Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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A Comparative Study on the Gonadosomatic Index and Milt Volume of Four Populations of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Broodstock Strains from North-East Nigeria
No full textThis study was carried out to compare and assess the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) and Milt Volume of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from four population strains in the North-East of Nigeria. The broodstocks for the experiment were collected from lake Alau in Borno State, Lake Dadin Kowa in Gombe State, Lake Maladumba in Bauchi State and Lake Mayo Ranewo in Taraba State. The experiment was carried out at the hatchery complex of the Department of Fisheries, University of Maiduguri. A total of eighty C. gariepinus, twenty from each lake were collected. Standard methods were used to determine the gonadosomatic index and milt volume of the broodstock fish. The result obtained showed that the highest GSI value in males was 0.48±0.14 for fish caught from Lake Mayo Ranewo and the lowest GSI in males value was 0.28±0.01 for fish caught from Lake Maladumba. While the highest GSI value in females was 9.18±2.48 for fish caught from Lake Maladumba and the lowest GSI in females value was 4.06±0.65 for fish caught from Lake Dadin Kowa. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) on the GSI among the males and females fish broodstocks among Lakes The highest milt volume 2.66±0.16 was recorded for fish caught from Lake Mayo Ranewo and the lowest milt volume in males value was 2.32±0.11 and 2.32±0.11 for fish caught from Lake Alau and Lake Dadin Kowa respectively. The results obtained in this study have increase our knowledge on the reproductive biology of wild C. gariepinus from the North-East of Nigeria and have also provided relevant information for fisheries and aquaculture management as well as breeding programmes
Comparative Effect of Ratio of Fermented Azolla pinnata on Growth and Survival of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Seeds
No full textThe production in Indonesia of cultured fish in 2019 has increased from the previous year, the high demand for freshwater fish, especially carp will affect the feed needed in the cultivation process, while for now the price of commercial fish feed with good protein content the price of commercial feed are too expensive to come by and not readily available. The research evaluated the effect of different levels of formulated feed with fermented Azolla pinnata on the growth and survival of carp juveniles. The different levels of feeding fermented A. pinnata on the growth and survival of carp juvenile. The research was conducted from March 3, 2021 to November 2021 at the Fisheries Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. This study used methods and Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consisted of five treatments with triplicate of each , namely commercial feed control and feed containing 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of fermented A. pinnata . The test 300 carp juveniles were used for this study and they were divided into five group containing 20 carp juveniles with triplicate of each group of 5-7 cm are kept in aquariums filled with water as much as 10 liter with the density of carp juvenile during the study was 20 fish per aquarium with a maintenance period of 40 days. The feed given was 5% of the body weight of the test fish. Parameters observed were growth rate, feed conversion ratio, absolute growth, survival rate, and water quality which were observed weekly. Data obtained from this study were analyzed using ANOVA by Duncan\u27s multiple post hoc analysis with a 95% confidence level. Based on research that fermented A. pinnata can be used as an additional feed for carp, feeding with a mixture of 25% pellets combined with A. pinnata 75% for the best treatment with a growth rate of 2.35%, absolute growth of 3,2 grams, feed conversion ratio of 2. 81 and a survival rate of 68%. Compare with control treatment, the results obtained were a growth rate of 2.60%, absolute growth of 4.1 grams, a feed conversion ratio of 1.62 and a survival rate of 68%, but the control treatment cost more due to using commercial feed without using feed addition
Identifying the Environmental Factors Affecting Puerulus Settlement of the Spiny Lobster, Panulirus homarus in Awang Bay, Lombok Island
No full textThis research aims to observe the settlement of puerulus lobster larvae in the waters of Awang Bay in relation to the spatial and temporal fluctuations in aquatic environmental conditions. This research was conducted from August to October 2020 in the waters of Awang Bay, Lombok Island. The main data collected in this study is puerulus settlement,while the supporting data are physical, chemical and biological parameters of the waters. Observations of the aquatic environment are carried out in-situ, namely direct measurements in the field and analysis of satellite images. The collected data were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the distribution of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a in the waters of Awang Bay and its surroundings based on satellite imagery during August to October ranged from 25-32 °C and 0.1370 - 2.3532 mg/m3 respectively. Warm temperatures and chlorophyll-a are concentrated in coastal areas and are decreasing towards the offshore direction. The nine environmental parameters studied contained two parameters that significantly influenced individually on puerulus lobster settlement, namely the abundance of plankton and temperature. Meanwhile, brightness, current velocity, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH, phosphate and nitrate had no significant effect. The significant relationship between plankton abundance and temperature and puerulus lobster settlement was due to plankton being the main food for larvae, and the sea water temperature was still relatively stable so that lobster seeds still survived and could support puerulus lobster settlement
Fermentation Microbials Isolated from Marine: A Review
No full textMarine fish is one of the foodstuffs that containsk many compounds that are good for the human body. Marine fish contain omega-3 essential fatty acids as Docosahexanoic Acids (DHA) which are few other animal protein ingredients. This fish is rich in nutrients and minerals that can help prevent and maintain the body\u27s immune system so that the body is fit. The benefits obtained include maintaining the cardiovascular system, efficient brain function, preventing damage to the thyroid gland and improving eye health. Fermentation is one way to process fishery products by utilizing the decomposition process of compounds from complex protein ingredients. To ferment food, microorganisms are needed that play a role in the decomposition of organic components in the material. Microorganisms commonly used are lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic acid bacteria (BAA), bacilli or other bacteria, yeast, or filamentous fungi
Level of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Contamination in Braised Fish Marketed and Consumed in Eight Communes in the District of Abidjan, Côte D\u27ivoire
No full textAims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the exposure of consumers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and to estimate the health risk related to the consumption of braised fish from eight (8) communes of the District of Abidjan in order to contribute to the protection of these consumers.
