Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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The use of Fermented Feed on the Growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): A Review
No full textFeed is the most important factor that must be considered for fish growth. Feed is also an important factor and affects the survival and growth of fish. The growth of tilapia is very dependent on physical and chemical influences and their interactions. Tilapia fish are included in omnivorous fish or all-eating. These fish can breed with a variety of foods, both animals and plants. Tilapia when it is still in the form of seeds, its food is plankton and moss, while when it is an adult, it can be given additional food in the form of artificial feed. The purpose of this study was to find out how the use of fermented feed on the growth of tilapia and the addition of fermented doses of 2% to 6%. The method used is a descriptive exploratory method from various previous research literature, both from national journals and international journals: Research Gate, Directory of Open Access Journals and Google Scholar. Fermentation is microbial activity in food to produce the desired product. Microbes that are generally involved in fermentation are bacteria, yeast and mold. Fermentation will simplify the particles in the feed ingredients so that it will increase the nutritional value of the feed. The results of the addition of fermentation to feed greatly affect the growth of tilapia with research giving doses of 2 to 6% fermented products with the highest growth, FCR and survival
Probiotic Bacteria in Gastro-Intestinal Tract of Hybrid Catfish Fed Insect Protein Meal
No full textThe evaluations of insects’ protein as viable alternative protein source in fish diets are gaining more attention revealing that the protein has more comparative advantage than other protein sources. Therefore, this study was conducted to isolate and identify (using phylotypic and genotypic methods) bacteria isolates in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of African hybrid catfish fed supplemented grasshopper meal. Four feeding diets were adopted in this study; Diet A (conventional feed), Diet B (100% Grasshopper meal), Diet C (50% fishmeal and 50% Grasshopper meal) and Diet D (100% Fish meal). At the end of the 12- week experimental period, the fish were sacrificed for their GIT contents to determine bacteria diversity. In the catfish fed diet A, the bacteria isolates identified were Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterobacter aerogene, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli, Leuconostoc latis and Klebsella pneumonia. In catfish fed diet B, Bacillus subtilis, Lactococcus bulgaricus, Lysinibacillus macroides, Lysinibacillus capsici, Stenotrophomonas pavanii and Lysinibacillus sp were isolated. Similarly, the fish fed diet C recorded the presence of Bacillus subtilis, Lactococcus bulgaricus, Lysinibacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Lysinibacillus macroides, Stenotrophomonas pavanii and Enterobacter aerogene. The bacteria isolated in the GIT of fish fed diet D were Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pedicoccus acidilactis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Leuconostoc latis and Shigella flexneri. Probiotic bacteria were more in fish fed with diets B and C, an indication that the different ratio of supplemented grasshopper meal is good for the fish, as they have the potentials to boost the fish immune system and improve the microbial balance of its gastro-intestinal tract
Strengthening Local Community in Mangrove Ecotourism at Pangandaran, West Java Province, Indonesia
No full textThis research aims to analyze Strengthening Local Community in Mangrove Ecotourism at Pangandaran, West Java Province, Indonesia. This research period was conducted in June - November 2022 Local Community in Mangrove Ecotourism at Pangandaran, West Java Province, Indonesia. The data used in this research are primary and secondary data. This research used a case study method with direct interviews using a questionnaire with ranting to scale. The sampling method used is purposive sampling method. The number of respondents in this research were 40 respondents. Analysis tool used SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat). Based on research results strengthening local community in mangrove ecotourism at Pangandaran, West Java Province, Indonesia in quadrant I, then produces a strategy of strengths – opportunities (S-O), strategy showed that strength can take advantage of existing opportunities; (1) increasing public awareness of the importance of mangrove ecosystems as habitats and producers in the food chain for fish, shrimp and mollusk species; (2) mangroves are able to withstand and slow down currents and waves; (3) the marine ecosystem will be protected so that it does not mix with the mud, this is because mangrove plants have the ability to deposit mud; (4) it has an economic function as a natural tourist attraction which attracts tourists; (5) education is needed for the surrounding community and tourists who come to visit regarding the role of mangrove ecosystems in coastal areas. Based on the results of the research can be recommended Mangrove ecotourism is seen as synergizing with the conservation of fisheries and marine resource ecosystems by applying local wisdom in the community. The development of mangrove ecotourism is an effort to utilize environmental services from coastal areas sustainable by involving local institutions that aim to have socio-economic and cultural values for the community
Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Mobula sp. in Cilacap Using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) Markers
