Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Fish Gills as Morphological Indicators of Exposure to Four Environmentally Relevant Pharmaceuticals
No full textPharmaceuticals are a fast-emerging class of environmentally relevant contaminants of concern, due to their ubiquitous presence in surfaces waters consequent on human and veterinary use. Their relatively unknown effects on non-target organisms and probable deleterious effects on ecosystem health and complexity make it necessary to develop the use of simple early warning detection systems to validate their probable presences in the aquatic environmental niche.. In this paper, we present the results of the effects on the gills of a local farmed catfish species, Clarias gariepinus of four pharmaceuticals detected in the Lagos lagoon at concentrations exceeding determined no observed effect concentrations (noec) in literature. Histopathological changes observed included lamellar hyperplasia, hypertrophy, epithelial lifting, necrosis and atrophy. This study validates the continuing histological utility of fish gills as sensitive indicators of exposure to xenobiotics, and the inherent capacity of pharmaceutical residues in water to elicit detectable pathologies in various fish organs, even at extremely low concentrations
Small-Scale Fishing Community of Haor Areas: What Matters to Them
No full textSmall-scale fishing communities in haor areas are among the most vulnerable to climate change and poverty. The aim of this study is to investigate the context of small-scale fishing communities in Sunamganj and nearby regions in terms of climate change and poverty. Haor regions are critical to the Bangladeshi economy, and many of people rely on them for a living. Small-scale fishing communities in Sunamganj are regarded the most vulnerable among the populations who live in haor regions because they are socially disadvantaged, undereducated, lack market access, have the identity of a working-class community, and have no notion how to change their fortunes. Due of climate change, the environment in many locations is changing, and as a result, the supply of fish is diminishing year after year. Additionally, the regular flash floods in these locations leave the fishing population vulnerable owing to restricted access to basic supplies. These factors contribute to the impoverishment of the small-scale fishing community and its decline into the vicious cycle of poverty. Also, they have limited access to tools and other sources of money that may aid them in escaping poverty. Hence, even if they tried, they couldn\u27t escape their predicament of poverty. As following objectives, we offered a number of government initiatives, additional revenue streams, and local infrastructure restoration
Feasibility of Fishing Business with Purse Seine in Gentuma, North Gorontalo, Indonesia
No full textThe Purse Seine becomes a fishing gear commonly used by fishermen in Gentuma, North Gorontalo. A business feasibility analysis needs to be carried out to assess business opportunities to consider whether the business is feasible to continue or not. The components analyzed include Payback Period, Revenue Cost Ratio, Break Even Point and Return on Investment. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of the business of fishing for purse boats in North Gorontalo Gentuma. This research is based on a case study on MV. Inka Mina 730 operating in Gentuma waters, North Gorontalo. Based on the calculation of financial analysis indicators on MV. Inka Mina 730, obtained profit/loss analysis results of Rp. 388,287,988, R/C Ratio obtained 1.46, Payback Period analysis results of 4,12 means that to return the investment value it takes an interval of 4,12 years, while the BEP value is Rp. 3.220,383,810, then also obtained a BEP (kg) value of 236,382 kg, and a ROI (Return on Investment) calculation of 24%. The purse seine fishing business in Gentuma, North Gorontalo, Indonesia is feasible and profitable based on the NPV, IRR, and B/C ratio, with return on capital included in the fast return on capital category
Exploring Fish Eating Habits: Factors Influencing Feeding Behavior in Tropical Fish
No full textFeeding behavior is the way fish find, select, and consume food. Understanding fish eating behavior is important to knowing the fulfillment of nutrition and optimal growth in fish. The purpose of writing this article is to determine the factors that influence eating behavior and to compare eating habits between different fish species. The writing method used is literature study, with stages of journal search, journal selection, journal analysis, and journal synthesis. Based on the review results of several relevant journals, it is known that the types of fish feed are divided into 3 categories: euryphagic (eats various types of food), stenophagic (eats types of food that are limited to the ecosystem), and monophagic (eats one specific type of food), while based on the food group they are grouped into the three categories are herbivores (eating plants and algae), carnivores (eating meat), and omnivores (eating everything). Factors that influence eating behavior include food availability, environmental conditions, the type of food, and the size of the fish. 
