Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research
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Performance Evaluation of Semi-Solid Set Sprinkler Irrigation System at Field Scale
No full textIn recent years, enhancing irrigation system efficiency has become increasingly crucial for maximising agricultural output and resource utilization. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the semi-solid set sprinkler irrigation system at Mkulazi Sugarcane Estate in Tanzania's Kilosa District, Morogoro Region. Catch cans test experiments were carried out to evaluate the system efficiency in the sugarcane crop's specified zones and pressure measurements were taken at selected sprinkler lateral positions the distribution parameters Distribution Uniformity (DU) and Christiansen's Coefficient of Uniformity (CU) were computed. Furthermore, efficiency factors such as water application rate, Potential efficiency of the low quarter (PELQ), and delivery performance ratio (DPR) were calculated using the provided formula. According to the study's findings, the system's distribution uniformity, coefficient of uniformity, and Delivery Performance Ratio were 82%, 85%, and 0.93, respectively. These results showed that the overall performance of the sprinkler system was satisfactory. However, the tail parts of the sprinkler laterals experienced lower discharges due to clogging caused by deposited sediments. Proper filtration and regular flushing of the laterals was recommended to ensure a more uniform distribution and reduction of losses
Development of Ready to Use Pellets from Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) Fruit Pulp
No full textTamarind is a widely grown tree in the Indian subcontinent and the fruit pulp plays a major role in south Indian cuisine for enhancing both traditional and contemporary recipes. The tamarind fruit pulp was primarily dried (48 hours) in a solar dryer to achieve a moisture content of 9% (w.b.), and the five treatments were made by combining dried tamarind pulp with corn flour in the ratios of 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, and 3:1. All treatments were analysed for physicochemical, sensory evaluation, and time required for partial and complete solubility of produced tamarind pellets under varied temperature settings (55℃, 65℃, and 100℃) and with and without stirring. The sensory evaluation results indicate that a 3:1 sample ratio has higher overall acceptance (8.4±0.1316). The pH and acidity of each sample show an inverse relationship. The most accepted sample (3:1) had a higher acidity value of 17.2±0.13127% and a lower pH of 2.74 ±0.13139% compared to other treatments. The time required to dissolve all treatments decreased as the temperature increased throughout the stirring technique. The 3:1 sample took 5.1 and 8.5 minutes to achieve partial and entire solubility at 100℃ with stirring. Tamarind content has a significant impact on tamarind pellet solubility. Ready-to-use tamarind pellets were produced as a result of efficient tamarind utilization. It can be used instantly during the cooking process, saving time on making tamarind paste
Effects of Different Levels of Irrigations on Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Wheat at Bangladesh Condition
No full textA field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University's Department of Soil Science research site to investigate the impact of varying irrigation regimes on the growth, yield, and yield-related attributes of the wheat cultivar BARI Gom 21 (Shatabdi). The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiments consisted of 6 treatments designated as T0 = control or no irrigation, T1 = 1/ crown root initiation (CRI), T2 = 2/CRI+ tillering, T3 = 3/ CRI+ tillering + booting, T4 = 4/ CRI+ tillering + booting + earing, T5 = 5/ CRI+ tillering + booting + earing + milking number of irrigations at different growth stages. All irrigation treatments were shallow, with a depth of 2 cm. We applied irrigation treatments five times during the crown root initiation (CRI), tillering, booting, earing, and milking. We applied all irrigation treatments in chronological order based on the numbers. Treatment T5 (5 number of irrigations) exhibited superior performance across all measured agronomic traits. It significantly outperformed other treatments in terms of the highest plant height (90.80 cm), effective tillers number hill-1 (5.20), spike length (12.40 cm), grains number spike-1 (41.03), grain yield (4.067 t ha-1), 1000-grain weight (55.11 g), straw yield (5.067 t ha-1), and yield plot-1(9.133 t ha-1). In all cases, the non-irrigated or control treatment gave the lowest result. Ultimately, the experiment suggests that five times application of irrigation showed superior results compared to other treatments for successful wheat production
Nutrient Enhancing and Flesh Quality Improvement in Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Fed Dietary Sweet Potato (Ipomoa butatas) Leaves Aqueous Extract
