Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research
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Assessment of Glyphosate Roundup Turbo (450 g/l) on Haemato-biochemical Indices of Freshwater African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Fingerlings
No full textThe escalating use of glyphosate-based herbicides in agricultural practices has sparked concerns regarding their potential ecological impact. This study undertakes a comprehensive investigation into the acute ecotoxicological effects of a brand-new glyphosate (Roundup Turbo 450 g/l) on haematology and biochemical indices of Clarias gariepinus a commercially vital fish species in Nigeria. Fish were exposed to 0.0 as control, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.2 mg/l glyphosate for 96 hours in the laboratory. Water quality parameters monitored were temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen electrical conductivity, nitrate and nitrite. The blood, liver and gills were extracted and analyzed. Haematological and biochemical analyses revealed significant changes (P < 0.05) as concentration increases. The decrease in red blood cell, pack cell volume, haemaglobin and white blood cell was indicative of glyphosate-induced hematotoxicity. Biochemical analyses disclosed alterations in enzymatic activities within liver and gill tissues, including significant increase in alanine aminotransaminases, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, suggesting hepatic and branchial dysfunction and decrease in total protein, globulin and albumin, showing enhanced disruption in protein synthesis. Glucose and albumin in liver were not detected. Behavioral observations indicated the fish heightened stress response, characterized by erratic swimming patterns, increased agitation, equilibrium loss, hyperactivity and skin erosion. The 96-hour LC50 value for this study was 2.50 mg/l and it highlights glyphosate roundup turbo’s potential to exert detrimental effects on Clarias gariepinus populations. These findings underscore the imperative for sustainable agricultural practices, judicious pesticide management, and rigorous environmental monitoring to mitigate the ecological risks associated with glyphosate use
Effect of Dietary Lipid on Growth Performance and Body Composition of Thai Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792)
No full textAn experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary lipid in a practical diet on the growth performance, body composition, and production of Thai climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). The experiment was conducted in six ponds for 100 days (mean area 0.0020 hectares and water depth of 1.5m) at the field laboratory of Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi. Feed formulation was performed with basal diet and a different concentration of lipid (soybean oil), considering the nutritional balance of the diets. Three different experimental diets were prepared containing soybean oil 0% (T1), 5% (T2), and 10 % (T3). At the time of rearing experiment, some water quality parameters like temperature, pH, DO and CO2 were monitored. After rearing, growth performance was analyzed. All the water quality parameters were found within suitable limits. The final weight, weight gain, and SGR of fish were found to be significantly higher (P<.05) in the treatment group T3 than in the fish group T2 and T1. The FCR value was significantly lower inT3 (1.83±0.02) than in the T1 (2.43±0.13) fish group. The yield was significantly higher in T3 (7046.48±25.57 kg/ha) fish group than other groups. The body composition of whole fish was significantly different among the treatments. Lipid content was higher in T3 (6.01±0.19) rather than inT2 (5.78±0.17) and T1 (5.05±0.14). Recent findings suggest that incorporating 10% soybean oil into a typical diet may be optimal for pond-based Thai climbing perch culture
Assessment of Cypermethrin-Induced Toxicity on Blood Parameters and Behavior in the Air-Breathing Fish Anabas testudineus (Bloch)
No full textPesticides are frequently used by farmers to control the pest in the agriculture fields which directly affecting the aquatic ecosystem including fishes. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the toxicity of Cypermethrin (25% EC) a common synthetic pyrethroid pesticide frequently used in agriculture fields, in a fresh water air breathing fish Anabas testudineus in laboratory condition. The fishes were exposed to different concentration of cypermethrin and LC50 (3.2 ppm) was evaluated. Experimental fishes were exposed to different sublethal concentration (1/10 & 1/50th of LC50 value). For the duration of 15th, 30th and 45 days respectively to determine some haematological parameters (RBC and WBC count, Hb percentage, PCV value). The impact was evaluated using comparative data between control and experimental groups of fishes. The RBC and WBC count, Hb percentage and PCV value were found significantly decrease (P< 0.05) in compare to control group. During exposure of Cypermethrin, some behavioural alterations such as restlessness, erratic movement, hyperactivity etc were also recorded in the exposed fishes. This was the effect of stress caused due to sudden change in the habitat or may be due to inactivation of specific enzyme acetylcholinesterase activity
Current Trends and Usage Patterns of Aqua Drugs and Chemicals in Pond-Based Freshwater Aquaculture: A Comprehensive Study at Rajshahi District of Bangladesh
No full textAims: This study aimed to explore the current usage of aquatic drugs and chemicals in freshwater aquaculture practices within the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in three upazilas, including Tanore, Durgapur, and Paba, within the district of Rajshahi in Bangladesh, over the period from March to August 2023.
