Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research
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Effect of Different Types of Mulches on Yield of Pumpkin in Salt Affected Soil
No full textFor reducing soil salinity and obtaining a sustainable yield, a low-cost and farmer-friendly method is required for pumpkin, a well-liked vegetable. Accordingly, a field experiment was carried out in Salinity Management and Research Center, Soil Resource Development Institute, Batiaghata, Khulna during Kharif-1 season of 2021 to investigate the effect of different types of mulches on soil salinity and yield of pumpkin. The experiment includes three treatments viz. no mulch (control), straw mulch and mulching paper. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Soil salinity was recorded at 30 days intervals. All mulching materials effectively reduced the salt accumulation in the root zone. After three months of seed sowing, the highest soil salinity (11.32 dS/m) and lowest soil salinity (6.24 dS/m) were found at no mulch (control) and mulching paper treatment respectively in the month of May. Mulching treatments markedly increased the growth and yield attributes of pumpkins. The highest value of three growth parameters i.e., fruit length (26.92 cm), fruit diameter (94.09 cm) and fruit size (2037 cm2) was found on mulching paper as compared to control. Again, the highest flesh thickness (3.94 cm), fruit weight (4.73 kg) and yield (31.18 t/ha) were recorded at mulching paper treatment whereas the lowest yield (16.68 t/ha) was found at no mulch (control). The results revealed that the use of mulching paper decreased salinity and also increased the yield of pumpkin in saline soil. These findings suggest that the application of mulching paper not only reduces soil salinity but also increases the yield of pumpkins
Bulb Size Effects on Flowering and Bulb Production of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Single
No full textA field experiment was executed under sub-tropical conditions during the period from April 2020 to March 2021 to observe the effects of bulb sizes on the flower and bulb yield of tuberose cv. single. The experiment consisted of three bulb sizes namely, a small-sized bulb (1.0-1.5 cm in diameter); a medium-sized bulb (1.6-2.5 cm in diameter) and large sized bulb (2.6-3.0 cm in diameter). Results disclosed that plant height, the number of leaves plant-1, leaf length and breadth, the number of lateral shoots plant-1, production of bulbs plant-1, bulb length and diameter, bulb yield both plant-1 and hectare-1, length of rachis, spike length and diameter, the number of florets spike-1 and flower yield both spike-1 and hectare-1 were increased with the increment of bulb sizes. The longest plant, highest leaf production, larger leaf, bulb production plant-1, bulb size and bulb yield both plant-1 and hectare-1, rachis length, spike length and diameter, number of flowers spike-1, flower yield both spike-1 and hectare-1 were recorded in large sized mother bulb. In contrast, the lowest above the studied parameters were obtained in small-sized mother bulbs. So, large-sized bulbs can be used for commercial production of flowers and bulb of single cv. of tuberose
Quality Assessment of Mixed Pickle (Carrot, Pea and Ginger) Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria
No full text“Studies on preparation and quality evaluation of mixed pickle of carrot, pea and ginger” was made with seven treatments and three replications with the equal proportion of carrot, pea and ginger (500 gm each), Salt 10% and lakadong turmeric powder of 10 gm for all treatments with the objective to access the physico-chemico characteristics of fresh vegetables as well as stored mixed pickle at normal room temperature. The biochemical and sensory changes were analysed at monthly interval of initial day, 30 days and 60 days. During storage the TSS, total sugar, acidity, ascorbic acid, β- carotene acid content decreased gradually. The prepared mixed pickle was judged by the 15 panellists during the organoleptic test where using Five-Point hedonic scale in which treatment T7 (2% lemon juice + 2% acetic acid + mustard oil (250 ml) + red chilli (20 g) recorded the maximum value with 4.53 followed by treatment T5 (2% acetic acid + red chilli powder (20 g) + mustard oil (250 ml) with 4.32 up to 60 days of storage. Overall assessment of quality revealed that with respect to conjugal study of all the parameters of total soluble solid, total sugar, acidity and ascorbic acid and β- carotene, the treatment T5 prepared with (2% acetic acid + red chilli powder (20 g) + mustard oil (250 ml) proved considerably superior over other treatments with the maximum acceptability
Effect of Spacing and Pruning Methods on Root Yield and Yield Parameters of Cassava (Mahinot esculenta Crantz) in Fedis District, East Harerghe Zone, Ethiopia
