Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops
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Genetic diversity of pran (Allium cepa var. prolliferum) in Kashmir
Get PDFTen pran genotypes were evaluated using RAPD markers to determine the genetic relationships among genotypes showing morphological variations. Fourty three decamer primers were used in this study. Genetic diversity in the genotypes studied was analyzed using several variability parameters. Genotypes were grouped into two main clusters based on jaccard similarity coefficient. A dendrogram based on UPGMA analysis grouped the ten genotypes into two main clusters. Genotypes representing cluster-I are superior over genotypes in cluster-II with respect to yield attributes. Some genotypes did not show any similarity with either cluster, depicting their diverse nature. The grouping that was obtained with the RAPD analysis was at par with the morphological grouping based on yield attributes. The results of Principal Co-ordinate (PCO) analysis were comparable to the cluster analysis. Finally, the investigation of the genetic variation of pran with RAPD indicated that this marker is a suitable tool for assessing polymorphism and estimating the genetic similarity.
 
Residue estimation of chlorpyriphos and lambda cyhalothrin in cardamom [Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton]
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to validate the method for estimation of residues of chlorpyrifos and lambda cyhalothrin in cardamom. Accordingly, the limit of detection (LOD) arrived at was 0.005 μg kg-1 and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) arrived at was 0.01 mg kg-1. Chlorpyriphos and lambda cyhalothrin residues showed a linear response in the range of 0.005-5.0 μg kg-1 and the mean recovery obtained was 97.3% for chlorpyriphos and 98.9% for lambda cyhalothrin with satisfactory RSD values. The initial residues of chlorpyriphos applied at a concentration of 0.05% in cardamom was 1.6 μg kg-1 and the residue was 5.64 μg kg-1 after processing, with a processing factor of 3.53, while the lambda cyhalothrin when applied at 0.0025% resulted in initial residues of 0.26 μg kg-1 which got magnified to 1.19 μg kg-1, with a processing factor of 4.58. The processing factor obtained in this study led to the conclusion that the residues of chlorpyriphos were magnified 3.53 times and that of lambda cyhalothrin were magnified 4.58 times of initial residues, mainly due to loss of weight of cardamom due to dehydration during curing.
 
Influence of vermicompost and sulphur on growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.) under semi arid climate
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2010–2011 to find out the suitable dose of vermicompost (VC) and sulphur (S) to obtain high yield and net returns in garlic (Allium sativum). Sixteen treatment combinations with four levels of VC (control, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 t ha-1) and four levels of S (control, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) were evaluated. Application of 7.5 t ha-1 VC and 90 kg ha-1 S individually produced maximum plant height, number of leaves per plant, chlorophyll content in leaves, fresh weight of leaves, neck thickness, number of cloves per bulb, weight of bulb, bulb diameter and bulb yield, whereas, the combined application of 5.0 t ha-1 VC along with 60 kg ha-1 S was found to be significantly superior with respect to weight of bulb (34.55 g), bulb yield (199.18 q ha-1) and net returns of garlic.
 
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) germplasm evaluation for yield and quality in southern West Bengal
Get PDFThe experiment was conducted to assess ginger (Zingiber officinale) germplasm for yield and quality at Nadia (West Bengal). The experiment with 10 treatments was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Ginger germplasm namely Suprabha, Suruchi, Suravi, V3S1-8, Himgiri, IISR Varada, IISR Mahima, IISR Rejatha, Gorubathan (local cv.) and Sambuk (local cv.) were selected for the study. The investigation indicated Gorubathan as the most promising germplasm in terms of growth and yield. The yield attributes like length of primary fingers (2.28 cm), diameter of secondary fingers (1.95 cm), rhizome yield plant-1 (0.201 kg) were highest with Gorubathan. The projected fresh yield was maximum (18.27 t ha-1) in Gorubathan but dry recovery was maximum with Sambuk (33.48%) and maximum oleoresin was with Suravi (10.25%).
 