Methodology: Data was gathered through face-to-face interviews using questionnaires with relevant stakeholders, including 60 fish farmers, 25 chemical vendors, and representatives and 15 technical service officers from various feed and aqua-pharmaceutical companies.
Results: Carp polyculture was the predominant aquaculture system observed in the investigated region, where different types of aqua drugs and chemicals were recognized as being used by fish farmers for various purposes, including managing water quality, disinfection, enhancing dissolved oxygen, treating diseases, promoting growth, and eliminating toxic gas. Several pharmaceutical companies were identified to supply approximately 140 aqua medications and chemicals under various trade names. In the study area, Lime, Geolite gold, Timsen, and Pathonil were the most widely used chemicals used for maintaining water quality and disinfecting the pond. Fish farmers used 16 several branded oxygen enhancers, mostly Oxy More, ACI-Ox, Oxy Life, Oxy Max. Among the 16 branded antibiotics identified, Renamycin, Ciproflox, Oxysenthin-20%, and Ranamox were extensively used by fish farmers. As probiotics, Pond Care, Eco-Pond, Profs, Aqua Life, and Safe Gut; and as growth promoters, Aqua Boost, Megavit Aqua, Rena Fish, and Eon Fish Grower were most commonly used. In addition, 12 obnoxious gas removers and other pesticides were found to be applied in fish ponds.
Conclusion: The use of chemicals in aquaculture is expanding rapidly in the Rajshahi region. Most of the farmers have a limited understanding of how to use aqua drugs and the appropriate withdrawal period, which could negatively impact both fish and human health
Growth Performance of African Mud Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fed Fish Oil-Based Diets
No full textFish oil in appropriate variation in the diet of Clarias gariepinus has not been fully exploited. This study evaluated growth performance of Clarias gariepinus fed fish oil-based diets for 10 weeks (70 days). Four diets containing 40% crude protein were formulated to contain 0% fish oil (0%FO) control, 3% fish oil (3%FO), 6% fish oil (6%FO) and 9% fish oil (9%FO) respectively. Feeding of the fish was done twice in a day at 5% body weight. The feeding ration was adjusted bi-weekly based on the weight gain. The growth parameters, such as, total weight gain (g), mean weight gain (g), specific growth rate (%), were considered and calculated using standard methods. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P<0.05) using Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that there were significant differences (P <0.05) in the growth parameters of fish fed fish oil-based diets in comparison to the 0%FO fed group. It was recorded that fish fed 3%FO had the highest (325.00±1.15g) final weight gain; followed closely by the 0%FO fed group (310.00±1.15g) and the lowest mean value (237.00±0.001g) was observed in fish fed 9%FO. Water quality parameters recorded no significant (P >0.05) differences in the treatments. The addition of fish oil in fish feed formulation as an alternative for vegetable oil at 3% inclusion, increased the growth performance of C. gariepinus. Therefore, these findings suggested that fish oil, often considered waste during fish smoking processing, is a valuable resource in fish feed formulation due to its nutritional quality and the sustainable utilization of this product should be encouraged
Cluster-based Shrimp Farming in Digholia, Khulna: A Case Study on Galda (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii) Culture
No full textThis study examines a cluster-based shrimp farming initiative implemented under the Sustainable Coastal and Marine Fisheries Project (SCMFP) in Digholia Upazila, Khulna. The project aimed to enhance rural livelihoods and promote women’s empowerment through the cultivation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Galda shrimp). Five clusters were established, each consisting of 25 farmers, with at least 20% female participation. Individual ponds were constructed adjacently within each cluster to promote coordination, input sharing, and community-based biosecurity practices.The four-month culture cycle yielded high survival rates and growth performance. Farmers maintained water quality through regular testing, probiotic application, and adherence to recommended pH levels of 7.5–8.5. Co-culture with carp improved pond ecology by reducing organic waste and algae growth. Comprehensive training provided by SCMFP experts focused on pond preparation, nursery management, disease prevention, and feed application. Financial literacy modules helped farmers develop business plans, manage input costs, and improve credit access. Women participated actively in feeding, record-keeping, and water testing, contributing to productivity and gaining confidence in farm management. The cluster approach enabled centralized procurement of inputs such as post-larvae, feed, and lime, reducing costs and ensuring timely distribution. Collective problem-solving and synchronized operations improved disease management and harvest planning. Institutional support through regular monitoring and advisory visits by SCMFP officials further strengthened implementation. Marketing was enhanced through training in shrimp grading and buyer negotiation. Coordinated harvesting allowed steady market supply and better pricing. Some women assumed leadership in organizing sales and managing buyer interactions
Impacts of Climate Change on Nigeria’s Blue Economy: A Review of Vulnerability and Resilience