No full textDue to the long duration of cassava roots maturity, drought and disease problems, intercropping grain and legumes in cassava should be developed. To intercrop component crops, it is important to reduce cassavas’ canopy through the evaluation of the pruning effect on root yields. The study was aimed to determine the effects of different plant spacing and pruning methods on root yield and root yield parameters of cassava grown in Eastern part of Ethiopia. Cassava variety ‘Kello’ was used for the experiment as a test crop. Five cassava plant intra-row spacing (0.60, 0.80, 1.00, 1.20 and 1.40 m) were assigned to main plots while pruning methods (cutback, debranching and no pruning) were assigned to sub plots. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement with three replications. The result revealed that there were highly significant differences for number of roots per plant, root length, average root weight and unmarketable due to the effect of pruning, while significant differences was observed for total root yields due to intra-row spacing. There were also highly significant interaction effects for marketable and total root yields due to the effects of intra-row spacing and pruning. Cassava with no pruning recorded about, 21.9 and 25.7%, 10 and 26.4%, 17.2 and 19.9%, 43.5 and 58.7% over cassava with debranching and cutback for number of roots per plant, root diameter, root length and root weights, respectively. Cassava pruning and intra-row spacing also interacted and the highest root yield was recorded at 80 cm with cassava no pruning. Averagely, cassava with no pruning provided the highest marketable and total root yield by about 39.3 and 44.7%, 35.8 and 41.6% over cassava with debranching and cutback, respectively. Therefore, considering the land scarcity of the area intra-row plant spacing of 80 cm and cassava with no pruning was recommended for the study area and similar agro-ecology for land economy in eastern Harerghe zone
Improving Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas) – a Bio-fuel and Multipurpose Crop Production in Sub-Saharan Africa through Appropriate Nursery Media
No full textPhysic nut (Jatropha curcas) is a bio-fuel and multipurpose crop that can be used to produce biodiesel, biogas and latex. The toxic substances – curcin and diterpenoids in raw Jatropha leaves and seeds can scare grazing animals away and this suggests the possibility of using the plant as live fence to curb cattle menace which is one of the major constraints facing crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa especially in Nigeria. Despite its nutritive, medicinal and economic values, Jatropha is one of the most neglected crops in Nigeria and in sub-Sahara Africa at large. There is often loss of vigour of Jatropha seedlings due to high seed oil content which results in rancidity and weak seedling growth. An experiment was conducted at Enugu State Polytechnic, Iwollo, Enugu state, Nigeria to determine the appropriate nursery media towards improving the production of Jatropha curcas in sub-Saharan Africa. Four nursery media viz: 3:2:1; 1:2:1; 0:0:1 and; 1:0:0 of top soil, organic manure and river sand respectively, were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Data on emergence percentage, seedling height, number of leaves per seedling and seedling girth were collected and analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for CRD. The treatment means with significant differences were separated using least significant difference at 0.05 probability level. The results showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) among the treatments in emergence percentage of Jatropha curcas. However, there were significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments in seedling height and stem girth with the highest values obtained in 1:2:1 of top soil, poultry droppings and river sand, respectively and the least in 0:0:1 of top soil, poultry droppings and river sand, respectively. It could be concluded that the use of 1:2:1 of top soil, organic manure and river sand, respectively significantly improved seedling growth of Jatropha curcas compared to the other treatments and could therefore be recommended for Jatropha curcas nursery for improved production of the crop in sub-Sahara Africa
Evaluation of Integrated Fertilizers Management on Growth and Seed Production of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.) under Sohag Governorate Condition
No full textThis field experiment was carried out at Shandweel Research Station, Sohag Governorate, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during the two summer seasons of 2020 and 2021 to evaluate the influence of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) application of organic, inorganic and bio- fertilizer on vegetative growth, flowering, fruit yield, dry seed yield and its components as well as seed quality of bottle gourd. All studied treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results mentioned that the combinations of adding [75% RDF (NPK) + Azospirllum +10m3 FYM/fed] was the best treatment and gave the highest values of vegetative growth and flowering, fruit yield, dry seed yield and its components as well as seed quality and followed by adding [50% RDF (NPK) + Azospirllum +10m3 FYM/fed]. However, the lowest mean values of vegetative growth and flowering, fruit yield, dry seed yield and its components as well as seed quality were obtained by adding (Azospirllum/fed)
Indigenous Herbs and Spices in Selected Areas of North Cotabato: An Ethnobotanical Survey
No full textAims: To establish an ethnobotanical data on the various species of herbs and spices in selected areas of North Cotabato.
Study Design: The study was carried out using observational and descriptive survey type of research
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted from January 2013 to January 2014.
Methodology: this study was conducted using structured interview and actual field survey visit. Samples collected were identified using field Guidelines by Remollo [1]. Selected samples of plants were propagated in a nursery and Conservation and distribution status were determined using the Redlist 2010.
