Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops
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Transfer of clustered and upright fruit characters into two popular chilli cultivars of Tamil Nadu
Get PDFTransfer of two agronomically desirable characters from CA-33 and CA-219 to two popular chilli cultivars, G-4 and CO-2, was attempted. The F, hybrids and their segregating population, F2, BC, and BC2 were raised to determine the gene action in respect of the fruit orientation and clustered fruit character. The results revealed that genes responsible for the clustered fruit character are monogenic while, the upright fruit character is digenic, controlled by two genes with dominant and recessive epistasis.
 
Effect of mulching on yield of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
Get PDFField experiments were conducted at Barapani, Meghalaya to evaluate the response of ginger to the application of locally available organic mulches. Five treatments namely, paddy straw mulch, Schima wallichii dry leaf mulch, Eupatorium odoratum green stem and leaf mulch, Pinus kesia dry leaf mulch and unmulched control were compared in the present study. Use of organic mulches enhanced the sprouting, reduced the dry matter accumulation by weeds and improved the growth and yield of ginger significantly. Paddy straw and Schima leaves were superior as these mulches increased the yield by 43.6% and 39.7% over control, respectively.
 
Evaluation and selection of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes
Get PDFFifteen genotypes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) from five states of India were evaluated for yield and curcumin content. Among them, PTS-43 yielded 33.86 t ha-1 fresh rhizome, 7.17 t ha-1 cured rhizome, 5.36% curcumin and 21.17 % recovery of cured rhizome as against 28.00 t ha-1, 4.48 t ha-1, 3.56 % and 16.00% respectively in BSR-2, the local check and 26.69 t ha-1, 5.69 t ha-1 4.84% and 21.33%, respectively in the national check (var. Roma).
 
Optimum dose of nitrogen and potassium for ginger in Wynad, Kerala
Get PDFStudy on nutrient requirement of ginger in Wynad, Kerala showed the positive effect of higher, doses of Nand K on the yield. Among the 16 levels of Nand K, 3 combinations viz., 150 kg N, 50 kg K; 150 kg N, 100 kg K and 75 kg N, 150 kg K ha-1 were found to be significantly superior with respect to yield. Among the vegetative characters, plant height was found to be significantly influenced by nitrogen. The optimum dose of Nand K derived from the quadratic equation was 144 kg and 109 kg ha-1 respectively.
 
Effect of major nutrients on yield of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) intercropped in coconut garden
Get PDFThe effect of different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) grown as an intercrop in a coconut garden was studied in a field experiment conducted at Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram, Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala. Significant increases in leaf production, leaf area index and dry matter production, crop growth rate and uptake of nutrients were resulted from higher dose of fertilizers. Fertilizer recommendation for ginger grown under open condition (N:P:K @.75:50:50 kg ha-1) is insufficient for ginger intercropped in coconut gardens. A higher fertilizer dose of N:P:K @ 150:100:100 kg ha-1 is necessary for increasing the yield of ginger grown as an intercrop in coconut garden.
 
Chemical composition of the essential oil of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum)
Get PDFThe composition of the essential oil obtained by steam distillation from seeds of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum) was analysed by GC/MS. The presence of atleast seventeen compounds was demonstrated. They correspond to 99.95% of the oil. Methyl chavicol was the main constituent of the oil (47.09%), followed by limonene (29.07%), fenchone 03.43%), a-terpinene (2.5%), fenchyl acetate (exo) 0.95%) and cis-b-ocimene (1.41%). Trans-anethole was not detected. Therefore, it is concluded that the oil of Turkish bitter fennel is rich in methyl chavicol.
 
Evaluation and selection of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes
Get PDFFifteen genotypes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) from five states of India were evaluated for yield and curcumin content. Among them, PTS-43 yielded 33.86 t ha-1 fresh rhizome, 7.17 t ha-1 cured rhizome, 5.36% curcumin and 21.17 % recovery of cured rhizome as against 28.00 t ha-1, 4.48 t ha-1, 3.56 % and 16.00% respectively in BSR-2, the local check and 26.69 t ha-1, 5.69 t ha-1 4.84% and 21.33%, respectively in the national check (var. Roma).
 
Effect of rate and time of nitrogen application on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
Get PDFAn experiment was conducted to study the response of turmeric to rate and time of N application. The treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen (60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) as main plot treatments and number of applications (nitrogen applied in equal splits of one, two, three, four and five) as sub-plot treatments. The results showed that 60 kg N ha-1 produced maximum fresh rhizome yield. Turmeric yield at 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1 did not differ significantly. Nitrogen applied in three equal splits produced maximum fresh rhizome yield and it was significantly superior to application of whole N at planting and in two splits. N content in leaf, rhizome and available nitrogen in soil increased with increase in the level of nitrogen and number of split application.
 
Delineation of Turmeric Zones in Tamil Nadu
Get PDFTamil Nadu is having 30 districts, spread over 13 million ha. in 7 agro-climatic zones and lies between 8°5' and 13°5' north latitude and 76°15' and 80°20' eastern longitude. The average annual rainfall is 1010 mm with 54 rainy days. Tamil Nadu ranks third place in area under turmeric (11 %) next to Andhra Pradesh (39 %) and Orissa (18%) and second place in production (19%) next to Andhra Pradesh (49%).
 
Empirical model for turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) yield prediction
Get PDFThe mean weather variables namely maximum (TMAX) and minimum (TMIN) temperature, maximum (RHMAX) and minimum (RHMIN) relative humidity, rainfall (RAINF), rainy days (RAIND), evaporation (EVPN), wind speed at 8 feet height (WINDS), sunshine hours per day (SUNSH) and total solar radiation (RADN) of different months of turmeric crop season for twenty years (1979-80 to 1998-99) were correlated with yield (dry) in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu. Out of the ten variables studied, three variables (TMAX, RHMAX and RADN) did not show significant relationship with yield while the remaining seven variables had significant correlation with yield. These significant variables were further subjected to stepwise regression analysis and those variables, which could be related to yield variability reasonably (EVPN, RHMIN, RAINF, TMIN) were used in the final regression model. This model was used to estimate turmeric yield in Coimbatore District and it was found that the estimated and observed yields did not differ. This model (Y= -11675.5119 - 591.0617 EVPN 3 + 810.3569 TMIN, + 12.1481 RAINF2 + 91.7499 RHMIN,) can be used to predict the yield of turmeric and total production in Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India.