Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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1022 research outputs found
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Microbiota from Intestinal Gut of Dawkinsia filamentosa (Valenciennes,1844) as Indicator of Environmental Condition
No full textAims: To isolate and identify the gut associated micro-organisms present in the gastrointestinal tract of freshwater fish Dawkinsia filamentosa.
Place and Duration of Study: Sampling site: The fish samples were collected from the river Gadana, located at the foot hills of Western Ghats, Alwarkurichi, Tenkasi district, Tamil Nadu, India. Place: Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Azhwarkurichi, Tenkasi, Tamilnadu, India (Latitude 8o20’N; Longitutde 77o10’E). Duration: The research was done during December 2021 and April 2022.
Methodology: The fish samples were anaesthetized and surface sterilized followed by aseptic dissectionby using sterile scalpel and needle. The gut contents were removed and homogenized well and isolation of Gut micro biome was done by means of serial dilution. The identification of gastrointestinal bacteria was done by performing various biochemical tests such as Gram staining, Motility, Indole test, Methyl red test, Voges Proskauer test, Citrate utilization test, Triple sugar Iron test, Catalase test, Oxidase test, Urease test, Nitrate test, Starch hydrolysis and Carbohydrate Fermentation Test. The fungi present in gastrointestinal tract is identified with lacto phenol cotton blue staining followed by microscopic observations.
Results: The overall bacterial load of gastrointestinal material ranged from 47 x10-7 to 219 x10-5 cfu/g. A total of six bacterial strains and four fungi strains were isolated. Several biochemical tests were used to identify the bacterial isolates. The six bacterial isolates were tentatively identified as Pseudomonas sp., Aeromonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Enterobacter sp., and Vibrio sp. and the four fungi species isolated from the gutwere Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Beauveria basiana, and Penicillium sp.
Conclusion: The current research revealed that, Dawkinsia filamentosa has a variety of microbiota in its gut. Microbial species from freshwater environments may be able to augment fish feed with these bacteria in commercial aquaculture operations. Additionally, these findings have aided in the development of possible remedies, enhanced knowledge of host-microbe interactions in other vertebrates, and enhanced aquaculture practices. The benefits of identifying gut microbiota in fishes is, it helps to study about the host nutrient catabolism and immune defence mechanism against the disease-causing pathogens
Effect of Insect Meals on the Growth Efficiency, Survival and Total Carotenoid Content of an Ornamental Fish Xiphophorus maculatus (Gunther, 1866)
No full textTo evaluate the effects of three non-conventional insects (cricket, grasshopper and mealworm) and commercial diet (control) on growth, survival and total carotenoid content of ornamental fish, platy (Xiphophorus maculatus), a feeding trial was conducted in Zoology laboratory, Vidyasagar College, West Bengal, India, between November 2021 and May 2022. A total of 250 platy juveniles (0.04±0.002 gm) were stocked in 12 glass aquariums with 20 fishes for each experimental feed set. Each experimental diet was made per triplicate. The growth efficiency parameters of platy fish in terms of weight gain percentage, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured at the end of the study period. Protein content in percent is significantly higher in mealworm (46±0.58) and then in grasshopper (42.50±0.29). Final weight of fishes was significantly higher in mealworm fed sets (2.134gm±0.008) and lower in commercial meal fed sets (0.827gm±0.003). The lowest FCR was found in commercial diet (0.458±0.002) and best FCR values was found in cricket diet (0.280±0.001). Higher value of SGR was obtained in mealworm fed sets (2.209±0.002) and lower SGR was in commercial diet (1.683±0.002). Mean survival percentage was 90% in mealworm diet and lowest survival value was 55% at commercial diet. Carotenoid content in fish body was significantly higher in mealworm diet (9.23μg/g±0.071), while lowest was observed in commercial diet (0.47μg/g±0.001). Present study shows that insect diets were better than commercial diet, but mealworm diet was better to increase survival and carotenoid content in X. maculatus
Mechanical, Optical, and Microbiological Characteristics of Biocomposite Edible Film Based on Canna Starch and Nanochitosane with the Addition of Fish Oil: A Review
No full textEdible film is a packaging development for environmentally friendly food that is composed of organic ingredients, so it is safe for consumption. Natural polymers that make up edible films include polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins to replace synthetic packaging materials. The characteristics of good edible film have properties like other plastic packaging, namely being easy to shape, transparent, flexible, not easily damaged, and cheap. Canna starch has the potential to be used as a building material because it contains high levels of amylose and amylopectin, and nanochitosan has good antimicrobial activity. The addition of fish oil to edible films is a solution to correct the deficiencies of edible film biocomposites, which can increase their hydrophobic properties and tensile strength
Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Concentrations in Locally Smoked and Fresh Clarias Gariepinus from Government Assisted Clustered Fish Farm, Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria
No full textAim: To evaluate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in fresh and smoked Clarias geriepinus.
