Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops
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Genetic variation in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) for phosphorus utili- zation under Aridisol
Get PDFAn experiment was conducted at Ajmer (Rajasthan) to investigate the genetic variation ofseven fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) genotypes for phosphorus utilization under typicalAridisol. The result showed that cv. Rajendra Kranti was superior and could utilize about71% of the rhizosphere phosphorus. A strong positive correlation between plant phosphorusconcentration and alkaline phosphatase (r = 0.51, P < 0.05) as well as dehydrogenase activity(r = 0.62, P < 0.01) in the rhizosphere was observed. Labile phosphorus showed a strongnegative correlation with plant phosphorus concentration (r = -0.70, P < 0.01) and totalphosphorus uptake (r = -0.62, P < 0.01). Higher phosphorus concentration (3.36 mg g-1),total phosphorus uptake (87.4 mg plant -1) and dry biomass (26.0 g plant-1) at critical growthstage was observed in Rajendra Kranti. A strong correlation (r = 0.98, P < 0.001) was alsofound with dry biomass and total phosphorus uptake.
 
Effect of phosphorus and plant growth regulators on growth and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted at Mandsaur (Madhya Pradesh) to find out the effect ofphosphorus and plant growth regulators on growth and yield of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum). The results indicated that significantly higher growth and yield (17.62 qha-1) were observed with application of 60 kg phosphorus ha-1. Foliar spray of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 20 ppm at 25 days after sowing (DAS) and 55 DAS resulted in significantlyhigher growth and seed yield (17.41 q ha-1). The highest benefit : cost ratio (4.20:1) wasobserved for the treatment, 60 kg phosphorus ha-1 + NAA 20 ppm.
 
Studies on nutrient management and seed rate on growth and herbage yield of fenugreek (Trigonella corniculata L.) cv. Kasuri in Rajasthan
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted at Bikaner and Jalore (Rajasthan) to study the effect offertilizer and vermicompost and four levels of seed rate on growth attributes of fenugreek(Trigonella corniculata) cv. Kasuri. The results showed that application of fertilizer (20 kg N+ 4 kg P2O5 ha-1) increased plant height, number of branches plant-1, dry matter accumulationand number of root nodules, over control. Vermicompost @ 4 t ha-1 significantly improvedgrowth attributes. Growth parameters such as plant height, herbage yield and dry weightof leaves, increased significantly with increasing levels of seed rate up to 7.5 kg ha-1, whereas,nodules plant-1, fresh root weight and number of branches plant-1 decreased significantly upto 7.5 kg ha-1.
 
Influence of sheep manure, vermicompost and Azotobactor sp. on growth and yield of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi Sprague)
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted at Ajmer (Rajasthan) to study the influence of sheep manure,vermicompost and bio-fertilizer on growth and yield of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi). Theexperiment consisted of 16 treatments comprising of three levels of sheep manure (5.0, 7.5,and 10.0 t ha-1), three levels of vermicompost (2, 3, and 4 t ha-1) and recommended fertilizerdose (90 kg N, 40 kg P2O5 and 30 kg K2O ha-1) with and without Azotobactor sp. and control.The results revealed that application of Azotobactor sp. alone and with sheep manure,vermicompost and recommended fertilizer dose resulted in higher growth parameters, yieldattributes and yield of ajowan over control. Increasing levels of sheep manure (5.0, 7.5 and10.0 t ha-1) and vermicompost (2, 3, and 4 t ha-1) exhibited higher yield over their respectivelower doses. The highest seed (16.35 q ha-1), stover (33.14 q ha-1) and biological yield (49.49 qha-1) of ajowan was obtained with application of sheep manure @ t 10 ha-1 with Azotobactorsp.
 
Efficacy of systemic fungicides and antagonistic organism for the management of Phytophthora foot rot of black pepper in arecanut cropping system
Get PDFBlack pepper vines were less affected when the vines were treated either with metalaxyl goldMZ 64 WP (Ridomil gold) @ 2.5 g/vine or potassium phosphonate ( 0.5 per cent) as spray(@ 2 l-vine ) and drench twice (@ 3 l-vine) during before on set of monsoon and secondapplication in the month of August coupled with soil application of antagonistic organismi.e., Trichoderma harzianum @ 50 g (cfu 107 ) along with 1 kg of neem cake to the root zoneof the vine. Application of systemic fungicides alone i.e., metalaxyl MZ 68 WP (Ridomilgold) @ 2.5 g/vine or potassium phosphonate ( 0.5 per cent) as spray (@ 2 l-vine ) anddrench twice (@ 3 l-vine) also showed effectiveness in the combating the disease.
 
