Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Analysis of Factors Affecting Fishermen’s Income in Darmaraja District, Sumedang Regency, Indonesia
No full textThis study aims to analyze the factors that affect the income of fishermen from the Jatigede Reservoir in Darmaraja District, Sumedang Regency. This research was conducted in Darmaraja District, Sumedang Regency. This research is descriptive quantitative with survey method. The sampling technique was accidental sampling, the samples obtained were 82 fishermen. Data collection using interview techniques with the help of questionnaires, and data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the factors that affect fishermen\u27s income are experience, capital, fish prices, and catches. Based on the results of partial analysis, the variables of experience, capital, fish prices, and catches have a significant effect on the income of fishermen in Darmaraja District. Simultaneously the experience and capital variables have no significant effect on fishermen\u27s income, while fish prices and catches have a significant effect on fishermen\u27s income in Darmaraja District. The coefficient of determination (R-Square) of 0.690 indicates that experience, capital, fish prices and catches can affect income by 69.0% while the remaining 31.0% is explained by other factors not included in this study
Some Physiological Parameters of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Juveniles fed Composite Insect Meal and Phyto-Additives in Cage Culture System
No full textA 70 days experiment was conducted to examine the effect of fishmeal substitution with defatted African palm weevil larvae supplemented with phyto-additives on the growth performance and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus juveniles. Seven diets were formulated containing 45% crude protein: control diet was formulated using fishmeal as the principal protein source, three individual diets were prepared using 17% each of fish meal and defatted African palm weevil larvae supplemented with Telfairia occidentalis, Corchorus olitorious and Cymbopogon citratus as phyto-additives. Another three individual diets were prepared using 17% each of fish meal and defatted African palm weevil larvae supplemented with a mixture of Telfaria occidentalis and Corchorus olitorious, Telfairia occidentalis and Cymbopogon citratus, and Corchorus olitorious and Cymbopogon citratus as phyto-additives making it a total of seven diets. A total of 450 juveniles of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was used for the experiment and distributed into 21 baskets embedded in a pond each containing 20(7.50±0.00-7.53±0.00 g/fish) fish. At the end of the feeding trial, the mean weight gain was significantly different (P>0.05) across the fish fed experimental diets. The fish fed with African palm weevil and Telfairia occidentalis as phyto-additives recorded the highest mean weight gain(95.66±25.64) percentage weight gain(91.77±2.14) compared to the other groups. The nutrient utilization indices such as feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency ratio were found to be better in fish fed African palm weevil compared with the CONTROL group. A significantly higher whole-body protein was recorded in fish fed African palm weevil and phyto-additives. From this study, it was concluded that processed African palm weevil larvae with phyto-additives especially Telfairia occidentalis can effectively replace fishmeal in the diet of Clarias gariepinus juveniles
Commonly Practiced Induced Breeding Techniques of Carp Species in Three Important Fish Hatcheries of Kurigram District, Bangladesh
No full textThe study was carried out to investigate the induced breeding practices and variations in effective hormone dosage used in induced breeding procedures in three different fish hatcheries of Kurigram District of Bangladesh. The hatcheries mainly produced carp fish seeds, including five native fish species such as Rui (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla), Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), Bata (Labeo bata), Punti (Puntius sarana) and four exotic fish species namely Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Exotic carps were the highest produced fish seeds (38%) in the Kurigram district, followed by major carps (35%), Bata (16%), Punti (6%) and others (5%). Three main types of inducing agents including PG (pituitary gland), HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and Ovupin (GnRHa injection) were used for induced spawning. The rate of 1st dose of injection of PG, HCG, and GnRHa varied from 0.5 to 2 mg/kg body weight, 100 to 200 IU/kg body weight, and GnRHa (only one dose) 0.2 to 0.4 ml/kg body weight, respectively. The rate of 2nd dose of injection of PG varied from 2 to 12 mg/kg body weight. The PG is usually primarily used for first and second doses; the ovulation period of different fish species varied between 12 to 72 hours, whereas the hatching rate ranged from 70% to 95%. Due to the variations in inducing agents and doses, different ovulation, fertilization, and hatching rates were observed
Comparative Survey of Parasites of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus in Ajiwa and Zobe Reservoirs in North-Western Nigeria
No full textAims: The aims of this survey were to isolate, identify, classify and compare parasitic infestation of Clarias gariepinus obtained from Ajiwa and Zobe reservoirs, Katsina state. Also to investigated the prevalence and infestation of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Ajiwa and Zobe reservoirs, Katsina.