Study Design: Fifty numbers of fresh Clarias geriepinus which range in weight between 200.5g and 655.2g were collected from selected clustered farmers and categorized based on their weight into five groups. The tissues were collected from each fresh fish for analysis of PAHs before smoking.
Place and Duration of Study: The sampled fish were collected from government assisted clustered fish farm estate. The analyses for PAHs were conducted for two weeks in year 2022 at the central laboratory of Nigeria Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research
Methodology: The laboratory procedures and analyses for the detection of sixteen PAHs in the muscles of fresh and smoked on each five grouped of C. geriepinus were carried out using Gas Chromatography (Model HP 6890A).
Results: The results shows presence of PAHs in both locally smoked and fresh Clarias geriepinus therefore, there is no significant difference in the means concentrations of PAHs in both tissues but significant difference occurs (p=.05) in the grouped smoked fish with Indeno (1, 2, 3-c, d) Pyrene mean concentrations higher in both fresh and smoked fish.
Conclusion: PAHs concentrations from both fresh and smoked C. geriepinus muscles are below the FAO/WHO threshold limit. It is therefore safe for human consumption but a gas or electric powered smoking kiln is hereby recommended to prevent further accumulation of PAHs in smoked fish which could be carcinogenic to human consumers
The Effect of Plant-based Insecticides Contains Active Eugenol and Azadirachtin on Immune System of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
No full textThis study aims to investigate the toxicity effects of plant-based insecticides containing eugenol and azadirachtin on the immune system of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Several immunological parameters, including white blood cell count, red blood cell count, stress response, and macroscopic clinical symptoms, were examined [1]. The study was conducted from September to October 2022 at the Ciparanje Inland Fisheries Hatchery, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. This study employed a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. The observation period encompassed the measurement of red and white blood cell counts, stress response, and macroscopic clinical symptoms for the initial 14 days. Leukocyte and erythrocyte counts were assessed before and after insecticide exposure on days 3, 7, 10, and 14. Data analysis involved the utilization of quantitative descriptive analysis for red and white blood cell counts. Exposure to plant-based insecticides containing eugenol and azadirachtin resulted in a suppression of the immune system in common carp fry. However, the insecticide treatment with a concentration of 64 ppm (Treatment F) remained safe for common carp. The highest count of white blood cells was observed in Treatment F (64 ppm) on day 3, while the lowest count was recorded in Treatment A (control). Treatment A (control) also exhibited the highest count of red blood cells, whereas Treatment F (64 ppm) displayed the lowest count. Thus, plant-based insecticides with a concentration of 64 ppm can still be safely utilized in common carp
Volatile Flavor Components and Amino Acid Profile of Steamed Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.)
