Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research
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Impact of Foliar Spraying by Using Some Stimulative Substances on Growth, Green Pods, Dry Seed Yield, Its Components and Some Chemical Constituents of Pea Plants (Pisum sativum L.) under High Temperature Stress Conditions
No full textThis experiment was carried out during the two winter seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 at Qaha Vegetable Research Farm (Qalubia Governorate), Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (A. R. C.), Egypt. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of foliar spraying with some stimulative substances i.e. Green Miracle at the rate of 3 cm3 / L, Kaolin (Aluminum silicate) at the rate of 20 g/ L, Selenium element at the rate of 12 mg /L, Megacal Hort at the rate of 2.5 cm3/L, Super Grow Hortic at the rate of 0.75 cm3 /L and High Harvest at the rate of 0.75 cm3/L beside the control treatment (spraying with tap water) on vegetative growth, green pods, dry seed yield and its components as well as seed quality of pea Master B cv. under high temperature stress conditions. The experimental design was a randomized complete block containing seven treatments with three replicates. Seeds of peas were sown in the 2nd week of September during the two winter growing seasons.
The results showed that, the most estimated parameters were significantly affected with all tested treatments as foliar applications; the superiority effect of the treatments was recorded by using kaolin (Aluminum silicate) followed by selenium element and green miracle which led to obtain the highest significant increase in all the previous studied traits i.e. the vegetative growth, green pods yield, dry seed yield and its components as well as seed quality under high temperature stress conditions. The superior treatment; kaolin at the rate of 20 g/ L increased green pod yield by 36.8 and 33.6 % and enhanced dry seed yield /fed by 34.2 and 32.3 % over the control treatment (the untreated plants) in the two winter seasons, respectively. 
Microbiological Status, Physico-chemistry and Plant Performance in Spent Lubricating Oil (SLO) Polluted Soils Amended with Spiked Organic Fertilizer
No full textSoil contaminations by spent lubricating oil (SLO) have been reported to be threatening as it can negatively impact soil macro/micro-flora, destroy the food chains, disrupt biogeochemical cycling of elements, thus reducing soil fertility/productivity, with attendant economic implications. This study evaluated the changes in microbial population and performance of plant in SLO polluted soils amended with different organic fertilizers. The fertilizers were produced from organic waste materials using aerobic composting technique; pollution was simulated in potted soils; soil toxicity were determined using Zea mays L. as test crop; microbial counts and physicochemical properties of the test soils were determined using standard microbiological and chemical protocols respectively. Apart from significant (P˂0.05) decrease in population of total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and total fungal counts (TFC) (2.6×108 to 6.1×107 cfu/g and 2.3×105 to 1.7×105 cfu/g respectively), and increase in populations of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) and hydrocarbon utilizing fungi (HUF) (7.3×103 to 4.6×104 cfu/g and 8.0×103 to 1.7×104 cfu/g respectively) following contamination of soil with SLO at pollution level., results also revealed increase (improvements) in counts of all microbial groups at the end of remediation treatments. Mean microbial count in soils amended with different levels of fertilizer treatments (5%, 10%, and 15%) reflected a dose-dependent increase as follows: Ft2 ˃ Ft0 ˃ Ft4 for the 5% (3.7×108 cfu/g), 10% (9.2×107 cfu/g) and 15% (6.9×107 cfu/g) respectively. At 5% application, post remediation pH increased following the order: Ft0 ˃ Ft2 ˃ Ft4 (6.00, 5.34, and 4.90 respectively). The test crop, Zea mays L. recorded 100% and 62.5% germination in amended and unamended soils respectively. Leave length and chlorophyll index of Z. mays L. grown on remediated soils ranged between 35.10±0.40 – 52.85±0.05 (at 5% treatments); 32.60±0.10 – 56.55±0.35 (at 10% treatments); and 35.35±0.15 – 42.45±0.25 (at 15% treatments), compared with 30.30±0.80 – 50.55±0.75 (for PS) and 18.05±0.85 – 25.50±0.70 (for unamended CS). All test crops yielded except those grown on unamended soils. Conclusively, application of organic fertilizers to SLO polluted soils increased population of different groups of soil microbes, leading to increased breakdown of the pollutant and reduced soil toxicity
Economic Analysis of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Marketing in Ondo State, Nigeria
No full textThe study examines the economic analysis of tomato marketing in Ondo State, Nigeria. Primary data were used through a well-designed questionnaire. A multistage sampling was used to select 120 tomato marketers in the area. Descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques, and multiple regression were used for the analysis. The results revealed that married females dominate tomato marketers with an average age of 40 years. About 55.0% of them had household sizes that ranged from 4-6 persons with a mean marketing experience of 7.5 years. The products reach consumers through the channels from farmers through wholesalers to retailers. The results of regression showed that sex, purchase price, labour cost, and transport cost are the main determinants of profitability in the area. The significant challenges faced are the high cost of transportation and the lack of storage facilities. Adequate road network and marketing infrastructure should be provided to increase the performance of the enterprise