Study Design: The research was conducted in Ajiwa and Zobe Reservoirs, Katsina State, Nigeria. The study was to compare the parasitic prevalence in Clarias gariepinus obtained from Ajiwa and Zobe reservoir. Three landing sites were selected from Ajiwa and Zobe reservoirs namely A, B, and C. landing site A water entrance, B middle of the water and C end of the reservoir. Five experimental fish samples were purchased from artisanal fisherman from three sample sites of Ajiwa and Zobe reservoirs for the duration of 6 months. Length and weight of fish samples were measured before parasite examination. Isolated parasite was identified using standard keys. Prevalence and incidence were analysed using descriptive statistic.
Place and Period of the Study: Fish samples were obtained from Ajiwa and Zobe reservoirs Katsina State. Live experimental fish samples were transported to the Biological Laboratory, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State in a plastic container filled with water for identification, before parasitic examination. Experimental samples of various sizes were sampled between June, 2020 and September, 2021.
Methodology: A total of 180 live fish samples of males and females Clarias gariepinus; were randomly obtained from Ajiwa and Zobe Reservoirs. Experimental samples were range between 10.0-15.0cm fry, 15.1-20.0cm fingerlings, 20.0-25.0cm juveniles and 21.0-30.0cm adults. The skin, the gastrointestinal tract of the fish was examined for the presence of parasite, using standard procedures. Examination of the gastrointestinal parasites was done using light microscope for exposure of parasitic worm’s presences. The different experimental fish samples were cut separately to expose the gastrointestinal area. The stomach and intestine region tract were cut off and divided into two portions comprising of the intestine and stomach. The stomach and intestine region was used for worms examination subsequently this is where sustenance is record abundant for the parasitic fauna. Investigation of the skin, fins and gills was done using hand lens for exposure of parasitic appearances. Gills were successively cut out and inserted into isolated petri dishes and detected with a hand lens for parasites identification.
Results: The prevalence in female specimens of C. gariepinus 29 (58.00%) was higher than that of the males 20 (50.00%) in Ajiwa reservoir while in Zobe the prevalence in male specimens of C. gariepinus 22 (46.80%) was higher than that of the females 20 (46.52%). Occurrence and mean intensity of parasitic infection were higher in samples in the Zobe reservoir than those in the Ajiwa reservoir.
Conclusion: The study displayed that the parasitic burdens were higher in C. gariepinus in Zobe environment compared to those obtained from Ajiwa environment. For that reason it was suggested that the stomach and intestinal tract collected from C. gariepinus from the survey region, have to be properly discarded instead of consumption to prevent the spread of infections from fish to human being. It is significant to regulate discharge of waste a round water bodies that will reduce possible actions that may backing a growth in parasitic worms in the environs
Physical and Chemical Variables of Freshwater Swamp Ponds of Engenni, Ahoada-West, Niger Delta, Nigeria
No full textThe Physical and chemical quality of natural water is essential for the life of aquatic organisms. This study was aimed at investigating the physical and chemical parameters of eight (8) local swamp ponds in the freshwater swamp of Engenni. Physical and chemical parameters of the freshwater swamp ponds were monitored over a period of three months (February-April 2019), During this period, Temperature (℃), Dissolved Oxygen (DO, mg/l), pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC:µs/cm), Total dissolved solids (TDS, mg/l), Salinity (‰), Turbidity (NTU) and Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were measured in situ. Temperature values did not vary significantly across stations. DO values ranged between 0.55 ± 0.01mg/l and 0.95 ± 0.02mg/l, which was consistently lower than the 5mg/l prescribed to sustain fish health. pH values ranged from 6.17 ± 0.01 to 6.56 ± 0.01, indicating that the ponds were marginally acidic. Range values for EC (46.60 ± 0.10µs/cm to 156.57 ± 0.06µs/cm) and TDS (30.13 ± 0.12mg/l to 104.07mg/l ± 0.12mg/l) followed the same pattern as they were both highest and lowest in stations V and VII respectively. Salinity values of 0.02 ± 0.01‰ to 0.06 ± 0.0‰ across all stations was indicative of a typical freshwater environment. Turbidity was highest at station VIII. The result obtained from this research suggests that these swamp ponds are capable of sustaining life in the aquatic ecosystem, but only fish species that are low oxygen tolerant may survive in them