No full textHeating method such as steaming could influence fisheries commodity chemical composition, notably its flavor components. This study aims to identify the volatile flavor compounds and amino acid composition of steamed Indian mackerel. The samples in this study were steamed (100oC, 30 minutes) Indian mackerel meat which their volatile compounds were extracted using Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) method and identified by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), while their amino acids profile were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The volatile components analysis result showed that there were 50 volatile compounds in steamed Indian mackerel. Most volatile compounds detected derived from hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols and ketones groups of compounds. The amino acids profile analysis showed that glutamic acid is the highest quantity amino acids detected in steamed Indian mackerel (3.74%). These results are basically influenced by many factors including heat treatment and various heat-induced reactions
Assessment of Nutritional Composition of Shrimps Using Different Smoking Method
No full textThe study assessed the effects of smoking on the nutrient attributes of penaeus notialis shrimps in Ghana. Terminalia ivorensis, Petersianthus macrocarpus and Albizia zygia were used as fuel woods to smoolder the shrimps. Descriptive and experimental research designs were adopted to guide the entire study. A Random sampling technique was used to select 88 second year students of the Catering and Hospitality Department at the Kumasi Technical University. Frequency and percentage were used to analyse the background information of the respondents. One way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for significant differences among the types of wood used. The study revealed that seven nutrients (Dry Matter, Moisture, Ash, Protein, Fibre, Fat/Oil and Carbohydrate) were found. There is a significant difference in nutritional and chemical properties of the shrimps based on the types of wood used for smoking. The study, therefore, recommended that, care must be taken not to use any wood for fuel in smoking shrimps
Economic Mapping of Small-Scale Fishers in Dadap Village, Juntinyuat District, Indramayu Regency, Indonesia
No full textSmall-scale fishers (SSF) are essential to providing employment and food security worldwide. This is especially true in coastal countries like Indonesia. However, despite being so important, often the economic and social characteristics of SSF are not well documented. Thus, this research focused on the small-scale fishers of Dadap Village, which is located in the Juntinyuat District, Indramayu Regency, Indonesia. Specifically, through qualitative research methods and economic mapping, this study investigated various aspects of the fisher\u27s characteristics, economic activities, and factors affecting their development. The research found that fishers were between 20-54 years with a relatively low level of education, and many relied on customers for social support due to high fishing supplies costs. The economic mapping of Dadap Village revealed that fishing activities dominated the local economy, with small scale fishers using various fishing gear and vessels, ranging from 2-4 Gross Tonnage to 5-10 Gross Tonnage (GT). The catches varied depending on the fishing gear used, and the income also differed based on the selling price of the catch and the duration of fishing trips. Several supporting factors for the development of small-scale fishers were identified, including the high production of catches and the presence of fish auction facilities. On the other hand, inhibiting factors included selling catches outside the auction place, low education levels, lack of technology usage, and consumptive behavior of fishermen. In conclusion, the study sheds light on the characteristics and economic activities of small-scale fishermen in Dadap Village. The findings highlight the need for support in terms of technology adoption and educational improvements to enhance the development of the fishing community. Additionally, better market access and reduced reliance on middlemen could positively impact the economic growth of small-scale fishers in the area
Effect of Steaming Temperature on Nutrient Content and Organoleptic of Shredded Mackerel Tuna Fish
No full textOrganoleptic and nutrient content of shredded mackerel tuna fish products can be affected by the steaming temperature. This study aims to determine the effect of steaming temperature on the nutritional and organoleptic content of shredded swordfish and to obtain the optimum temperature from the tested treatment. The study was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023. Fish shredded processing and organoleptic tests were carried out at the Fisheries Product Processing Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, and chemical tests were carried out at the Central Laboratory, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. The method used in the study was an experimental method with 3 treatments of steaming temperature variations and 20 semi-trained panelists as a repeat with steaming temperature levels 50°C, 55°C, and 60°C. Data processing using Friedman non-parametric analysis. The parameters observed are fish shredded yield, organoleptic hedonic test characteristics which include appearance, aroma, texture, and taste of shredded fish, as well as chemical tests which include protein content, fat content, moisture content, ash content, and carbohydrate content. The results showed that the effect of steaming temperature of 60°C is the optimum treatment and the most preferred treatment has an average value of appearance, aroma, texture, and taste of 7 (preferred) with proximate test results of the protein content of 29.42%, ash content of 6.38%, moisture content of 7.04%, fat content of 27.91%, and carbohydrate content of 29.26%
Feasibility of Water Quality from Treated Domestic Wastewater Effluent in Bojongsoang WTTP, Bandung District for Fish Farming
No full textBojongsoang Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTTP) is a place for processing wastewater in domestic activities in Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia before being released into the aquatic environment. This study aims to determine the feasibility of water quality from domestic wastewater treatment for fish farming activities at the Bojongsoang WTTP in January - June 2023. The survey method was used with purposive sampling technique and conducted at five research stations with two replicates. The efficiency of reducing sewage treatment at the Bojongsoang WTTP is able to reduce the BOD5 value by 73%, reduce ammonia by 66%, reduce TSS by 38%, increase DO by 75% and the temperature and pH parameters are stable as expected. The results of testing six water quality parameters from processed domestic wastewater at the Bojongsoang WTTP, some ponds are at high levels and exceed water quality standards. So that it is not suitable if it is used as a fish farming pond that will be consumed or traded. The performance of each WTTP treatment pond is not yet optimal in accordance with the aims and objectives of wastewater treatment (WTTP), namely to reduce (eliminate) polluting substances so that they can be used for agricultural and fishery needs