Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of African Mud Catfish (Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) and Tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica Linnaeus 1758) in Orashi River of Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Lga of Rivers State, Nigeria
No full textLength-weight relationship and condition factor are important in fishery assessment studies since it provide information about the growth of the fish, its general wellbeing and fitness in aquatic habitat. LWRs for 2 fish species –Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) and Oreochromis nilotica (Linnaeus 1758) collected from Orashi River were established and their growth condition was evaluated. The study was carried out from September 2019 to August 2020. The biometric measurement (length/weight) shows that the weight of the fish increased in proportion to its length as indicated by the slope (b) of the relationship. The mean value shows strong relationship because coefficient of determination (R2) is >0.5 and range from 0.795-0.985. Higher values of both length and weight were recorded for Catfish over Tilapia. The results indicated that almost all the fish sampled exhibited a positive allometric growth and trended to grow bigger. All relationship were statistically significant (p=0.05). The mean Fulton’s condition factor (K) of the fish range from Catfish (1.24-1.80) and Tilapia (1.5-3.7) in the 5 stations sampled. The result showed that Tilapia had a high mean range and therefore was in better conditions than the Catfish. This gives information on the food supply, timing and duration of breeding cycle. The indices may also be used in the general assessment of the “well being” of a fish [1]. Multiple comparison tests using Turkey Kramer showed that the condition factor of Catfish from Okwuzi (station 1) was significantly different from that of Ndoni and Omoku but Ebocha and Obrikom was not significantly different from each other. With regards to seasonal variation, dry season recorded higher values than rainy season
Elasticity of Supply and Demand for Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Cianjur District
No full textThis study aims to analyze the elasticity of supply and demand and analyze the factors that influence the elasticity of supply and demand for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Cianjur Regency. This research was conducted from July 2020 to January 2022. The method used is descriptive quantitative method using primary data and secondary data. The sampling technique used in this research is accidental sampling. The results showed that the elasticity of supply and demand for tilapia (O. niloticus) in Cianjur Regency was elastic, meaning that if there was a change in price it would increase the change in supply/demand exceeding the percentage increase in price and indicate that the factors that affect the elasticity of supply for tilapia (O. niloticus) are the number of consumers and the factors that affect the elasticity of demand for tilapia (O. niloticus) are the price of tilapia and per capita income
The Effect of Aqueous Cattapa Leaf Extract on the Treatment of Gouramy Juvenile (Osphronemus goramy) Infected with Saprolegnia Sp.
No full textGouramy cultivation has obstacles in its development, one of which is disease. Disease attack in fish farming activities is a serious obstacle. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of cattapa leaf solution (Terminalia goramy) on the treatment of juvenile gouramy (Osphronemus goramy) infected with the fungal pathogen Saprolegnia sp. This study used a completely randomized design method with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments given consisted of treatment A (control, without cattapa leaf solution), while treatment B, C, D and E were 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm and 2000 ppm consecutively. The parameters observed were survival rate of gouramy, scale of fungal growth intensity (scaled from 1 to 5) and water quality. The scale of fungal growth and administration of cattapa leaf solution with different doses did not significantly affect the survival of gouramy (p > 0.05). However, the highest survival rate of gouramy was found in treatment B (500 ppm) which was 59% + 38.31 and the lowest was found in treatment E (2000 ppm) at 21% + 4.61. In-crease of gouramy leaves concentration was thought to cause stress of fish hence response to feeding was lower affecting the survival rate. Infections of Saprolegnia were still found from fish in all treatments although treated with cattapa leaf solution. In treatment D (1500 ppm), T. cattapa had a slight effect in the reduction of Saprolegnia found on the body of fish where decrease in the scale of fungal growth was found in several fish. Water quality parameters in this study such as temperature, pH, DO and ammonia were still in a suitable con-dition for the maintenance of gouramy juvenile
Occurrence of Leaf Spot Antrachnose in the Monostand of Rhizophora apiculata in Sitio Marabahay, Rio Tuba, Bataraza, Palawan, Philippines
No full textMangrove trees are naturally resilient to pathogenic attacks with its salt tolerant mechanism, but was reported to be lowest in Rhizophora apiculata making it susceptible to pathogenic attacks. This study aimed to morphologically verify the fungus affecting R. apiculata in the area and determine the extent and severity of fungal infection present in R. apiculata in Sitio Marabahay, Rio Tuba, Bataraza, Palawan, Philippines.