No full textDietary sweet potato (I. batatas) leaves extract was assessed for nutrient enhancing ability and improvement of flesh quality in catfish (C. gariepinus). Thirty five (35) % crude protein feed was formulated using locally available ingredients. Four different diets were prepared from the formulated feed by adding varying quantities of sweet potato leaves extracts as follows: Oml/kg; 50ml/kg; 100ml/kg; and 150ml/kg and labeled as Do, D1, D2 and D3 respectively. One hundred and twenty (120) sub-adult C. gariepinus were used for the experiment, they were divided into four groups in triplicates of 10. Feeding with the experimental diets (Do-D3) commenced after two weeks of acclimatization and they were fed for eight (8) weeks, and water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolve oxygen and pH were determined daily, and measurement of length and weight was done fortnightly. After the feeding period fish were collected from each of the groups for proximate composition analysis and organoleptic assessment. The proximate composition of the diets were done to assess the effects of I. batatas on the quality of the diets. The results revealed the following: (i) the diets had no effects on the assessed water quality parameters; (ii) there were no significance difference in the proximate composition of the experimental diets; (iii) the I. batatas leave extracts enhanced the lipids, protein and fibre contents on the flesh of C. gariepinus; (iv) the I. batatas improves texture, taste, appearance and general acceptability of C. gariepinus flesh; (v) nutrient utilization parameters such as protein intake (PI), protein efficiency ratio (PER), protein retention (PR), fat retention (FR) and net protein retention (NPU) increases significantly as the quantity of I. batatas extracts increases in the diet (Do- D3). It was concluded that sweet potato (I. batatas) leaves extracts improves nutrients utilization and flesh quality in C. gariepinus by enhancing bioavailability, digestion and absorption of nutrients
Determinants of Market Participation among Vegetable Growers in West Coast Region, The Gambia
No full textAims: This study aimed to identify factors that influencing vegetable growers' decision to participate in output market in the West Coast Region of The Gambia.
Study Design: A cross-sectional data involving a sample of 138 vegetable producers were selected using multi-stage sampling technique.
Methodology: Data was collected through in-person interview using semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and Probit model.
Results: Results from Probit model analysis show that gender, access to transportation, access to credit, belonging to a farmer association, and access to market information were the main significant factors influencing vegetable growers to participate in the output market.
Conclusion: The findings highlight that government and other stakeholders dedicated to supporting the well-being of vegetable growers need to improve the existing infrastructure, strengthen farmer organizations, and enhancing access to credit and market information
Energy Use Pattern and Economic Analysis of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) Production in Tillage Methods
No full textThe study investigates the energy use pattern and economic analysis of fluted pumpkin production in tillage methods (traditional, reduced-conventional and conventional). Human power, machinery, diesel fuel, fertilizers, seed and pesticides energy inputs were used during the cultivation of fluted pumpkin. Input and output energy analysis method was used to estimate the input and output energy in each of the tillage methods during the production of fluted pumpkin. The energy indices of fluted pumpkin production determined were; energy efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy, net energy and energy efficiency index. The economic analysis of fluted pumpkin production in terms of total cost of production, gross monetary return, net monetary return and cost benefit ratio for the three tillage methods used were determined. The total energy required per hectare in traditional, reduced-conventional and conventional tillage methods were 6899.90, 9206.16 and 10176.84 MJ/ha, while the output energy were found to be 8912.48, 12297.8 and 12297.8 MJ/ha, respectively. The energy efficiency, energy productivity and net energy gain of 3.97, 1.50 and 1.20; 0.76, 0.86 and 0.71 MJ/kg; 1.32, 1.20 and 1.40 MJ/ha, respectively were estimated while energy efficiency index were found to be 27, 47 and 20% for traditional, reduced-conventional and conventional tillage methods, respectively. The highest net monetary return and cost benefit ratio of ₦382,000.00k and 3.05 were estimated for reduced-conventional, ₦351, 600.00 k and 2.31 for conventional tillage, while the least values of ₦220, 000.00 k and 2.11 were recorded for traditional tillage method. The result revealed that reduced-conventional tillage was better than both traditional and conventional tillage methods in terms of energy productivity, net energy gain and energy efficiency index. Economically, production of fluted pumpkin under reduced-conventional tillage shows the highest net monetary return and cost benefit ratio compared to the other two tillage methods considered
Assessment of Awareness, Knowledge, and Perception on the Purchase Intention towards Packaged Milk