No full textThis study assessed the vulnerability and resilience of Nigeria blue economy threatened by climate change. Nigeria\u27s blue economy include industries like seafood processing and marine biotechnology as well as activities directly associated to the country\u27s coastline and marine resources, including offshore oil and gas, fishing, shipping, tourism, and ocean energy which account for >60% of maritime GDP. The paper notes that Nigeria\u27s blue economy goal aligns with international aspirations, for instance, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 14) promotes sustainable utilization and conservation of marine resources. The paper discusses the resilience strategies employed to mitigate climate change such as limiting greenhouse gas emissions, sustainable fisheries management practices, conservation and restoration of coastal ecosystems, investing in research and monitoring programs. Nigeria\u27s legal framework for marine governance, which contains rules intended to strengthen its commitment to responsible maritime practices, is also highlighted in the study. The paper concludes by emphasizing the necessity of government action, resource distribution for sustainable blue projects, and innovative policymaking that reflects the values of fair access, economic growth, and environmental protection
Influence of Feed Dose and Stocking Density on the Growth and Survival of Amphiprion ocellaris in the Presence of Sea Anemones
No full textThe selling price of Amphiprion ocellaris clownfish varies where the selling price will increase according to the size of the body and its quality. The optimal stocking density of Amphiprion ocellaris clownfish in its maintenance is not yet known and the high price of feed is also a problem. This research was conducted in February-March 2025 at the Lombok Marine Aquaculture Fisheries Center (BPBL), Gili Genting Hamlet, West Sekotong Village, Sekotong District, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The method used in this study was an experimental method using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the feed dosage factor (3% and 5%) and the stocking density factor (0.5/L, 1/L, 1.5/L). This study consisted of 6 treatments and 3 replicates so that 18 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that feed dose and stocking density had a significant effect on the research parameters, while their interaction did not have a significant effect. While the research parameters of feed utilization efficiency were not significant from the effect of feed doses and their interactions, and survival was not significant from the effect of feed doses, stocking density and their interactions. Water quality during the study was pH 7.9-8.1, dissolved oxygen 5.8-64 mg/L, and temperature 28-30oC. Feed dose of 5% and stocking density of 0.5 fish/L were able to increase the growth of clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris in the presence of sea anemone
A Review on the Effects of Smoked Fish on the Health of Its Consumers
No full textFish smoking is an ancient and popular way of fish preservation. Fish smoking is a combination of various processes such as salting, drying, heating, smoking, and sometimes cooking effects depending on smoking method used. Smoked fish are highly rich in protein and are palatable with longer shelf life. Smoked fish enhances growth and metabolism, foetal development among others. However, prolonged consumption of fish intoxicated with PAHs could occur as a result of incomplete combustion of wood or coal causes cancer and retarded growth. This article describes various smoking methods and the health effects of smoked fish consumption to humans
Morphometric Analysis of Coconut Crab (Birgus latro) of Meos Ambower Island, Fam Islands, Raja Ampat
No full textObjective: This study aims to analyze the length–weight relationship of coconut crabs (Birgus latro) on Meos Ambower Island, evaluate sexual dimorphism in morphometric characteristics, and determine growth patterns based on regression analysis.
Research Design: Observational research with a quantitative approach using morphometric analysis and inferential statistics.
Place and Duration of Research: Meos Ambower Island, Fam Islands, Raja Ampat, West Papua, May-August 2024 period.
Methodology: Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling at night by tracing the natural habitat of coconut crabs. A total of 100 individuals were measured in carapace length parameters using digital calipers and body weight using digital scales. Gender determination is carried out through the identification of gonopodore morphology. Analysis of the relationship between weight and length using a linear regression model with the equation W = a + bL, evaluation of sexual dimorphism using t-test independent samples, and growth patterns were determined based on regression coefficients.
Results: The regression model yielded the equation Weight = -966.37 + 154.98 × Length with an R-squared of 0.575 and a p-value of 6.33E-20 indicating a significant relationship. The t-test revealed a significant difference in carapace length between males and females (t = 3.405, p = 0.001) but not in body weight (t = 0.811, p = 0.419). The sex ratio shows a dominance of 65% males compared to 35% females. The regression coefficient indicates a negative allometric growth pattern.
Conclusions: The length–weight relationship of the coconut crab (Birgus latro) showed a strong correlation with significant sexual dimorphism in carapace length. This morphometric data is an important baseline for the sustainable management and conservation of canary crab populations in Raja Ampat