Poverty Status and Scale Economies of Maize-based Farmers in Southwest, Nigeria
No full textThe study examines the relationship between poverty status and scale economies of maize-based farmers in Southwest, Nigeria. Primary data were sourced with the aid of a well-designed questionnaire and oral interview. A multistage sampling technique was used to randomly select 240 maize-based farmers in the area. The main data analysis used were Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) and the probit regression model. The FGT results showed that poverty incidence was prevalent among small-scale farmers across the cropping patterns. It further highlighted the potential of medium and large-scale farming operations in reducing poverty due to their capacity for higher income generation. Moreover, years of farming experience, access to credit, and larger farm sizes emerge as crucial factors in alleviating poverty among farmers using probit regression analysis. However, we noted the impact of certain variables, such as marital status and land acquisition, which can vary regionally and contextually. Therefore, by recognizing the role of farm scale and the various socio-economic factors at play, stakeholders can develop more effective strategies to improve the livelihoods of maize-based crop farmers and promote sustainable agricultural development
Influence of Foliar Spraying by Using Paclobutrazol and Pinching Technique on the Growth, Green Pods, Dry Seed Yields, its Components and Some Chemical Constituents of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Plants
No full textThis current study was conducted at Qaha Vegetable Research Farm (Qalubia Governorate), Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (A. R. C.), Egypt, during the two winter seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 on broad bean (Vicia faba L.) plants Weaam cv. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of foliar application of paclobutrazol (PBZ) at three different doses i.e. 25, 50 and 75 mg/ L at three times; at the vegetative growth, at the peak flowering and at the pod setting stages i.e. at 60, 80 and 100 days after sowing (D.A.S.), respectively as well as pinching technique treatments which were done at three times; the 1st one at plants had 60 cm, the 2nd at 80 cm and the 3rd at 100 cm from the plant height per plant by removing the tip of the main stem of broad bean plants, under the two winter seasons condition on the vegetative growth characteristics, total green pods, dry seed yields and its constituents as well as the quality of the dry seed of broad bean plants. The experimental design was arranged in a complete randomized block design with three replications.
The results indicated that, all the tested treatments significantly affected increased the vegetative growth characteristics (with the exception of the plant height in the two winter seasons, respectively), total green pods, dry seed yields, its components and chemical constituents in dry seeds as compared with the control treatment. In this case, among the different concentrations of foliar spraying paclobutrazol treatment at the rate of 50 mg/ L shows the best result as compared with the other two treatments i.e. 75 and 100 mg/ L. About the stimulatory effects of broad bean plants with pinching technique treatments either at flowering stage or at the pod setting stage, which were the best treatments and markedly improved the most of all the pervious studied characters of broad bean plants and dry seed quality as compared with the other pinching technique treatment i.e. at the vegetative growth stage and no pinching treatment
Evaluation of Garlic Genotypes under Farmer’s Field Condition of Jumla, Nepal
No full textOn-farm trial on different garlic genotypes selected from Advance Yield Trial was carried out at Patrashi Rural Municipality of Jumla (2430 masl) for two consecutive years 2017/18 and 2018/19 to evaluate garlic genotypes suitable for the high hills of Karnali region of Nepal. Twelve different garlic genotypes: ARM 01, ARM 02, ARM 03, ARM 04, ARM 05, ARM 07, ARM 09, Mugu Local, Kathmandu Local, Chinese, Holeri and Malikabota were tested on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Each treatment was replicated three times. Compost was used at 20t/ha at the time of land preparation. There was no use of chemical fertilizer. Selected cloves of garlic were planted with 15 cm x 10 cm spacing of row to row and clove to clove respectively. Planting and harvesting were done on the third week of September and first week of July respectively. Tested genotypes differed significantly for vegetative as well as yield parameters. The genotype ARM01 produced the bulbs with the highest (50.49 mm) diameter followed by ARM 04 (45.14 mm), Kathmandu Local (34.52 mm) and Chinese (33.44 mm) respectively. The highest bulb yield (29.73 t/ha) was recorded from genotype ARM 01 followed by Kathmandu Local (19.4 t/ha), ARM 04 (18.51 t/ha) and Chinese (17.59 t/ha). Based on the average result of both years, genotypes ARM 01, Kathmandu Local, ARM 04, and Chinese showing above mentioned average productivity ranging from 17.59 t/ha to 29.73 t/ha, were identified as the promising genotypes for commercial cultivation in the high hills of Karnali region of Nepal
Effect of Different Nutrient Media in Growth and Health of Tomato Seedlings in Arghakhanchi District (Nepal)