Study Design: This experimental study consisted in sampling fish cooked with charcoal embers in the collective catering circuit, followed by the determination of PAHs and the estimation of health risks.
Place and Duration of Study: The braised fish samples were collected in the Autonomous District of Abidjan and analyses were performed at the Central Laboratory of Agrochemistry and Ecotoxicology between January and March 2015.
Methodology: PAHs were extracted and purified on a Bond Eut C18 cartridge and then determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) according to ISO 15753.
Results: All the eight (8) PAH molecules investigated were found in varying concentrations and numbers in the braised fish depending on their origin. Concentrations range from 0.013 g/kg to 1.246 g/kg for individual molecules and from 0.670 g/kg to 3.271 g/kg for total PAHs (TPAHs) regardless of the municipality and PAH molecule. In addition, 0-25% of the samples are non-compliant with the standard for PAHs and 0-13% for TPAHs. Also, braised fish collected in the communes of Marcory and Plateau contain eight (8) molecules while variable numbers of molecules are found in those from other communes. Thus, seven (7) molecules were found in four communes (Abobo, Cocody, Koumassi, Port-Bouet) and six (6) molecules in two communes (Treichville, Yopougon). However, all hazard quotients (0.00000-0.00041) are less than 1 regardless of the municipality and PAH molecule.
Conclusion: These results are essential to improve the safety of braised fish made available to consumers of differents communes of the District of Abidjan. These results recommend the consideration of other sources of PAH in the diet although the hazard quotients are less than 1 because PAH molecules have a cumulative power in the body
Potential Use of Ipil-Ipil (Leucaena leucocephala Lam.) As Fish Feed Ingredient: A Mini-review
No full textAims: This article aims examines the effect of giving Ipil-Ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) in feed on the growth of various types of fish and the nutritional content of Ipil-Ipil.
The method used in this literature study is to review several research articles on the use of Ipil-Ipil on fish growth, and the nutritional content of various parts plant.
The utilization of Ipil-ipil raw materials for fish is limited by the present of some antinutrient substances such as phytic acid, mimosine, tannins, as well as a fairly the high content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of 39.5% and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of 35.10%. Studies evaluating the nutritional quality of Leucaena as a fish feed ingredient gave varying results. There are significant differences with using Leucaena leucocephala as a substitute food for fish feed. It shows an increase in performance from the point of view of a certain growth rate, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. However, not all dietary experiments are affected for fish growth due to the processing techniques applied that involve soaking and drying the leaves thus reducing the antinutrients in Leucaena leaf meal which are mostly mimosine.
Conclusion: The leaves of Leucaena leucocephala have the potential to make considerable contributions to feeding of the Africa catfish as this study demonstrate the it’s suitability at 20% level of inclusion without any negative effects on the growth
Distribution of Decapods in the Selected Mangrove Sites in Sta. Maria, Davao Occidental, Philippines
No full textAims: To identify the species of decapods and their edibility, determine the population density, abundance, dominance, and diversity indices of decapods found in the selected mangrove sites, and measure the physicochemical parameters of the area.
Place and Duration of Study: Barangay Tanglad, Mamacao, and Basiawan of the Municipality of Sta. Maria, Davao Occidental. April 25-29, 2022.
Methodology: A transect-plot method was used in sampling and the samples were handpicked or captured using tongs, scooped using the locally used net, dug from their burrows, and collected from wooden hides. The samples were put in a container with seawater and ice, then cleaned, photographed, and identified. The samples were presented to the fisherfolks and locals to identify local names and their edibility. The pH, temperature, and salinity of the seawater were recorded on site. The decapods’ taxonomic classification was identified. The population density, abundance, dominance, and diversity indices were computed.
