Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops
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Leaf anatomy and essential oil characters of Cinnamomum pauciflorum Nees. - a potential spice crop from North-East India
Get PDFThe anatomy and essential oil characters of leaf of Cinnamomum pauciflorum, a new promis-ing source of cinnamon was studied. Eighteen components accounting for 99.8% of the totaloil were identified by GC analysis of the oil. Cinnamaldehyde was the major component inthe oil.
 
Influence of nitrogen, Azospirillum sp. and farmyard manure on growth, yield and inci- dence of stem gall disease in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
No full textThe influence of Azospirillum sp. (biofertilizer), nitrogen fertilizer, farmyard manure and theircombinations on coriander (Coriandrum sativum), was studied at Ajmer (Rajasthan).Azospirillum sp. inoculation along with nitrogen and farmyard manure increased plant heightand number of primary branches plant-1 as compared to Azospirillum sp. alone and absolutecontrol. Number of umbels plant-1 and number of grains umbel-1 increased significantlywhen Azospirillum sp. was applied in combination with 100% nitrogen + 5 t farmyard ma-nure, 75% nitrogen + 5 t farmyard manure and 50% nitrogen + 5 t farmyard manure ha-1.Higher seed yield was recorded in Azospirillum sp. + 100% nitrogen + 5 t farmyard manure(10.8 q ha-1) followed by Azospirillum sp. + 75% nitrogen + 5 t farmyard manure (10.2 q ha-1)and Azospirillum sp. + 50% nitrogen + 5 t farmyard manure ha-1 (9.7 qha-1). The use ofAzospirillum sp. + 50% nitrogen + 5 t farmyard manure ha-1 was the most economical treat-ment for obtaining higher seed yield. The Azospirillum sp. treatment combinations also re-duced the incidence of the seed-borne stem gall disease of coriander.
 
Effect of rooting media on germination and seedling growth of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.)
No full textExperiments conducted on germination of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) seeds at Dapoli(Maharashtra) indicated that there were significant differences in germination of seeds sownin different media. The mean germination was significantly higher in seeds sown in ricebran (82.3%) which was on par with sand (82.0%) and sand + rice bran (81.7%). Thesemedia also recorded significantly lesser time for first emergence namely, 27.17 days (ricebran), 28.10 days (sand + rice bran) and 28.50 days (sand), respectively. The time taken forfinal emergence was also significantly lower in seeds sown in rice bran (80.83 days), sand +rice bran (81.60 days) and sand (82.17 days), respectively. The vegetative growth of seed-lings namely, shoot length, shoot diameter, number of leaves and leaf area were also signifi-cantly higher in these media namely, rice bran, sand + rice bran and sand at 30, 90 and 180days after germination.
 
Genetic divergence analysis in ajowan [Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague]Genetic divergence analysis in ajowan [Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague]
No full textFifty eight genotypes of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) were subjected to multivariate analysisusing D2 statistics at Pratapgarh (Rajasthan). The characters studied were days to 50%flowering, days to maturity, umbels plant-1, umbellets umbel-1, 1000-seed weight, fatty oilcontent of seed and seed yield plant-1. The study indicated that the genotypes grouped intoseven clusters depending on similarities of their D2 values and lack of parallelism betweengenetic and geographic diversity. The inter cluster D2 values ranged from 16.41 to 45.23,suggesting considerable diversity among the groups of the genotypes. Among the sevencharacters studied for genetic divergence, fatty oil contributed the maximum accountingfor 56.29% of total divergence followed by seed yield plant-1. Based on cluster means, char-acters such as umbels plant-1 and umbellets umbel-1 were major factors of differentiationamong genotypes, which may be taken into account while selecting parents for hybridiza-tion programmes.
 