Physical Characteristics Content Evaluation of Feed Containing Termite as a Potential Alternative for Fish Feed
No full textTermite flour is very promising as a raw material for snakehead feed to substitute fish meals. The good raw material and composition will produce quality artificial feed with a high level of water stability, preferred and safe for fish. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of snakehead feed at various levels of substitution of fish meal with termites based on physical tests. The treatments given were the subtitution 0, 9, 6, 12% of fish meal with termite flour. The feed physical test results include water stability, homogeneity level, bouyancy, attractability, and storability. The results showed that the substitution of fish meal with termite flour was able to maintain water stability for more than 24 hours, the level of feed homogeneity was quite uniform in all treatments, the pungent aroma of feed preferred by snakehead was proven by the results of the feed allureness test which showed that the feed was eaten by snakehead in less than 5 seconds. The test results showed that the level of substitution of fish meal with termite flour with different levels resulted in feed with relatively the same quality in all treatments
Reproductive Biology of Pialy Fish, Aspidoparia jaya (Hamilton, 1822) in Bangladesh
No full textA study to investigate the reproductive biology of Aspidoparia jaya was conducted in Bangladesh where a total of 80 fish samples were collected on monthly basis from Atrai River and Jamuna River during the period from January 2022 to December 2022. The highest values of the gonado-somatic index (GSI) was recorded in July (11.37±1.75%) and January (9.55±1.35%), whereas highest individual fecundity of 6990±1280 and 5755±1050 and ova diameter of 0.55±0.05 and 0.52±0.03 mm, respectively were also observed during these months. From the histological observation of the ovary, seven different stages of occytes were identified where highest percentage of mature oocytes was observed in July and January. Based on the GSI, fecundity, and gonadal histology, two breeding season of A. jaya was observed from May to August and from December to late January with a remarkable peak in July and January. In case of length weight relationship (LWR), the coefficient of determination value (r2) was found 0.95 and slope was found b= 2.02 which indicated the negative allometric growth pattern of this species as b<3. In contrast, an increase was recorded in the fecundity associated with the rise of total length, body weight, and gonad weight, showed a significant linear relationship. This study would assist in the development of induced breeding techniques and provide valuable information for the sustainable management of this population in the inland open ecosystem
Pisciculture and Fish Parts as Non-clinical Source of CTX-M and TEM Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamases Producing Escherichia coli in Southeastern Nigeria
No full textBackground and Objectives: Antimicrobial agent use in pisciculture exerts a selective pressure, resulting in a reservoirs of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in the aquatic environment. Here we screened pisciculture and fish parts as non-clinical source of CTX-M and TEM Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in Southeastern Nigeria
Methodology: A total of sixty fish parts [fish gills, body part and intestinal swab samples] were collected from pisciculture farm A, C, F and G within Abakaliki metropolis. The samples were bacteriologically analyzed using standard microbiological techniques for isolation and identification. ESBL enzymes were phenotypically detected in E. coli, isolates using the double disk diffusion technique. The presence of TEM and CTX-M genes was determined by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers.
Results: Escherichia coli and Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli accounted for overall occurrence rate of 27(45.0 %) and 17(28.3 %) respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of Escherichia coli and ESBL-E. coli among the different samples P>0.05. The presence of TEM and CTX-M gene 80 % and 100 % respectively were confirmed among the isolates.