No full textThis research was performed on March-May 2021 to evaluate the effects of different growth media on health and growth characteristics of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings. The experiment was laid in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The different nutrient media used were FYM, Poultry Manure, Vermicompost and Cocopeat each with 1:1 mix with soil. The other nutrient medium being soil only as a control treatment. Seeds of Manisha variety were sown on the tray under the high-tech greenhouse nursery with respective treatments. Data entry and arrangement of collected data was done using MS Excel and further analysis was done using R-studio. At 14 days after sowing, FYM (93.33%) and Cocopeat (94.17%) had the highest germination percentage while control (70%) had the lowest percentage of germinated seedlings. Other parameters as seedling height (10.78 cm), plant stand (90.83%) and leaf number (10.75) were found higher in cocopeat +soil (1:1) treatment. Disease incidence (33.4%), however, was found higher in poultry manure. From this experiment, Cocopeat +soil (1:1) mix proved to be the best medium for raising tomato seedlings as disease incidence was low, germination percentage was higher including final plant stand, seedling height and leaf number as compared to other nutrient media
Yield of Several Local Upland Rice Lines
No full textClimate change brought on by global warming affects agricultural production, notably rice crops, and results in harsh weather. Because it is becoming harder to utilize the area of paddy fields, one effort that can be made to boost the national food supply is by improving and expanding the upland rice farming area. This study aimed to analyze and ascertain the upland rice lines in the area's production potential. The study was carried out on agricultural land in Tamarenja Village (Kalama backwoods), Central Sulawesi Province, about 200 meters above sea level, with latitudes of 00o26'51.5" South Latitude and 119o49'50.6" East Longitude. They began in August 2022 and continued through February 2023. Fifteen strains or varieties of upland rice were used in the study's Randomized Block Design (RBD), which was repeated three times to create 45 trial plots. These strains or varieties included Untad I, Untad II, Untad III, Untad V, Uva Buya, Kalendeng, Pulu Tau Leru, Jahara, Buncaili, Delima, Dongan, Konta Island, Tako, and Situ Bagendit. Plant height, leaf length, tiller number, productive tiller number, panicle length, number of grains/panicles, harvest age, the weight of 1000 grains, and production were among the variables recorded. The findings demonstrated that the Tako, Dongan, Pulu Tau Leru, Uva Buya, and Kalendeng strains produced better yields compared to the control variety
The Correlation Indicators and Traits of Morpho-economic Characteristics of Foreign and Local Genotypes of Mungbean in the Field Conditions of the Tashkent Region
No full textThe article reveals the morphological and economic characteristics of plants of 25 local and foreign genotypes of mung bean crops in the field conditions of Uzbekistan: the height of the main stem, the distance between the ground and the branch, the number of the bearing yield branches, number of pods per plant, the pod weight, the pod length, number of grains in a pod, one pod in a pod, grain weight and the weight of 1000 grains as well as the results of their correlation analysis.
According to the morphological and economic characteristics of plants of 25 local and foreign genotypes of mung bean crops in the field conditions of the Tashkent region it was determined that the local varieties Durdona, Baraka, Barkaror, Marzhon, the local line of L-8, L-22, L-88, L-92, and foreign lines AVMU2003, AVMU2004, AVMU1681, AVMU2002 have higher rates compared to other varieties and lines. It has been found that there is a strong positive relationship between the number of grains in a pod and the weight of grains in a pod, as well as the weight of grains in a pod at a weight of 1000 grains
Effect of Pruning on Disease Incidence and Field Development of a Local Cassava Variety (Manihot esculentus C.)
No full textThis study was conducted at the Nkoemvone Agricultural Research Station in southern Cameroon on cassava in September 2022. Its aim was to provide farmers with good cultivation techniques so that they can improve their yield. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of pruning on the growth of cassava stems. Specifically, the aim is to find the right time of the year when pruning could optimize growth and reduce disease incidence. A large 450m² plot was divided into three units and each unit corresponded to a treatment. These treatments were randomly placed on the large plot, thus we have T1= pruning in rainy weather, May 30; T2= in absence of rain, July 01 and T0= not pruned. The evaluation of these treatments was carried out on two parameters, namely the number of regrowths and the presence of diseases, more precisely mosaic. The study was conducted on 150 stems, i.e. 50 per treatment. The ANOVA allowed us to make the different analyses. The protocol used to assess the effect of pruning is a completely randomized system. The results show that there is a significant difference between T0, T1 and T2 on the number of regrowths with the respective means T0= 2, T2= 4 and T1= 6 regrowths per stem. In addition, significant differences were observed for the severity well illustrated here by the severity index which is 16.8% for T1, 19.6% for T0 and 63.8% for T2. These results indicate that cuttings should be harvested during the rainy season to ensure the sustainability of a seed field, and pruning during this season would reduce the presence of diseases. On the other hand, pruning in the dry season is very harmful and could even lead to the drying out of the stems