There were at least 100 R. apiculata trees near the settlement area that were affected by the anthracnose. Almost 85-90% of all sampled leaves were affected by the anthracnose which indicates that the R. apiculata that were thriving in Marabahay, Rio Tuba, Bataraza, Palawan, Philippines were under severe threats of great lost both in terms of quality and quantity of R. apiculata in the area.
The occurrence of this disease in R. apiculata could be attributed to the humidity brought by the rainy weather during the month of October favoring the growth of fungal pathogens. The low salt-tolerance of R. apiculata and environmental stress brought by the waste management of the settlers in the area contributed also to the spread of the disease among the monostand of R. apiculata.
Monitoring of the occurrence of this disease should be conducted frequently and water condition and other environmental factors in the settlement area should be evaluated to avoid decline of the mangrove biodiversity in the area. 
Fatty Acid Profile of Atlantic Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) oil Obtained using Different Extraction Methods
No full textThe effect of three extraction methods which include soxhlet, gas and charcoal powered smoking kiln on extraction of oil from Trachurus trachurus were investigated. Chemical analyses of the oil was carried out to determine its quantity and quality in terms of fatty acid composition by using standard laboratory methods. The results obtained indicated that the highest oil yield (14.0%) was recorded in oil extracted with soxhlet method, while the lowest (0.93%) in oil extracted with charcoal powered kiln extraction method. Based on the fatty acid profile of the oils, there are sixteen fatty acids in all the extraction methods with stearic acid (53.62%) as the highest saturated fatty acid (SFA); oleic acid (7.05%) as the foremost monounsaturated (MUFA) and linolenic acid (23.31%) as the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The Soxhlet methods consistently recorded the highest oil yield, and can be used to extract oil for industrial use. While, the gas powered kiln can be used to extract oil for consumption purpose
The Effect of Differences in the Addition of Astaxanthin and Several Sources of Natural ß-carotene in Increasing Color Intensity of Koi Fish (Cyprinus carpio L.)
No full textThis study aimed to examine the effect of differences in the addition of astaxanthin and several natural sources of ß-carotene taken from shrimp head flour and marigold flower flour on the color intensity of koi fish. The research was carried out from January 2022 to March 2022 at the Aquaculture Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and three replications. The treatments given are control (A), Astaxanthin 0.02% (B), Shrimp Head Flour 10% (C), and Marigold Flower Flour 1.5% (D). Feding of koi fish was carried out for 60 days. Parameters observed included color brightness observed using Toca Color Finder (TCF), survival rate, growth and water quality (temperature, DO, and pH). The results showed that each treatment gave a good effect in increasing the color of koi fish. The addition of astaxanthin 0.02% showed the highest value with an increase in color score of 2.2 on the head and 1.2 on the body. The highest survival rate was in the treatment of adding astaxanthin 0.02% and marigold flower flour 1.5% with a value of 100%. The highest fish growth value was in the addition of shrimp head flour 10% treatment with a weight growth value of 1.938 g and a length growth value of 0.852 cm. The water quality parameter values (temperature: 27-30℃, DO 5.3-7.8 mg/L, and pH: 6.7-7.9) were in normal conditions
The Exchange Rate Analysis of Catfish Cultivators: A Case Study in Sindangwangi Majalengka Indonesia
No full textMajalengka Regency has great potential in the fisheries sector, because the availability of water in some areas is quite abundant even though it is in the dry season. This welfare of fish farmers can be seen using the Fish Farmer Exchange Rate Analysis (NTPI). I analyzed NTPI for catfish farmers in Majalengka Regency using a case study method, with sampling techniques, namely purposive sampling. Primary data was obtained from catfish farmers in Sindangwangi District, Majalengka Regency and secondary data were obtained from related agencies analyzed using NTPI. The results obtained in this study indicated that NTPI hatcheries catfish in Sindangwangi District have NTPI of 94%, which is NTPI<100 meaning that catfish hatchery cultivators are not yet at the prosperous level, while for NTPI catfish enlargement in Sindangwangi District had NTPI of 105% or NTPI>100 indicating that catfish enlargement cultivators have reached a prosperous level