Conclusion: Our findings reports the presence of ESBL gene in pisciculture and fish parts and it is important in understanding the mechanism of resistance operating in these common pathogens, which are also endemic in most pisciculture area. Strict rules and monitoring/surveillance of antimicrobial agent used in pisciculture activities combined with food safety training of farmer owners/breeders on various aspects of good hygiene practices are strongly recommended
Population Dynamics and Exploitation Level of Stolothrissa tanganicae Regan, 1917 and Limnothrissa miodon (Boulenger, 1906), Two Clupeid Fish Species of Commercial Interest of Burundian Waters Northeast of Lake Tanganyika
No full textAims: Show exploitation level and propose rational management measures of the two clupeid-fish species of commercial interest, Stolothrissa tanganicae and Limnothrissa miodon
Study Design: Modeling the demography of clupeid fishes of Lake Tanganyika.
Place and Duration of Study: Two stations (Kajaga and Nyamugari) situated in the northern part of Lake Tanganyika on the Burundian coast from December 2019 to April 2020.
Methodology: Monthly fish sampling was done with local fishermen Demographic parameters were determined according to the Von Bertalanffy growth model using size frequency distributions based on total length. Excel 2013 and FAO-ICLARM. Stock Assessment Tools (FiSAT II version 1.2.2 software).
Results: The values of the growth parameters obtained for each of the two species are close at the level of the two stations. For S. tanganicae, we have L∞= 135 mm and 118 m and K=0.94 yr-1 and 0.99 yr-1 respectively at Kajaga and Nyamugari. For L. miodon, we have L∞= 148 mm and 132 m and K=1.04 yr-1 and 0.92 yr-1 respectively at Kajaga and Nyamugari. The Ø\u27 values obtained are high and vary from 4.14 to 4.58 depending on the species and the stations: For S. tanganicae, higher Ø\u27 was recorded at Kajaga (Ø\u27= 4.23). In L. miodon, it was observed at Nyamugari (Ø’=4.58). M oscillate around 1 (M varies from 1.08 to 1.17 year-1) for the two species at two stations. F is high everywhere and varies from 3.03 to 6.49 yr-1 depending on the species and the stations. Both species are overexploited : 0.73<E<0.86, so E is close to 1. Small-sized individuals dominate catches: minimum sizes are between 24 and 30 and 42 and 54 mm respectively in L. miodon and in S. tanganicae.
Both the fish species adapt well to their environments (the values of Ø\u27 are very high).
Conclusion: Both species of fish adapt well to their environments (the values of Ø\u27 are very high). Given their overexploitation, the existing rational management measures must be strengthened and rigorously applied
Reproductive Success of Intra-specific Hybridization between Two Strains of Clarias gariepinus from Katsina-ala and Gboko, North East, Nigeria
No full textThe intra-specific hybridization investigation was carried out at the Federal University Wukari, Fisheries and Aquaculture research farm. Clarias gariepinus broodstock was obtained from Katsina-Ala and Gboko in order to investigate the reproductive success among the inbred and crossbred individuals. Data on reproductive success (fertilization, hatchability, and survival), and the frequency of shooters were acquired. The result showed that the crossbreds of ♂G x ♀K had a greater percentage fertilization of 66.3% than ♂K x ♀G (62.03%). Inbred of ♂K x ♀K and ♂G x ♀G showed higher hatchability of 80.24% and 73.47%, respectively, whereas their crosses showed no significant difference. Because there is no statistically significant difference in survival at initial feeding between inbred and crossbred, the inbred performed better at the advanced fry stage. The frequency of shooters was higher in inbred of ♂G x ♀G with 4% and crossbred of ♂K x ♀G with 3.6%, while the inbred of ♂K x ♀K has a lower value of 3.4% and crossbred of ♂G x ♀K with 3.0%. Katsina-Ala (♂K x ♀K) inbred produced the best results. As a result, broodstock selection and management are critical in avoiding the prevalence of unfavorable traits in C. gariepinus for Aquaculture