Importance of Carotenoids and Phytoestrogens in Gonad Maturity of Various Types of Fish
No full textAims: The purpose of this article is to examine the potential for adding combinations of carotenoids and phytoestrogen in their feed to the maturity of gonads of different kinds of fish. The method of writing used is the library study, with the journal search stages, journal selection, journal analysis, and journal synthesis. Based on the review of several related journals. The presence of carotenoids and of estrogen in the reproductive process of fish is highly profitable. The carotenoid compound, which is a provitamin a, will help in the development of oocytes primarily with the accumulation of vitellogenin and maintaining fatty acids in the oocytes. Meanwhile, the presence of phytogenic that have structures like endogenous estradiol will assist in synthesizing and producing vitellogenin in the liver. So the size of oocytes would accelerate and impact the rapid ripening of the fish. After a maximum Estrogen measure, a full-flesh-based phytoestrogen will act like a hoflavon to give a MIH signal to be received by the surface of oocyte then passes to the cytoplasm to encourage maturation promoting factor (MPF) that causes germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) to the fish\u27s egg. The presence of easily obtained carotenoids and phytoestrogen provided potential additives.
Conclusion: The combination of carotenoids and phytoestrogens in feed has the potential to make a considerable contribution to gonadal maturity and reproduction in fish
The Saddleback Deformity in Teleost Fish: Identification of a Unique Global Hotspot in Eastern Australia
No full textThe saddleback deformity, an abnormality of the dorsal fin and profile, lacking one to all of the dorsal spines, accompanied by shape, number and position abnormalities of associated pterygiophores, has been reported in teleosts under culture conditions and in the wild in many locations throughout the world, including North and South America, Asia, Australia, Europe, India and the Middle East. A unique global hotspot for saddleback deformities in wild teleosts is the southeast Queensland Australia coastal region between 26° S and 28° S. At this location the incidence of saddleback has been relatively stable but very high at about 10% of individual teleosts taken in the associated fishery since 1997. Opinions on causation have focused on two possibilities, a developmental defect associated with water pollution or a physical injury. The range of skeletal deformities is vastly different in cultured teleosts compared with those occurring in the wild. There is now mounting evidence that physical injury is causing saddleback in teleosts in southeast Queensland Australia. Such injury could be caused by predatory behaviour of piscivorous fish or birds, parasites, or escapement or release from fishing nets and other fishing gear. Population mortality rates associated with saddleback in southeast Queensland are unknown, but expected to be high. The high level of occurrence of saddleback in teleosts in southeast Queensland Australia together with the good understanding of their fisheries biology (age and growth rates, reproductive biology, habitat dependence) and stock assessments of the associated fisheries provide excellent opportunities for further research which would add to the scientific understanding of the saddleback deformity in teleosts throughout the world. A recommendation from this review is that support should be sought by research providers (universities and Government research agencies) from routine annual funding offers from the Australian and Queensland Governments to achieve an increase in the scientific understanding of the saddleback deformity
Response of Different Fish Species to Highly Saline Water under Desert Climate Condition - Finding Options for Local Food Security
No full textFresh water shortage is indeed a global issue that affects many areas of the world, including desert regions like the Thar Desert of Pakistan. Recurring droughts have badly affected the marginal communities of these areas. The desert has wide spread lenses of saline groundwater. There is a pressing need for exploring ways to use saline groundwater and identifying alternative sources of livelihood under the prevailing conditions. Therefore, a research study on saline aquaculture was conducted. Twenty fish fingerlings (40-50 g) of the varieties namely rahu labeo (locally kurh’rho), silver carp, mrigal carp (morakhi) and grass carp were stocked into the earthen fish pond. Saline groundwater having electrical conductivity (EC) between 8.5 - 9.0 dS/m was used to fill the pond. The overall yield of silver carp was the highest (1275 g/fish) followed by grass (1093 g/fish), mrigal carp (965 g/fish) and rahu labeo (610 g/fish). However, meal yield of grass variety was the highest followed by mrigal carp, silver and lowest of rahu labeo. Silver carp varieties had 330 g/fish of egg in their bodies. Hence, for the massive fingerling development, silver carp is recommended for saline aquaculture. However, for meal production and high economic return, grass carp should be selected for saline aqua-culturing
