Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Effects of Selected Tuber Crops Starch on Some Extrusion Properties of Fish Feed
No full textThis research evaluates the effect of feed formulation on fish feed properties with the aim of providing information on its water absorption and physical properties of the feed. The main objective of the study is to analysis the effects of the 3 tuber crops (dried cassava, potato and cocoyam flour) on the floatability of fish feed. The fish feed ingredients with varying percentage (40, 70 and 100) of starch from cassava, potato and cocoyam were extruded using a single screw extruder with constant screw speed (285 rpm). The resulting extrudates were subjected to extensive analysis of physical properties, which included moisture content, mass, surface area, volume unit density, bulk density and porosity. The water absorption properties include, the relative absorption rate (%), the water stability (%), the expansion ratio (%) and the floating ability rate (%) were also determined. There was a linear increment between the increase in starch with floatability and water absorption properties of cassava and cocoyam starch; however, a nonlinear decrease relationship existed in percentages (%) of potato starch. The formulation with 40% cocoyam has the highest floatability while the least floatability was observed from 100% potato at first 10 mins of observation. At 40% starches, 76.66% of cassava, 66.66% of potato and 100% of cocoyam afloat for the period of observation (10-120 mins). In conclusion, the formulation with 40% cocoyam was adjudged as the preferable feed composition based on its floatability. From the result, it can be recommended that cocoyam starch support the floatability of fish feed
The Effectiveness of the Use of Aquatic Plants (Lemna perpusilla, Landoltia punctata and Azolla pinnata) in the Phytoremediation Process of Catfish Aquaculture Wastewater
No full textAims: The purpose of this study was to determine aquatic plants (Lemna perpusilla, Landoltila punctata and Azolla pinnata) that have the most effective ability as phytoremediation agents for catfish cultivation wastewater.
Study Design: This research was conducted by an experimental method, with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of three treatments and four replications.
Place and Duration of Study: This research is located at the Wet Laboratory (Ciparanje) of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. Water quality testing is carried out at the Water Resources Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences. Research was carried out on 20 July-24 September 2019.
Methodology: The test wastewater was collected from catfish pond culture and put into twelve aquarium with a volume of 8 litre. Physical and chemical parameters observed include BOD5, dissolved oxygen, CO2 acidity, temperature, nitrate, and phosphate.
Results: Lemna perpusilla, Landoltia punctata and Azolla pinnata were able to improve the quality of catfish culture wastewater such as increasing the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH, and reducingBOD5, CO2, nitrate and phosphate. Lemna perpusilla was able to reduce the concentration of BOD5, CO2,carbondioxide, nitrate and phosphate from catfish cultivation wastewater by75%; 77.7%; 23.4%; 44.2%, respectively, during the phytoremediation process, and Landoltia punctata was able to reduce the concentrations same parameters by 52%; 68.3%; 17.8%; 18.3% and Azolla pinnata by 41%; 84%; 15.3% and 28.4%.
Conclusion: Lemnaper pusillamay improve the quality of catfish culture wastewater better than Landoltia punctata and Azolla pinnata. Lemna perpusilla can be recommended as phytoremediation agents catfish cultivation wastewater to remediate organic matter before being discharged directly into water bodies
Effects of Dietary Potassium Diformate on Growth Performance, the Relationship between Fish Length and Weight, Feed Conversion and Survival Rate of Giant Freshwater Shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)
No full textThis study was purposed to determine the optimal dose addition of potassium diformate to commercial feed to increase the growth of giant freshwater shrimp. The method employed in this study was an experimental method, embracing application of a Randomized Block Design (RBD) method. It consists of four treatments and four replications. The treatments was based on the difference of potassium diformate amount in which given to giant freshwater shrimp. The difference of potassium diformate amount was 0% (control), 1%, 3%, and 5%. The sample of study used giant freshwater shrimp with a length of 4 - 6 cm. The samples were obtained from the Giant freshwater Shrimp Breeding Center, Pamarican, West Java Province. The shrimp were kept in 16 nets in a density of 20 shrimps and the size of the net cage is about 1 m3. The parameters observed in this research were daily growth rate, feed efficiency, the relation between length and weight, survival rate (analyzed using ANOVA with p < 0,05), and water quality. The sampling was made every 10 days. The results showed that the addition of potassium diformate by 1% gave the best result of daily growth rate of 1.86% ± 0.60, feed efficiency value of 19% ± 1.91, survival rate of 92% with net profit Rp. 67.160.- and for the length and weight relationship has a value of b> 3 which means that it has positive allometry along with water quality parameters regarded to SNI (Indonesian national standard)
The Effect of Concentrations of Basil Leaves Extract as Natural Preservatives in Mullet Fillet on Bacterial Growth in Low-Temperature Storage