No full textDevil rays (Mobula sp.) are in an endangered status, so conservation measures are needed. One of the first steps is to identify the level of genetic diversity. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of mobula in Cilacap based on DNA bands of RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) polymorphism genetic markers. This research was conducted in September 2021 – June 2022. Sampling was carried out at PPS Cilacap and molecular analysis was carried out at the Biotechnology Laboratory building 3, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The research procedure began with preservation of the devil rays (Mobula sp.) sample, isolation of sample DNA, electrophoresis of isolated DNA results, calculating DNA purity, DNA amplification, electrophoresis of DNA amplification results, and data processing and analysis. DNA isolation was carried out using the Promega Kit method. The electrophoretic results of DNA isolation from the three mobula rays samples showed quite good results. Band samples CIL 10 and CIL 9 looked thick and did not smear, while C13 produced bands and there was a visible smear. The results of calculating the purity of DNA isolated from mobula rays CIL 9, CIL 10, CIL 13 have a purity value of 1.94, 1.96, 1.80. Results The highest concentration of DNA was CIL-13 sample with a value of 452.90 ng/μL while the lowest concentration was CIL-10 which was 419.90 OPE-01 resulting in 10 out of 20 visualized polymorphic bands. The similarity index of CIL-9 to CIL-10 in the OPE-01 primer was 40% while the similarity index of CIL-9 and CIL 10 to CIL-13 was 35%. The average similarity index shows that the genetic diversity of the Mobula species is moderate. Morphologically, CIL-09 is a species of Mobula thrustoni, CIL 10 is a species of Mobula mobular, and CIL-13 is a species of Mobula tarapacana. CIL-9 (M. thrustoni) has a closer similarity index to CIL-10 (M. mobular) than CIL-13 (M. tarapacana). OPE-01 primer is good for analyzing diversity in mobula rays (Mobula sp.). OPE-01 has 10 out of 20 visualized polymorphic bands
The Effect of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Feeding on the Growth of Mutiara Catfish Seeds (Clarias gariepinus)
No full textAims: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of feeding in the form of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) to increase the growth of the (Clarias gariepinus) mutiara catfish seeds.
Study Design: This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and four replications. The treatments are a combination of commercial feed and maggots consisting of A (control, 100% commercial feed), B (75% commercial feed + 25% dry maggot), C (50% commercial feed + 50% dry maggot) and D (100 % dry maggot).
Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted from August 2022 to September 2022 at the Cipancuh Fish Seed Center, Indramayu Regency. Mutiara catfish seeds were obtained from the Cipancuh Fish Seed Center, commercial feed and dried maggot were obtained from online stores whose quality was guaranteed.
Methodology: The parameters observed in this study were survival, specific growth rate and water quality. The water quality observed included temperature, pH, DO and ammonia levels. Mutiara catfish fry were maintained for 40 days by feeding them three times a day. Length data collection and survival value are carried out every ten days as well as water quality testing using certain tools.
Results: The results showed that the combination of commercial feed and dry maggot had an effect on the specific length growth rate and survival of mutiara catfish seeds. the combination of 50% commercial feed and 50% dry maggot produced the highest specific length growth rate of 16.19%, 75% commercial feed and 25% dry maggot produced a specific length growth rate of 13.36%, with 100% commercial feed % resulted in a specific growth rate of 11.83% and by feeding 100% dry maggot produced the lowest growth rate of 8.03%. The highest survival rate was in treatment D by feeding 100% dry maggot with a value of 91%, the survival rate in the treatment given a combination of 50% commercial feed and 50% dry maggot resulted in a value of 84%, with 75% commercial feeding and maggot dry 25% resulted in a survival rate of 79.50% and the lowest survival rate at 100% commercial feeding was 78.50%. the water quality of the maintenance media is in accordance with the effective requirements for the maintenance of SNI mutiara catfish seeds.
Conclusion: Giving a combination of 50% commercial feed and 50% dry maggot resulted in the highest specific length growth rate of 16.19%. The highest survival rate of mutiara catfish seeds was obtained by feeding 100% dry maggot, which was 91%
Productivity Analysis of Fish Farming in Floating Net Cages in Lake Toba (Case Study in Pangururan Subdistrict, Samosir District, Indonesia)
No full textLake Toba has fishery potential that needs to be managed properly, one of which is the use of Lake Toba for fish farming with floating net cage systems. This study aims to analyze the productivity of carp and tilapia aquaculture on the floating net cages system in Lake Toba, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Province and what factors affect productivity, This research was conducted from June 2022 to January 2023 in Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Province using the case study method. Respondents in this study were 60 carp and tilapia farmers. The data collected were primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed using productivity analysis with Microsoft Office Excel 2010, while multiple linear regression analysis was analyzed using the 2019 minitab program. The results of the analysis show that the average value of carp productivity is 22.32 kg/m3/season, this value is higher than the value of tilapia productivity which has a value of 17.2 kg/m3. The results of multiple linear regression statistical tests obtained factors that affect the productivity of floating net cages carp farming on Lake Toba, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Province are feed and pond volume, while the factors that affect the productivity of floating net cages tilapia farming on Lake Toba, Pangururan District, Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Province are seeds, feed, pond volume, and age of cultivators
Analysis of the Community Structure of Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in Roraima Fluvial Systems, Amazon – Brazil