Seasonal Abundance and Distribution of Freshwater Snails in Different Beels of Gopalganj District, Bangladesh
No full textIn Bangladesh, there are thousands of beels (a natural deep depression) exist in different sizes. Most of these large beels have become shrunken quite considerably in recent decades. Those beels are the potential source of snails. Gopalganj district of Bangladesh has lots of beels from where people collect huge amount of Mollusca species from the time immemorial. At present, the abundance is decreasing drastically due to uncontrolled catch. The seasonal abundance and distribution of Mollusca species in selected beel areas has been studied to know the real scenario. Surveys was conducted at summer (May-June), rain (September-October) and winter (December-January) season year round based on the observations and sampling in each six points (each of 16m2 area per point) of a beel, As such six selected beels in each Upazila of Gopalganj district have been considered under study. Sampling was done with the help of Sieves (0.2 mm, 2.0 mm and 4.75 mm), Cast nets, small hand nets and hand-picking methods and count. In this study, five snail species were found throughout the survey period where Lomba shamuk (Lymnaea stagnalis) was exhibited the highest in number than others. The highest average number (600 no/16m2) of snail was found in Gopalganj sadar Upazila at rainy season and the species comprised of only lomba shamuk. In case of Chakti shamuk (Macrochlamys indica), the highest average number (519 no/16m2) was also found in Gopalganj sadar upazila at the same period. The abundance of average number of Ghecho shamuk (Lymnaea luteola) was found low for all studied Upazila and this species was totally absent in Muksudpur. These findings may help the concern authority to take proper decisions on meaningful steps. Ultimately these findings may help the nature from the extinction of Mollusca species
Economic Characteristics of the Fishing Society of Cangkol Village, Cirebon, Indonesia
No full textThe welfare of the fishing community in Cirebon City indicates that management and development are not equally distributed. The management and development carried out will not run optimally if there is no in-depth understanding of the characteristics of the regional community. This research aims to map economic characteristics, as well as to analyze the driving and inhibiting factors of the fishing community in Cangkol Village. The research was carried out in April–June 2023. The result showed that the average income of skipper fishermen was Rp. 3,288,195.83, while the average wage for crew members was Rp. 1,183,250.00/month. The fishing community in Cangkol Village are fishermen with a traditional fishing unit with a 3 GT boat, hand line fishing gear, and a one-day fishing system. The types of fish caught are Lutjanus rusellii, Diagramma melanacrum, Lutjanus bitaeniatus Cephalopholis boenack, Scombroides tala, and other fish. The caught fish market is a monopoly. Marketing of catches through two channels, namely through middlemen or directly to consumers with a door-to-door promotion system
Exploring the Impact of Probiotics on the Gut Ecosystem and Morpho-Histology in Fish: Current Knowledge of Tilapia
No full textAs global demand for fish as a food source continues to rise, addressing challenges within the aquaculture industry and meeting consumer needs becomes imperative. Enhancing fish growth and safeguarding against microbial pathogens are among these challenges. Understanding the intestinal microbiome holds promise for achieving these goals and benefiting the aquaculture sector with a particular focus on tilapia, which has gained increased attention in recent research. Probiotics, live microorganisms administered at appropriate levels, can foster a balanced gut microbiota in animals. This can yield advantages like pathogen defence, improved digestion, enhanced growth, and increased survival rates in Tilapia. Probiotics are emerging as tools to promote healthy intestinal environments in Tilapia and other fish species, with potential to positively influence gut structure, ecosystem, growth, and disease resistance. The dynamic interplay between tilapia and their intestinal microbiota has garnered significant attention, affecting tilapia\u27s health, performance, and overall well-being. This review compiles research findings on the influence of probiotics on tilapia intestinal ecosystems, morpho-histological structures, and enzymatic activities. It outlines their impact on gut microbiota composition in tilapia, demonstrating their ability to increase beneficial bacteria while reducing pathogenic strains. Probiotics can enhance intestinal morphology in tilapia, promoting villi development, goblet cell density, and mucous layer thickness. Additionally, they influence digestive enzyme activity in tilapia, resulting in improved nutrient absorption and tilapia growth. Although this field is continually evolving, the progress in deciphering probiotics\u27 complex interactions with tilapia guts underscores their potential benefits in advancing tilapia aquaculture practices