Results: A total of forty-eight (48) species of herbs and spices belonging to thirty-eight (38) genera and twenty-seven (27) families were found in four study areas in North Cotabato. The species richness and abundance and the diversity index were generated on the study. Out of the 48 species, Euphorbia neriifolia Linn was categorized as critically endangered, Cinnamomum mercadoi Vidal (Kalingag), Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe (Katmon) and Koordersiodendron pinnatum (Blanco) Merr. (Amugis) belong to the vulnerable category (VU), and four belong to near threatened category (NT) namely: Hoya multiflora (Blume) Desne, Pangium edule Reinw. Ex Blume, Peperomia pellucida (L.) HBK. and Morinda umbellata Linn.
Various parts of the plants were used as herbs and spices. These were the fruits, seeds, young leaves or shoots, flowers, bark and saps, young stems, rhizomes, tubers that were prepared and cooked with different dishes.
Two plant species, Atuna racemosa Rafin.ssp. racemosa and Euphorbia neriifolia Linn were subjected to phytochemical screening and were positive for saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins. Both showed absence of anthraquinones.
Conclusion: A baseline survey of indigenous herbs and spices in the four study sites with emphasis on the characterization of species richness and abundance
Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Types in the Suppression of Root Knot Nematode Infection on Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) in Makurdi, Benue State
No full textA field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi in the 2020/2021 planting season. To evaluate the effects of different fertilizer types in the control of root knot nematode of sweet potato. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatments were Liquid fertilizer (Super gro) and poultry dropping and control which were replicated three times. Before the treatments were applied, soil samples were collected for nematode extraction and the nematodes were extracted in the laboratory using the modified Bearmann tray technique. Super gro and geese droppings were applied at 2 weeks interval and 4 weeks interval. The results show a significant (p<0.05) reduction of root gall index, significant increase in root length, weight of roots and number of roots on the plots treated with fertilizer. This research work recommends the application of poultry droppings for the management of root knot nematode in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Effects of Different Pesticides on the Biological Control Agent, Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): A Review
No full textI reviewed effects of different pesticides used against target insect of Habrobracon hebetor Say (an idiobiont and gregarious ectoparasitoid wasp), on the demography and functional response of this important biocontrol agent in Iran. For demographic studies, the young wasps of H. hebetor (under 24h old) were exposed to LC30 of each pesticide for 24h and then their desired features are investigated. About the functional response, sixty mated females of H. hebetor were treated by LC30 of selected pesticides for 24h. Then, among them six wasps were selected and introduced to different densities of host larvae for 24h. In conclusion, result of review confirmed that botanical and insect growth regulator (IGRs) pesticide due to the lowest negative effects on H. hebetor were compatible compared with the other pesticides for their successful combination in integrated pest management (IPM) designs
Effects of Poultry Manure, Urban Waste Compost and NPK-20-10-10 on the Growth, Yield and Shelf-Life of Two Varieties of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in the Western Highlands of Cameroon
No full textOrganic and inorganic farm inputs in the form of fertilizers is a management practice to improve soil fertility for the growth and development of cultivated crops. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth, yield and shelf-life response of cucumber (Classico F1 and Poinsett-76) to fertilizer applications. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in split plots with three repetitions of the treatments; Control (To: No fertilizer application), poultry manure (T1:20t ha-1), urban waste compost (T2:20t ha-1), NPK-20-10-10 (T3:0.7t ha-1), poultry manure (10t ha-1)+NPK-20-10-10 (0.35t ha-1) (T4), poultry manure (10t ha-1)+urban waste compost (10t ha-1) (T5), urban waste compost (10t ha-1)+NPK-20-10-10 (0.35t ha-1) (T6). Collected data on growth and yield variables from emergence till harvest were analyzed for variation in R version 4.0.1. Results showed that variety and fertilizer had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on all growth variables with Classico F1 variety recording the highest mean values for all growth and yield variables. T1 recorded the highest in all growth variables (vine length, No. of leaves and stem diameter), except for the leaf area in T5 of Classico F1 (404.20 cm2) with the lowest in T0 of Poinsett-76 (87.87cm2). Variety, fertilizer treatments and interactions showed significant effects (P < 0.05) on yield variables. Classico F1 was superior to Poinsett-76, yielding 31.91tha-1 in T1 while Poinsett-76 produced 20.36tha-1 in the same treatment. The lowest yield was recorded in the control treatments (4.45 tha-1 for Poinsett-76 and 7.55 tha-1 for Classico F1). Shelf-life evaluation showed the highest weight loss (20%) in fruits obtained in NPK-20-10-10 treatments within 21 days of storage. These results revealed that the integration of poultry manure or urban waste compost and chemical fertilizer (NPK-20-10-10) improves the growth and yield of cucumber as well as the shelf-life of harvested fruits in the western highlands of Cameroon