Characteristics of Bacillus CgM22 and the Effect of Induction on the Growth Rate in Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
No full textBacillus is a potential probiotic candidate which is currently widely applied in aquaculture. Bacillus can be found in various hosts, one of which is found in the intestines of fish. This study contains the genus Bacillus subtilis intestinal fish Bacillus CgM22. The steps taken were the characterization of Bacillus CgM22 with gram staining test, inhibition test, and proteolytic test. The method at the fish rearing stage is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model that uses four treatments and three replications. Treatment A was control with no addition of antimicrobials in the feed. Treatment B was the addition of 108 CFU Bacillus CgM22 at a dose of 15 ml/kg of feed. Treatment C was the addition of supernatant from Bacillus CgM22 at a dose of 5 ml/kg of feed. Treatment D was the addition of supernatant from Bacillus CgM22 at a dose of 10 ml/kg of feed. Furthermore, Bacillus CgM22 was induced in carp (Cyprinus carpio) to see its effect on absolute weight. The results showed that the gene characteristics of the bacteria genus Bacillus CgM22, including gram-positive bacteria, had the shape of a rod or Bacillus. It was also found that the growing Bacillus CgM22 could inhibit the growth of Aeromonas hydrophilla. There are proteolytic test results that can be seen from the formation of a clear zone with a proteolytic index of IP = 2.19. Based on statistical tests, it was shown that the addition of probiotics was not significantly different (P > 0.05) on the growth rate of carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Anaesthetic and Histological Effects of Lidocaine Hydrochloride on Oreochromis niloticus Juveniles
No full textThis study investigated the toxicity of Lidocaine Hydrochloride-sodium Bicarbonate (LHB) on Oreochromis niloticus juveniles (20.75 g). The histological tissue examinations were used to assess the effects of the anaesthetic agent (LHB) on the fish after exposure. Varying concentrations of LHB in increments of 10mg/L ranging from 60mg/L to 100mg/L were used for the static bioassay. There was a decrease in induction and recovery time with an increasing concentration of LHB showing a significant positive correlation (R2= 0.9721; p<0.05) and (R2=0.7338; p<0.05) respectively. Anaesthetic values of LHB for O. niloticus at an induction time of less than 4 minutes and recovery time of less than 3 minutes were observed. No mortality occurred during the experiment. Histological examination of the gills, liver and kidney of O. niloticus after exposure showed different pathological changes. The gills and liver of the fish exposed to 100 mg/L concentration showed no sign of histological changes. However, the results obtained showed a severe histological effect on the kidney of juveniles Oreochromis niloticus at 100 mg/L of LHB
An Assessment of the Water Quality Factors: A Case of Hilsa Fishery River Areas
No full textThe physicochemical and biological attributes of a river ecosystem usually reveal the status of the subsistent aquatic life and affiliated species richness index of the biodiversity. Towards appraisal of water quality, physicochemical parameters (i.e., temperature, pH, DO, transparency and conductivity), water nutrients (nitrate, phosphate) and concentration of chlorophyll a were determined. Samples were collected from seven different stations of Hilsa fishery areas with their special feature. The study revealed a slight spatial variation in physicochemical parameters of river water. While the parameters were found to be at acceptable levels, some measures are needed to improve the quality of water to ensure successful migration and reproduction of the Hilsa fish. The water quality parameter was found slightly alkaline (7.4±0.3). The transparency was found (38.3±11.11 cm) followed by water temperature (22.47±01.79 ºC), alkalinity (101.8 ±19.87), conductivity (2139±2101 µS/cm), CO2 (6.79±2.43 mg/L), DO (7.56±0.38 mg/L), nitrate (0.006±0.01 g/L), phosphate (0.002±0.0003 mg/L). Chlorophyll a, which represents the biomass of phytoplankton, was estimated (4.58 ± 4.18 mg/L). The largest quantity of plankton as a natural food (both in number and taxa) was found in the Meghna river basin compared to the other rivers. This assessment of the physical, hydrological, chemical and biological profile of the environment of the Hilsa fishery areas of the country delivers obvious evidence which is important to the apprising of the hilsa fisheries management action plan and to the sustainable management of hilsa fishery to a greater extent