No full textThis research aimed to know the shelf life of mullet fillet with basil leaves extract treatment in different concentration based on the amount of bacteria contained on mullet fillet during low temperature storage. The research was conducted at The Central Laboratory and The Laboratory of Fishery Product Processing, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. The method used in this research was experimental with four treatments by duplo. Basil leaves extract treatment concentrations were given in 0%, 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% concentrations, soaked for 30 minutes and stored at low temperature (5-10℃). The observations for grey mullet fillet with 0% concentration (without soaking on basil leaf extract treatment) were made on the 1st, 3td, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th day of research. The observations for 1.5%, 3% and 4.5 concentrations were made on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th day of storage period. The parameters observed in this research was the amount of bacteria. The result of research showed that the use of basil leaf extract in concentration of 3% on mullet fillet during low temperature storage has the longest shelf life, that was until 11 days with total amount of bacteria about 4.55 x cfu/g
Growth Performance of Mutiara Catfish (Clarias gariepinnus) Fed a Combination of Commercial Feed and Black Soldier Fly Maggot (Hemetia illucens)
No full textThe purpose of this research was to determine the appropriate combination of commercial feed and maggot to produce optimum growth, feed efficiency and food conversion ratio for catfish. This research used experimental method with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and four replications. The study was conducted in the Ciparanje Land Fisheries Area, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The research was carried out between January - July 2019. The treatments are combination of commercial feed and maggots consisting of A (control, 100% commercial feed), B (75% commercial feed + 25% maggot), C (50% commercial feed + 50% maggot) and D (25% commercial feed + 75% maggot). The parameters observed were survival rate, daily growth rate, length ratio, feed efficiency, food conversion ratio and water quality. The combination of commercial feed and maggots affected the daily growth rate, length ratio, feed efficiency and food conversion ratio of catfish. The survival rate of each treatment was 88.75, 92.50%. Treatment C showed the value of highest daily growth rate, length ratio, feed efficiency namely 1.86%, 1.40%, 65.09% respectively and the lowest feed conversion ratio 1.54%
Spatial Distribution of Plankton in Citanduy River, Cisayong Region, Tasikmalaya, West Java
No full textThe Cisayong area of Tasikmalaya Regency is an area that is passed by the Citanduy River. The condition of the waters in the Citanduy River in Cisayong area, has received various waste inputs which will affect the quality of the river waters and cause a decrease in water fertility. Plankton can be used as an indicator of water fertility. This study aims to determine the spatial distribution of plankton in the Citanduy River, Cisayong Tasikmalaya Region, West Java. This research was conducted from January 2020 to February 2020. The research stations are located in four locations which are determined based on environmental and land use factors with a sampling period span of once every seven days. This research was conducted using a survey method and the data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively. The results showed that there were 67 genera of plankton from 5 phytoplankton phyla and 4 zooplankton phyla with most of the phytoplankton groups found from the Bacillariophyceae class and the zooplankton group from the Tubulinea class. The total average abundance of phytoplankton was 11,534 ind / L and the total average abundance of zooplankton was 295 ind / L. The biological index values of the average diversity and dominance of phytoplankton were 2.72 and 0.11, while the average values of diversity and dominance of zooplankton were 0.92 and 0.47. The results of the plankton spatial distribution show that the fertility of the waters in Citanduy River is classified as oligotrophic for station 1 and mesotrophic waters for stations 2,3, and 4
Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Glyphosate-Induced Residues in Muscles of Juvenile Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
No full textAims: This study focused on acute toxicity of Glyphosate and its residual effect on muscles of juvenile Clarias gariepinus fish, as well as on L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) treatment of induced glyphosate residues in muscles of the fish to prevent bioaccumulation of glyphosate and subsequent toxicity when consumed by humans.
Study Design: Latin square.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka. Nigeria, between December 2018 and April 2019.
Methodology: Forty-eight hours acute toxicity tests were initially carried out on eight juveniles of C. gariepinus of mean weight 41.50±1.35g and length 20.75±0.43cm to determine LC50 of both glyphosate (Delsate®) and Vitamin C (Kepro®). Thereafter the fish were exposed for 91 days to sub-lethal concentrations of 0.0 (control), 5.0, 10.0 and 15mgL-1 glyphosate; and later treated separately with 50 and 100 mgL-1 of vitamin C for 7 days. A second set of fish was exposed to glyphosate and vitamin C concurrently for 91 days. Glyphosate residues in the muscles of the fish were determined by gas chromatography.
Results: The LC50 of Delsate® and Kepro® were 75 and 175 mgL⁻¹ respectively. There was significant increase (P<.05) in mean values of glyphosate retained in muscles of fish exposed to glyphosate for 91days when compared with the control. Seven days post-exposure treatment with vitamin C resulted in significant decrease (P<.05) in glyphosate residues in fish muscles; with 100mgL-1 of vitamin C being more effective than the 50 mgL⁻¹. The second set-up did not show significant therapeutic effects on the muscles of C. gariepinus.