No full textThe State of Roraima (Amazon - Brazil) is considered well-preserved from an environmental point of view, sheltering a great variety of rivers and forest and “cerrado” streams, with white (muddy), black and clear waters. From the identification of the planktonic community of diatoms, ecological indices and statistical analyzes were applied in order to determine the degree of abundance and species richness among the different ecosystems in the region. Qualitative and quantitative samples of phytoplankton were obtained during periods of low water (December to March), as well as measurements and analyzes of limnological parameters: water temperature (ºC), pH, dissolved oxygen (mg/L), oxygen saturation (%), transparency (m), total dissolved ions Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+ and Cl-, total P and N (mg/L) and Chlorophyll-a (µg/L). A total of 172 plankton samples from 43 sampling points (20 in rivers and 23 in streams) were carried out. The low water period was characterized by slightly acidic to neutral pH, with low transparency and variations in conductivity and concentration of the ionic composition. The results indicated similarity in diatom composition between rivers and streams, with little heterogeneity in “cerrado” streams. Considering climate oscillation and spatial distribution, the PCA highlighted the parameters conductivity, dissolved ions, total P and chlorophyll-a as preponderant to explain the behavior observed in the distribution of communities. For three components, the cumulative explanation was 68.6%. The ecological indices of richness and diversity indicated high similarity between rivers and streams, with good stability, homogeneity and ecological diversity for bacillariophytic diatoms. There were, however, some areas that, depending on the type of water and ionic concentration, showed some divergence in the composition of the diatom community. As environmental indicators, the diatoms showed that the water quality in the region is well-preserved, without eutrophication signals
The Performance of L-Theanine as an Immunosimulant to Reduce Stress Levels in Motivant Fish (Helostoma temminkii)
No full textFarmed fish that are stressed are susceptible to various diseases that will affect their health, thereby reducing their reproductive abilities. Immunostimulants are substances that can enhance or stimulate the fish\u27s immune system by interacting directly with cells that activate the immune system. The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of L-theanine as an immunostimulant to reduce stress levels in monkfish. This research was conducted at the Wet Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Maritime Affairs, Lambung Mangkurat University, South Kalimantan Province. The treatment that will be given is as follows, namely Treatment A with feed added at a dose of L-Theanine 0 mg/kg. Treatment B feed was added with a dose of L-Theanine 300 mg/Kg. Treatment C was supplemented with a dose of L-Theanine 600 mg/Kg. Treatment D was supplemented with a dose of L-Theanine 900 mg/kg. The observed haematological conditions were hematocrit, erythrocytes and blood glucose. The addition of feed with a dose of L-Theanine 300 mg/kg was able to maintain immunostimulants to reduce stress levels in animal fish according to hematological measurements in the form of hematocrit, erythrocytes and blood glucose
Productivity Analysis of Tilapia Farming in the Pond of Lengkong Kulon Village, Sindangwangi District, Majalengka Regency, Indonesia
No full textThis research aims to analyze the productivity of tilapia aquaculture in Lengkong Kulon Village. The research was carried out from January 2023 to March 2023 in Lengkong Kulon Village, Sindangwangi District, Majalengka Regency. The method used is the survey method. Sampling using the purposive sampling technique was analyzed with quantitative descriptive. The total sample of farmers was 30 respondents. Tilapia Farming in Lengkong Kulon Village has not been maximal in applying good fish farming methods principles, based on 17 good fish farming methods suitability criteria there are 9 suitable criteria and 8 inappropriate criteria. The average value of productivity in the land area obtained is 7,52 Kg/year/m2. This value is still low, so it is necessary to increase productivity by improving the quality of seeds and feed according to good fish farming methods principles
Influence of Different Temperatures and Sexes on the Survival and Stress Responses of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)
No full textThis study was conducted to assess the influence of different water temperature ranges and sexes on the stress response of Nile tilapia. Sixteen proactive males and sixteen proactive female fish were used in the study. There were eight combinations of factors, and each combination was replicated four times. Changes in eye color pattern (ECP), ventilation rate (VR), and skin color of the fish were monitored after reaching the treatment temperature of the environment. Mortality of fish was also monitored. Results showed that the ECP of fish was significantly (P<0.01) affected by water temperature and sex of fish. Similarly, VR of fish was also significantly (P<0.01) affected by water temperature and sex of fish. Decreased dissolved oxygen (DO) was observed in increasing water temperature which may have also contributed to the stress response of Nile tilapia besides the increasing water temperature. Two out of four fish in T4M died after 6-12 hours of exposure while in T4F three out of four fish died after 2-4 hours. There was a decrease in the final weight of fish in all combinations of factors. On body color, both male and female fish exposed to increasing water temperatures exhibited an intense body color (presence of vertical stripes). From the results of this study, male fish had significantly lower (P<0.01) ECP scores and VR values than female fish when exposed to different ranges of water temperature. Likewise, male fish exposed to high temperatures (39-40°C) survived longer than female fish. Therefore, it can be concluded that male fish are more tolerant to increasing water temperature up to 37°C than female fish since males can easily cope with stress