No full textIndia has the highest livestock population in the world with 50 percent of the buffaloes and 20 percent of the world’s cattle population, most of which are milk cows and milk buffaloes. The research was focused on the packaged milk purchasing behaviour of consumer. The study area is confined to Erode district because of its high population and narrowed down to Erode town since the packaged milk purchasing is higher in town area. From each selected wards, 20 sample respondents are randomly selected. A pre-tested questionnaire will be used to collect data for the study. The general characteristics of the sample respondents would help in understanding the nature and behavior of the sample respondents. The general characteristics of sample respondents such as, education, purchase decision of sample respondents etc have a significant bearing on the study. Percentage analysis was used to study the general characteristics of the consumers which included age, education, gender, income, occupation, awareness, preference, knowledge of the respondents, frequency of purchase, type of decision makers, quantity of purchase, place of purchase. Majority of the respondents were aware of branded and non-branded milk. Only few respondents were not aware so suitable step should take to create awareness, so that more customers will get motivated to buy branded and non-branded milk. Knowledge of the respondents on branded milk was depends on consumer interest and also education one of the reason to gain knowledge. Most of the respondents were preferred Aavin because booth there and availability of the Aavin milk is high compared to other brand. So expect Aavin other firms have to follow suitable marketing strategies to increase preference among the consumers. Knowledge of the respondents on branded milk was depends on consumer interest and also education is one of the reason to gain knowledge. About 33 per cent were had energy level knowledge on branded milk. Whereas 67 per cent of the respondents were had energy level knowledge on branded milk. About 11 per cent were had energy level knowledge on non-branded milk. And majority of the respondents 89 per cent were had energy level knowledge on non-branded milk
Production Characteristics of Local Guinea Fowl (Numida Meleagris) in the Urban Commune of Tessaoua, Niger
No full textGuinea fowl breeding is an important source of animal protein and income for populations in Niger. Improving this activity requires better knowledge of production practices. Thus, a survey was carried out in August 2023 in the urban commune of Tessaoua (Maradi/Niger) in order to provide the necessary information on the practice of guinea fowl breeding. For this purpose, sixty (60) producers distributed in 6 villages (10 producers / villages) within a radius of 15km around the urban commune of Tessaoua were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The results of this study show that guinea fowl breeding is an activity mainly carried out by men (86%). Guinea fowl (28.47%) are raised at the same time with chickens (60.08%), pigeons (6.74%), ducks (4.52%) and Turkey (0.20%). The predominant breeding system for local guinea fowl in the urban commune of Tessaoua is scavenging (77%). The guinea fowl most preferred by producers are respectively those with gray plumage (44%), gray plumage with white breast (23%), and those with ash plumage (21%). Guinea fowl breeding products are mainly intended for sale (45%), for self-consumption (36%) and donation (14%). Sixty-eight percent (68%) of producers do not vaccinate their poultry. This is why Newcastle disease is the most catastrophic for 52% of producers. The main constraints in guinea fowl breeding in the urban commune of Tessaoua are diseases (67%) and lack of resources (18%). It is clear that the development of the sector necessarily involves strengthening the surveillance of avian diseases, coupled with veterinary monitoring and supervision of producers
Evaluation of Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG for Control of Fruit and Shoot Borer in Brinjal in the Terai Region of West Bengal
No full textThe bio-efficacy, phytotoxicity and residual field trials of Emamectin benzoate 5%SG against fruit and shoot borer in brinjal, was conducted at Regional Research Sub-station (T.Z) UBKV, Kharibari, West Bengal during June to November, 2018-2019 and October to March, 2019-2020 as per the recommended agricultural practices. The test chemical Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG was evaluated at different doses of 175, 200, 225 gm/ha and compared Indoxacarb 14.5% SC @ 400 ml/ha, Lambda Cyhalothrin 5% EC @ 300 ml/ha and Thiodicarb 75%WP @ 1000 g/ha as standard check and with an untreated check. Among these Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 225 g/ha was found most effective
Harnessing Nature's Power to Cleanse Water Bodies through Phytoremediation of Aquatic Plants
No full textThe use of plants to remove, detoxify, or immobilize environmental contaminants, a process known as phytoremediation, is an emerging field with significant potential for the sustainable and economical treatment of polluted water bodies. Aquatic plants are uniquely suited for this purpose due to their inherent capabilities to uptake and metabolize a diverse range of pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, and organic compounds. Although the method does present challenges, including the length of time for effective cleanup and potential toxin bioaccumulation, innovative advancements in fields like genetic engineering and integrated remediation techniques offer promising avenues to overcome these hurdles. Additionally, the function of phytoremediation in carbon sequestration, paired with potential commercial uses, underscores its role as an essential tool for sustainable environmental stewardship. Therefore, it's crucial to continue research, encourage policy backing, and foster community participation to fully exploit the benefits of phytoremediation in aquatic settings