Genetic divergence and path co-efficient analysis in kala zeera (Bunium persicum Boiss. Fedtsch.)
Get PDFGenetic variation and path coefficient analysis was carried out in seven genotypes of kala zeera (Bunium persicum). The genotypic, phenotypic and environmental correlations were calculated by applying the technique of variance-covariance analysis in which total variability was split into treatments, replication and error. The results indicated that the values of genotypic correlation coefficients were higher in general, than the phenotypic ones. Number of seed umbellet-1, number of seed plant-1, umbel diameter, number of secondary and tertiary branches plant-1, number of umbellets umbel-1 and number of seed umbel-1 recorded significant positive association with seed yield ha-1 at the genotypic level. However, at phenotypic level, number of primary, secondary and tertiary branches plant-1, umbel diameter, number of umbellets umbel-1, number of umbels plant-1, number of seed umbellet-1, number of seed umbel-1, number of seed plant-1 and 1000 seed weight were strongly associated with seed yield ha-1. The characters such as number of umbels plant-1, number of seed umbel-1, umbel diameter and number of primary branches plant-1 contributed directly as well as indirectly in the expression of seed yield ha-1. Residual effects was found to be significantly low (0.055) indicating that the number of primary branches plant-1 was the most reliable trait for improving the seed yield of Bunium persicum through selection.
 
On-farm assessment of fennel varieties in Rajasthan
Get PDFFennel varieties viz., RF-205, RF-125, RF-145, RF-178 and NRCSS-AF1 with the recommended package of practices were evaluated in 120 farmers’ field from eight adopted villages of Pali district of Rajasthan. The results of the study indicated that under diversified agro-climatic conditions, three varieties of fennel viz., NRCSS-AF1, RF-205 and RF-125 were promising over local check with higher B : C ratio of 2.21, 2.02 and 1.63, respectively.
 
Effect of dates of planting and spacing on growth and yield characteristics of ginger (Zingiber officinale Ros.) var. IISR Mahima
Get PDFA field trial was carried out with an objective to determine the optimum date of rhizome planting and spacing to obtain good growth and yield of ginger var. ‘IISR Mahima’ at Dapoli (Maharashtra). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with planting dates as main plot treatments (15th April, 1st May, 15th May, 30th May and 15th June) and intra row spacing as sub plot treatments (25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 25 cm and 25 cm × 35 cm) in three replications. It is evident from the results that dates of planting had significant effect on almost all the characters under study. Planting of rhizomes on 15th April showed better growth, yield and yield attributing characters. Among spacing levels, the closer spacing of 25 cm × 15 cm recorded significantly higher plant height, green and dry ginger yield. The interaction treatments showed significant effect for most of the characters except for number of days required for sprouting, per cent sprouting and finger characters. Among the various treatment combinations planting on 15th April and 25 cm × 15 cm spacing exhibited higher plant height, yield of green (40.16 t ha-1) and dry ginger (8.58 t ha-1). Planting after 15th May with wider spacing 25 cm × 35 cm resulted in lower yield.
 
Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)
Get PDFEight turmeric genotypes were raised in a randomized block design to study the variability, heritability with genetic advance, correlation, direct and indirect effects of characters on rhizome yield for a period of four year. Variability accompanied by higher values for genetic coefficient of variation was recorded for rhizome yield. Heritability and genetic advance were high for rhizome yield and number of tillers per plant. In general, genotypic correlations were higher than phenotypic correlations for all the characters studied. Rhizome yield was positively and significantly correlated with plant height, number of tillers plant-1 and number of leaves plant-1. Number of tillers plant-1 followed by plant height exerted the highest positive direct effect on rhizome yield, which indicated that selection for these characters would directly improve the yield in turmeric.
 
Genetic variability analysis in coriander (Coriandrum sativum Linn.)
Get PDFThe investigation was undertaken to assess the genetic parameters in respect of yield and yield determining characters of nine genotypes namely 2007, 8918, 2002, 9903, 9106, 9807, 2015, 2108 (germplasm lines) including check variety Azad Dhania-1 of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). The maximum genotypic coefficient of variability (18.39%), broad sense heritability (93.5%) and genetic advance over mean (36.60%) were obtained for umbels plant-1. Seed yield was positively associated with several characters such as plant height, number of primary branches plant-1, number of secondary branches plant-1, number of umbels plant-1, number of umbellets plant-1, number of seeds umbel-1 and umbel diameters. Quantitative traits like plant height, number of secondary branches plant-1, number of primary branches plant-1, number of umbel plant-1, number of umbellets umbel-1 and number of seeds umbel-1 exhibited wide range of variability, maximum genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability, broad sense heritability and genetic gain (as per cent of mean). It was found that the genotypes 9106, 2007, 2108 and 2015 were promising.
 
Identity of Colletotrichum infections in large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)
Get PDFThe pathogen causing blight and severe devastation of large cardamom in Sikkim and Darjeeling Hills was isolated and identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. {perfect state Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spauld. & Schrenk}. We propose the name, Colletotrichum blight for the disease.