Conclusion: This work has determined the LC50 of glyphosate and Vitamin C. Glyphosate residues in muscles of exposed fish could be rendered safe for human consumption by treatment of exposed fish in water bath containing with Vitamin C. Our on-going research is on histopathological alterations in tissues of glyphosate-exposed C. gariepinus juvenile fishes
Phytoplankton Community Structure as Bioindicator of Water Quality in Floating Net Cage Area with Different Density at Cirata Reservoir
No full textCirata Reservoir is built with water sources originating from the Citarum River. Cirata Reservoir mainly use as a hydroelectric power plant and fish cultivation area with a floating net cage system. The utilization of a reservoir for the cultivation of fish in the Cirata Reservoir had exceeded the specified capacity by the government. That matter had caused the water quality to change in waters of the Cirata Reservoir. Phytoplankton is the first organism that is affected because the degradation of water quality. The purpose of this research is to determine the structure community of phytoplankton in floating net cage areas with different density and water flow at Cirata Reservoir. This research was conducted on November 16 - December 8 of 2019 in the Cirata Reservoir with sampling station located at Jangari, Meleber, and Patokbeusi. The method that was used in this research was purposive sampling method. The result of physic-chemical parameter of this research showed that temperature at all station ranged between 31,9-34,5°C, transparency 53,5-76 cm, pH 6,87-7,67, CO2 8,4-16,8 mg/L, BOD5 1,1-20,5 mg/L, DO 5,83-9,72 mg/L, nitrate 0,169-0,241 mg/L, ammonia 0,001-0,241 mg/L, and phosphate 0,131-0,195 mg/L. The result of phytoplankton community structure indicated that composition of phytoplankton had 30 genera with Chlorophyceae class as the most dominant. The abundance of phytoplankton during research was ranged between 49.570-338.450 ind/L, diversity index 0,78-0,88, domination index 0,12-0,22, and saprobic index 1,04-1,59. Saprobic index indicated that water in each station was included in mild to moderate pollution category or in the β-Meso/ oligosaprobic phased which was showed by the large number of Gloeocystis and Glenodinium genera
Spatial Distribution of Phytoplankton in Jatigede Reservoir, West Java, Indonesia
No full textJatigede Reservoir has water input from the Cimanuk River. This river has gone through several anthropogenic activities that can affect its waters. Changes in conditions can occur due to changes in ecosystems carried out by several ecological aspects, one of which is the distribution of biota structures. The purpose of this study is to map the distribution of phytoplankton through spatial distribution both horizontally and vertically at the Jatigede Reservoir, West Java. The study began in July 2019 until September 2019. This research uses survey method. Sampling was carried out at 4 stations on the surface, half of the compensation depth, and compensation depth. The water parameters analyzed are transparency, temperature, depth, current, pH, CO2, BOD, DO, NO3-, PO43-, NH3, fitoplankton abundance, diversity index and dominance index. The results showed that 49 genera from 11 classes and 5 phyla were identified. Diversity index during the study reached between 0.904-2.062 and the dominance index was in the range of 0.267-0.681. The highest phytoplankton composition at each station and depth was found in the Bacillariophyceae class as much as 59.65% with an average abundance of 5523 ind/L.11 phytoplankton classes found during the study were identified at all observation stations, except in the eustigmatophyceae and mediophyceae classes
Typology of Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) Fisheries at Nizam Zachman Oceanic Fishing Port, Jakarta, Indonesia
No full textThis study aims to analyze the aspects of technical, social, and economic typologies of skipjack fisheries at Nizam Zachman oceanic fishing port, Jakarta. This research expected to provide information for decision-making in formulating policies in skipjack fisheries activities, thus they remain sustainable—this research conducted at Nizam Zachman oceanic fishing port, Jakarta from August 2019 to February 2020. The method used in this research is the survey method by interviewing the respondent through questionnaires for 100 respondents. The sampling method was done randomly, and the data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative. The social typology shows the orientation of Nizam Zachman as an industrial ocean fishing port is for commercial purposes. The main productive age level of fishers ranges from 35-39 years (33%) and the last education is a primary school (46%). Regarding the work experience, 38% had been fisher between 16-20 years. The technical typology shows the fishing gear that operated to catch skipjack at Nizam Zachman are purse seine, longline, also carrier vessel. In general, 74% of the size fleets were in 100-200 GT and the length of trips in 1-2 months (48%). The fishing ground area is in 572, 711 and 712 FMA. The economic typology shows skipjack production/trip by purse seine was 54%, longline (1%) and carrier vessel (57%)