for improving fishermen\u27s welfare and the social and economic sustainability of handline and line fisheries in coastal areas