Development of SCAR marker for Phytophthora resistance in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
Get PDFFoot rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici is one of the major production constraints inblack pepper (Piper nigrum) in India. RAPD profile of moderately resistant and susceptible linesindicated the presence a unique band of 360 base pair in moderately resistant lines with theprimer OPA-01. The DNA fragment associated with these lines was cloned, sequenced andconverted into a SCAR marker. The SCAR primer was tested on plants that were classified asmoderately resistant and susceptible. SCAR primers amplified DNA invariably from resistantplants only. The sequence of the unique band matched with stress related gene sequences reportedin several eukaryotes including Arabidopsis thaliana.
 
Efficacy of plant extracts for the control of powdery mildew of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
Get PDFEvaluation of five plant extracts namely, Andrographis paniculata, Azadirachta indica, Polyalthialongifolia, Saraca indica and Adina cardifolia for the control of powdery mildew of coriander(Coriandrum sativum), in comparison with wettable sulfur 0.3% indicated that A. paniculataand A. indica were singnificantly superior in reduction of disease severity and incresase ingrain yield over control indicating their potential for use as a component in integreatedmanagement of the disease.
 
Path analysis for seed yield and its component characters in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)
Get PDFFenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an important spice crop of Rajasthan. A vastgermplasm collection is maintained at S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner. Two hundredforty lines from this germplasm along with five promising varieties namely RMt-1, RMt-143,UM-144, UM-303 and local check were evaluated in an augmented block design at the researchfarm of S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner on light textured soil. Results indicate that thegenotypes showed significant differences for all the characters under study. All the characterhad more than 80% broad sense heritability but only seed yield per plant, biological yieldand pods per plant had above 50% genetic advance expressed as % of mean. The associationanalysis revealed that the seed yield per plant was significant and positively associated withplant height, primary branches per plant, pods per plant, pod length, seeds per pod andbiological yield at both phenotypic and genotypic levels and with test weight at phenotypiclevel. Further path coefficient analysis revealed that characters such as biological yield, podsper plant and primary branches per plant were the important characters for the selection ofhigh yielding genotypes as they exerted positive direct effect as well as showed positivecorrelation with seed yield at both genotypic and phenotypic levels.
 
Influence of micronutrients on growth and yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) in rainfed vertisols
Get PDFCoriander crop is grown as a rainfed rabi crop in vertisols of Andhra Pradesh. The cropgenerally suffers from periods of moisture stress from the flowering to maturity stagedepending on precipitation during November and December months. During these stressperiods, the crop shows deficiency symptoms of micronutrients such as Copper, Manganese,Zinc and Iron. The foliar application of ZnSO4 0.5%, FeSO4 0.5% and combination of ZnSO4+ FeSO4 + CuSO4 + MnSO4 all at 0.5%, had significant positive influence on all growthparameters and yield of Coriander crop. Among the treatments, ZnSO4 + FeSO4 + CuSO4 +MnSO4 all at 0.5% recorded maximum plant height, number of primary branches andsecondary branches, umbels per plant and umbellets per umbel, which are significantlysuperior to control. Crop maturity differed significantly among the treatments though thedifference between the maximum and minimum days was only 3.3 days. The treatments, ZnSO4 + Fe SO4 + Cu SO4 + Mn SO4 all at 0.5%, recorded significantly highest yield (940 kg/ha)followed by Fe SO4 0.5 % (927 kg/ha) and Zn SO4 0.5 % (922 kg/ha) which are on par witheach other and significantly superior over control (801 kg/ha).
 
Integrated management of wilt of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)
Get PDFFour components of integrated management namely, soil solarization, crop rotation, chemicalsand biocontrol agents were tested under field condition at Junagadh (Gujarat) for themanagement of wilt of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cumini. Growing of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) or maize (Zea mays) during kharif seasondid not reduce wilt incidence during the following rabi season. Soil solarization with 25 μmLLDPE plastic cover for 15 days in summer proved most effective in reducing wilt incidenceto 26.27% as against 44.90% in non-solarization and increasing yield to 396 kg ha-1 as against286 kg ha-1 in non-solarized plots. Application of carbendazim granules @ 10 kg ha-1 onemonth after sowing or Trichoderma viride in organic carrier @ 62.5 kg ha-1 at sowing timewere also effective. Integrating soil solarization followed by growing of sorghum in kharifand application of either carbendazim granules @ 10 kg ha-1 one month after sowing orapplication of T. viride in organic carrier @ 62.5 kg ha-1 was effective for the management ofcumin wilt.