Results: There were 13 species of decapods found in the three sampling sites, namely: Triangular fiddler crab (A. triangularis), Nymph snapping shrimp (A. euphrosyne), Mud crab (B. vinosus), Forceps crab (E. dentatus), Brown land crab (C. carnifex), Hermit crab (C. rugosus), Indian prawn (F. indicus), Giant freshwater prawn (M. rosenbergii), Alamihi crab (M. thukuhar), Mudflat crab (P. pictum), Flat porcelain crab (P. cinctipes), Mangrove swimming crab (T. crenata), and Compressed fiddler crab (T. coarctata). A total of 633 individuals were gathered from the three sampling sites. 279 individuals were collected in Barangay Tanglad, 189 individuals in Barangay Mamacao, and 165 individuals in Barangay Basiawan. Triangular fiddler crab (A. triangularis), Hermit crab (C. rugosus), Indian prawn (F. indicus), Alamihi crab (M. thukuhar), Mudflat Crab (P. pictum), and Compressed fiddler crab (T. coarctata) were observed to be present among the three sites. In the three sampling sites, Mudflat crab (P. pictum) showed to have the highest population density of 199 ind./2,700 m2, highest index of the dominance of 0.291, and a relative abundance of 31.44%. Mudflat crab (P. pictum), Triangular fiddler crab (A. triangularis), and Compressed fiddler crab (T. coarctata) were the most dominant species in the area.
Conclusion: Barangay Tanglad was found to be the most diverse site, it also had the highest index of evenness. Barangay Mamacao and Basiawan had the highest similarity index. There was no significant difference in the number of decapod species between the sampling sites. The physicochemical parameters are within the optimum level which could be a favorable condition for the abundance of the decapods
Structure Community PhytoplanktonIn Cikidang River, Pangandaran City, Indonesia
No full textThis research aims to determine the structure of the phytoplankton community in the waters of the Cikidang River, which can use as a bioindicator of water quality. The research began in November 2021-February 2022 using a survey method. Sampling does at four stations. The determination of the stations does by considering land use and river orders. The water parameters analyzed are transparency, temperature, Salinity, pH, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Nitrate (NO3-), Phosphate (PO43-), Nitrate NH3, phytoplankton abundance, diversity index, and dominance index. The results showed the identification of 21 genera from 6 classes and four phyla such as Chrysophyta, Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, and Euglenophyta. Abundances index ranging from 17.2-104.6 Ind/L. The diversity index ranged from 0.49 to 0.72. At the same time, the dominance index ranges from 0.28 to 0.51 and belongs to the category of low to moderate dominance. The water quality in the Cikidang River generally meets the requirements of class II and Class III quality standards, according to Government Regulation 22 of 2021 concerning Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control
Utilization of Fish Bone Waste for Food
No full textThis article study aims to explain the use of fishbone waste in its processed form on the daily food product, to analyze to an extent it’s strength and potential in Indonesia and identify its usage. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method using secondary data sources. This research is done by reviewing and analyzing various literature data correlated to fish bone usage. From the associated data, it’s discovered that fish bone mainly used as a calcium source in wich has different value depending on the sources. The utillization of fish bone as food ingredients is mainly used as a substitute or an additive used for product improvements and still being developed to this day
Retracted: A Review on Hidden Subterranean (Hypogean) Ichthyofaunal Resources of India along with IUCN Status, Threats and Its Conservation Strategies
No full textSubterranean habitats are one of the most peculiar and mysterious ecosystems on earth, yet we still have very less information about their biodiversity. These animals often live in extremely nutrient-limited environments. Consequently, most of the subterranean fish species are relatively small in size to survive on limited food resources. We present here a systematic checklist along with IUCN conservation status and a comprehensive account of the diversity, distribution, threats and suggest conservation measures for the Indian subterranean fishes. A total of 18 species under 5 orders, 8 families and 7 genera are listed from the secondary data. According to the IUCN Red List status, nine subterranean fish fauna are listed under the Not Evaluated (50%) category, five Data Deficient (27.78%), two endangered (11.11%), and only one species come under the Critically Endangered (5.56%) and Least Concern category (5.56%). Several anthropogenic stressors including agriculture, overexploitation, deforestation, habitat disturbance, hydroelectrically plans, invasive species, human-fish conflicts, climate change, sand mining and un-ecofriendly tourism are threatening these underground fishes. Nevertheless, there have been only a few studies on subterranean fish fauna, partly because many subterranean occur in tropical regions, sometimes in caves of difficult access, where there are few local researchers. It is necessary to promote throughout society the importance and urgency of studying and conserving subterranean resources to preserve their ecosystem services.
Retraction Notice: This paper has been retracted from the journal after receipt of written complains. This journal is determined to promote integrity in research publication. This retraction is in spirit of the same. After formal procedures editor(s) and publisher have retracted this paper on 21th January-2023. Related policy is available here: https://bit.ly/ajfar-retractio