Effect of irrigation regimes on moisture extraction pattern, evapotranspiration and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)
No full textA field experiment was undertaken at Nadia (West Bengal) to study the effect of irrigationon moisture extraction pattern, evapotranspiration and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). The study revealed that irrigation influenced the moisture extraction pattern ofthe crop and higher amount of moisture was extracted from surface layer irrespective ofirrigation treatment and depletion of soil moisture increased with increasing level of irriga-tion. Seed yield and water use efficiency were influenced by different levels of irrigation. Thehighest water use efficiency was recorded in no irrigation and it was lowest in higher levelof irrigation at IW/CPE at 1.0. The highest seed yield, gross return, net return and benefit :cost ratio were recorded at IW/CPE ratio 1.0. Scheduling of irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 1.0was most beneficial followed by IW/CPE ratio 0.8 and irrigation at branching + flowering +seed development stages with respect to yield and return.
 
Response of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) cultivars to nutrient management practices in arid zone of Rajasthan, India
Get PDFA field study was conducted at Satheen Village (Rajasthan) to investigate different nutrientmanagement practices on the production of two cultivars of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) inarid zone. Cultivar RZ-19 was superior to local cultivar with respect to seed yield (21.5%higher) and its attributes. The net returns and benefit:cost ratio obtained with RZ-19 wasmuch higher compared to that of local variety. All the nutrient management practices re-corded significantly higher yield and its attributes over control. However, the maximumseed yield of 586 kg ha-1 was recorded with integrated nutrient management practices in-volving tumba cake (Citrullus colocynthis) with 50% recommended dose of fertilizers andapplication of bio-fertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum + phosphate solubilizing bacteria), whoseyield was at par with that of integrated nutrient management practices involving applica-tion of 5 t farm yard manure. Maximum returns (Rs. 20,300/-) and benefit:cost ratio (2.51)was obtained in integrated nutrient management practices involving application of 5 t offarm yard manure.
 
Adoption of recommended cultivation practices in ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) at Koraput District, Orissa
No full textA study was conducted in Koraput District (Orissa) for determining the level of adoptionand constraints in adoption of recommended cultivation techniques in ginger (Zingiberofficinale) among farmers. The overall adoption level of improved cultivation techniques waslow (44.1%) and the major constraints in their adoption was lack of technical guidance(39%), ignorance (38.4%) and high cost of inputs (36.2%).
 
Molecular and morphological characterization of new promising black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) lines
Get PDFSeven high yielding, new, promising lines of black pepper (Piper nigrum) were characterized using molecular markers (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) and morphological features. Out of the 14 random decatner primers studied, 9 could generate unique bands in 6 lines. Maximum unique bands of the primers were observed in the line OPKrn followed by HP-1411 and HP-105. HP-780 could not be discriminated by any of the primers. Sixteen unique bands were prod uced by the nine primers making an average of 1.7 bands per primer. The lines OPKm, HP-1411 and HP-105 exhibited distinct morphological features also.
 
Screening of rhizobacterial isolates against soft rot disease of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
Get PDFTwenty rhizobacterial cultures including Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter agglomerans and Bacillus sp. were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions to evaluate their efficacy in inhibiting Pythium myriotylum and reducing the incidence of soft rot disease in ginger (Zingiber officinale). Under in vitro conditions, 19 of the tested rhizobacterial cultures significantly inhibited P. myriotylum. Evaluation of these cultures under in vivo conditions indicated that seven of the isolates were effective in suppressing the pathogen. Five of the isolates when inoculated along with Glomus sp. (vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae) also enhanced root development without disease incidence.
 
A method for isolation and reverse transcription of high quality RNA from Piper species
Get PDFA rapid and efficient protocol for isolation of RNA from Piper leaves is described. RNA was extracted from two Piper species namel y, P. nigrum and P. colubrinulI1, using strong denaturing buffer containing guanidinum thiocyanate and polyvinylpyrollidone followed by p recipitation with pre-cooled sodium acetate and extraction with phenol:chloroform : isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1). RNA was precipitated with isopropanol. The extraction procedure reliably yielded high quality RNA suitable for reverse transcription experiments.