Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops
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Analysis of genetic divergence in menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.)
No full textSixteen genotypes of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis) were evaluated for five quantitativetraits namely, plant height, number of internodes, length of internodes, leaf:stem ratio andoil content at Pantnagar (Uttaranchal). These genotypes were grouped into five clusters onthe basis of Mahalanobis D2 analysis. The characters namely, length of internode and num-ber of internodes had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The mean perfor-mance of the genotypes in each cluster and their D2 values revealed that genotypes can beselected to obtain superior half-sib progenies.
 
Studies on management of powdery mildew in coriander using new generation fungicides
Get PDFCoriander is an important spice crop, affected by powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe polygoni. The present study was conducted to test the efficacy of new generation fungicides i.e., azole compounds for the management of powdery mildew in coriander. Two sprays of propiconazole (0.15%) at 15 days interval i.e. on 30 and 45 days after sowing (DAS) were found to be effective in reducing powdery mildew incidence, which also recorded the highest seed yield.
 
Effect of light intensity on leaf scorching in nursery seedlings of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton)
Get PDFStudies on leaf scorching in nursery seedlings of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) grown at Thadiyankudisai (Tamil Nadu, India) indicated that total biomass, chlorophyll and protein contents, and photochemical activities were adversely affected in leaf scorched seedlings grown under full light (100% of total sunlight), when compared to healthy seedlings grown under medium light (45-55% of total sunlight).
 
Effect of scheduling of drip irrigation on growth, yield and water use efficiency of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) var. CO 2
Get PDFField experiments were conducted during 2012–13 and 2013–14 at Horticulture College and Research Institute, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) on black clay loam soil to study the effect of scheduling of drip irrigation on the growth, yield and water use efficiency of turmeric (cv. CO 2). The experiment included two intervals and three levels of irrigation with surface irrigation as control. Significantly higher rhizome yield was recorded in one day interval of irrigation at 80% PE (T2) (42.79 t ha-1) which was on par with two days interval of irrigation at 80% PE (T3) (42.51 t ha-1). Significantly higher number of leaves, leaf area, number of tillers, plant height and dry matter production were recorded in T2 and T3 compared to flood irrigation. Both one day and two days interval of irrigation and 40% PE recorded significantly higher WUE. The intervals and levels of irrigation were significantly superior for WUE, compared to surface irrigation.
 
Response of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) to bio-regulators TGA and N-acetyl cystein under drip irrigation levels
Get PDFField experiments were conducted during winter seasons of 2010–11 and 2011–12 at Bikaner (Rajasthan) to study the effect of bioregulators viz., TGA and N-acetyl cystein under different drip irrigation levels on yield, yield attributes, water use and water use efficiency of fenugreek. The highest plant height (69 cm) and yield attributes viz., branches plant-1 (7.6), pods plant-1 (46.3), pod length (13.5 cm), seed pod-1 (16) and test weight (12.7 g) were recorded with 100% ETc + TGA (200 ppm). Further, 80% ETc + TGA (200 ppm), and 100% ETc + N-acetyl cystein (both 10 and 20 ppm) and 100% ETc + TGA (both 100 and 200 ppm) produced comparable plant height. However, 80% ETc + N-acetyl cystein (both 10 and 20 ppm), 80% ETc + TGA (both 100 and 200 ppm), 100% ETc + N-acetyl cystein (both 10 and 20 ppm), 100% ETc + TGA (100 ppm) and 100% ETc + TGA (200 ppm) recorded at par branches plant-1, pods plant-1, pod length and test weight of fenugreek. Highest seed and biological yield of fenugreek were recorded with 100% ETc + Nacetyl cystein (20 ppm), which was at par with 100% ETc + N-acetyl cystein (10 ppm) and 100% ETc + TGA (both 100 and 200 ppm). Maximum water use recorded at 100% ETc with or without bioregulators, whereas maximum water use efficiency was recorded with 60% ETc + N-acetyl cystein (20 ppm) followed by 60% ETc + N-acetyl cystein (10 ppm).
 
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of mango ginger rhizome extracts against bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum
Get PDFThe Indian mango ginger (Curcuma amada Roxb.) is a perennial rhizomatous herb with a raw mango flavour. It is resistant to bacterial wilt disease. In order to understand the disease resistance mechanism of mango gingerthe hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts (5, 10, 25, 50 and 100mg/ml) and essential oils (1%, 5% and 10%) were tested against the bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum by agar well diffusion method. The hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts showed more or less the same level of antimicrobial activity with a zone of inhibition ranging from 3-9 mm. The essential oils exhibited a zone of inhibition ranging from 3-7 mm.The major constituents of the essential oils were ?-myrcene and ?-pinene. The results indicated that the rhizome of mango ginger may contain compounds that are toxic to the pathogen. The extracts of mango ginger could be explored further for developing a natural bactericide against R. solanacearum
A note on a seed sterile nutmeg from the secondary center of domestication
Get PDFA unique nutmeg accession having normal fruit, but with rudimentary, sterile seed and finely packed mace having a human brain like appearance was collected from a farmer’s garden from the secondary center of domestication of the crop and characterized. Seed (female) sterility in a dioecious or emerging monoecious plant like nutmeg is hitherto not recorded and is a novelty. This unique accession is conserved at the germplasm conservatory of tree spices at the ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, Kerala.
 
Bacillus subtilis, a potential biocontrol agent for the management of coriander wilt
Get PDFCoriander is an important spice crop affected by wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. corianderii. Two trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis for the management of wilt under glass house condition. The results of the trials indicated that, among the various treatments, seed treatment with talc formulation of Bacillus subtilis (10g/kg of seed) along with soil application (2.5 kg/ha) as basal and top dressing at 30 and 45 days after sowing was effective in reducing the wilt incidence (14.59%) compared to control (32.68% )
Variability and character association in paprika and paprika alike chillies
Get PDFAn experiment was conducted to estimate variability and character association in a set of 25 indigenous (paprika alike chillies) and 18 exotic (paprika) germplasm of paprika. Wide range of variation was observed for all the characters except for capsaicin content, weight of seeds, fruit girth and length. The maximum range of variation was recorded for yield plant-1 followed by color value, plant height and number of seeds fruit-1. Among the various traits, maximum coefficient of variation was observed for capsaicin content, followed by weight of pericarp fruit-1, yield plant-1 and weight of seeds fruit-1 in the indigenous lines of paprika. Similarly, in the exotic and combined germplasm of paprika and paprika alike chillies, maximum range of variation was registered with yield plant-1, followed by color value, number of seeds fruit-1 and plant height and narrow range of variation was observed with capsaicin content. In the combined germplasm, maximum coefficient of variation was recorded with capsaicin content, followed by weight of pericarp fruit-1, yield plant-1 and color value. Weight of pericarp, number and weight of seeds fruit-1 were identified as important yield components and selection should be focused on these traits for improvement of paprika and paprika alike chillies.
 
Genetic variability studies in ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.)
Get PDFIn Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) extent of variability was assessed in eighty four genotypes using augmented design. The analysis of variance indicated presence of considerable amount of variability. Genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) was high for plant height, seed yield plant-1, length of internodes, and number of secondary branches, test weight, number of umbels plant-1 and number of seeds umbel-1. High heritability and genetic advance was found for number of seed umbel-1, number of secondary branches and seed yield plant-1. Hence, in ajwain ample amount of variability exists for the important component traits like number of secondary branches, harvest index, number of seed umbel-1 and number of umbellate umbel-1 thus the scope of improving the crop by selection in the available variability is high.