Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops
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Rates of leaf fall and nutrient recycling of shade trees in coffee (Coffea arabica L.), cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) and black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) pro- duction systems of Mudigere, Karnataka
No full textThe rates of leaf fall and nutrient addition by different shade trees in coffee (Coffea arabica),cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) and black pepper (Piper nigrum) production systems weredetermined at Mudigere (Karnataka). Most trees shed leaves during September to December.Highest leaf shed (4214.5 g m-2 year-1) was noticed in Artocarpus integrifolia followed by Ficustjahela (3976.2 g m-2 year-1). Nitrogen concentration of the leaves varied from 0.21% (Dalbergialatifolia) to 1.89% (Albizia lebbeck); phosphorus concentration from 0.01% (Holigarna arnottiana)to 0.11% (Pongamia pinnata); and potassium concentration from 0.21% (H. arnottiana) to 1.52%(Lagerstroemia lanceolata). In coffee production system, A. integrifolia recorded highest contentof nitrogen (39.19 g m-2 year-1) while F. tjahela recorded higher phosphorus (2.07 g m-2 year-1)and potassium (34.99 g m-2 year-1) contents. In cardamom production system, Erythrina indicarecorded higher contents of nitrogen (25.72 g m-2 year-1) and phosphorus (1.62 g m-2 year-1)while L. lanceolata contained more potassium (14.11 g m-2 year-1). In black pepper productionsystem, Michelia champaca recorded higher contents of nitrogen (31.11 g m-2 year-1), phospho-rus (3.46 g m-2year-1) and potassium (29.95 g m-2 year-1). Species that were rich in nitrogencontent had initial lower (< 30) C/N ratio. Lignin content varied from 17.3% to 25.3% andcellulose from 4.4% to 10.1% in various tree species.
 
Diversity of ginger cultivation in India - a GIS study
No full textThe climatic conditions of important ginger (Zingiber officinale) growing states of India wereanalysed with the help of Geographic Information System (GIS). The Eco-crop model ofDIVA-GIS indicated that Orissa, West Bengal, north eastern States and Kerala are environ-mentally most suitable for ginger cultivation.
 
Brown spot - A new disease of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) from India
No full textA new disease characterized by the appearance of small water-soaked spots which laterdeveloped into characteristic brownish sunken lesions on vanilla beans (Vanilla planifolia)was noticed during September 2004 in Kozhikode District (Kerala) where vanilla is grownas an intercrop with coconut, arecanut and clove. Studies on the causal organism and patho-genicity tests showed that the disease is caused by the fungus Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum.
 
Economic viability of large-scale production of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum Rifai
Get PDFThe economic viability of large scale production of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianumeffective against the soil-borne disease Phytophthora foot rot (caused by P. capsici) of blackpepper (Piper nigrum) was studied. The enterprise was highly profitable for the entrepreneurwith a benefit:cost ratio of 1.84. The investment returned a net present worth of Rs. 2,42,618@ 11% interest rate for 10 years period with an internal rate of return of 121%.
 
Effect of plant growth regulators on vegetative growth and seed yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) cv. RCr – 435
No full textA field experiment consisting of nine levels of plant growth regulators (indole acetic acid,naphthalene acetic acid and gibberellic acid, each at 10, 25 and 50 ppm concentration) andthree modes of application (soaking of seeds, spraying 20 days after sowing and soaking +spraying) was conducted at Udaipur, Rajasthan, to study their effect on growth and yield ofcoriander (Coriandrum sativum). The results revealed that application of gibberellic acid 50ppm by soaking + spraying resulted in maximum number of nodes on main shoot (7.60),number of branches plant-1 (9.51), number of umbels plant-1 (25.36), biological yield (1.274 qha-1) and seed yield (0.432 q ha-1).
 
Genetic variation for seed yield and its components and their association in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) germplasm
Get PDFEvaluation of 360 lines of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) at Jobner (Rajasthan) indicatedhigh variability for seed yield (22.82%), umbels plant-1 (28.65%) and seeds umbel-1 (21.63%)and low variability for days to 50% flowering (12.39%) and umbellets umbel-1 (13.30%). Highbroad sense heritability (91.94%) and genetic advance (56.55%) were obtained for umbelsplant-1 and seeds umbel-1. Correlation and path coefficient analysis indicated that umbelsplant-1 and branches plant-1 were the most important traits as they exerted positive directeffect on seed yield.
 
Reversal of dwarfness in a short-statured variant of clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry) by approach grafting
Get PDFApproach grafting of short-statured variant (dwarf) of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) was suc-cessful on ordinary clove rootstock and the graft union was obtained in 6–8 months with64% success and 100% field establishment. The resultant graft had the appearance of ordi-nary clove with increase in internodal length of the scion shoot. But when ordinary clovewas approach grafted to dwarf clove rootstock the internodal length of the scion was re-duced. The study indicated that the rootstock had a definite influence on the scion, withregard to growth in clove.
 
Multivariate analysis in large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)
No full textThe variability in large cardamom (Amomum subulatum) germplasm was studied by applica-tion of multivariate methods such as principal component analysis, discriminant functionanalysis and Hotelling’s T2 statistic. Variables such as girth of the clump, number of bearingtillers, number of spikes clump-1, number of capsules spike-1, capsule length, capsule diam-eter and capsule weight recorded in 40 accessions belonging to two cultivars of large carda-mom namely, Ramsey and Sawney were used in the study. Principal component analysis re-sulted in the identification of three components, which could explain 73% of variability inlarge cardamom. Discriminant function analysis brought about a discriminant function todistinguish between the two cultivars of large cardamom. Among the variables, capsuleweight, girth of the clump, capsules spike-1 and number of bearing tillers contributed maxi-mum towards yield and hence such characters can be effectively exploited in crop improve-ment programmes.
 
Growth analysis and curcumin content of long, medium and short duration turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes
Get PDFSix turmeric (Curcuma longa) genotypes, two genotypes each from long (Armoor andDuggirala), medium (CLI-317 and CLI-330) and short (PCT-13 and PCT-14) duration wereevaluated at Jagtial (Andhra Pradesh). Long duration genotypes accumulated more drymatter and maintained leaf area index, chlorophyll content and cumulative growth rate forlonger period up to 210 days, resulting in higher yield and curing percentage over mediumand short duration genotypes. The long duration genotype Duggirala produced highestfresh rhizome yield (168 g plant-1) and Armoor had highest curing percentage (20.26).Curcumin content was higher in short duration genotypes over medium and long durationgenotypes. Maximum curcumin content was recorded in short duration genotype PCT-14(4.06 %).
 
Evaluation of fungicides for the control of powdery mildew disease in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
No full textSix fungicides were evaluated at Raigarh (Chhattisgarh), for the control of powdery mildewdisease of coriander (Coriandrum sativum), caused by Erysiphe polygoni. All the fungicides re-duced the disease severity significantly, over control, with maximum reduction inhexaconazole (0.1%) that was on par with propiconazole (0.1%) and wettable sulfur (0.3%).Yield of coriander was higher 2.54, 2.00 and 2.20 times, over control, in hexaconazole (0.1%),propiconazole (0.1%) and wettable sulfur (0.3%), respectively. Cost-benefit ratio was 1:5.3,1:4.0 and 1:4.5 in hexaconazole (0.1%), propiconazole (0.1%) and wettable sulfur (0.3%),respectively.