Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research
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Economic Analysis and Farmers Characterization for Fish Production in Dhangadhimai Municipality, Siraha District, Nepal
No full textA total sample of 60 respondents was examined, 30 from Santanagar and 30 from Fulkahakatti in the Dhangadhimai region, selected randomly and proportionately from March to June 2022.Utilizing a fundamental irregular examining approach essential information was assembled through a pre-tested semi-structured survey, while secondary data was obtained through a review of literature relevant to the research topic MS Excel and SPSS-25 were utilized to analyze information including simple descriptive statistical measurements and ordering techniques. The typical total cost of production was found to be Rs 8,98,085.7 with variable costs representing 87.2% and fixed costs representing simply 12.8%. The exploration region's typical fish yield (5340.24 kg/ha) is more prominent than the national average (4300.28 kg/ha) and district average (4800 kg/ha). Numerous production issues were accounted for by respondents, including late inputs supply, a deficiency of quality fingerlings, unreasonable input costs, irresistible diseases and pests, and an absence of proper adequate training. Notwithstanding these issues, fish production is an effective industry with a high gross edge with Benefit-cost ratio 1.51. This suggests that although fish farming is a profitable business in the Dhangadhimai municipality, several policy implications may encourage it even more. To address these difficulties, a variety of policies need to be implemented, including control of fish markets, the supply of governmental subsidies, the provision of extension services, encouraging the engagement of women, and the provision of essential high-quality inputs
The Effect of Colchicine on Profiles and Contents of Withanolides of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) In vitro
No full textThis study aimed to determine the effect of in vitro polyploid induction using colchicine on the content of withanolides in Physalis angulata shoots. Polyploidy induction used two types of tissue, namely seeds from in vivo ripe fruit and in vitro cotyledonary nodes. Each tissue type was soaked in 0.1% colchicine for 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Seeds that had been soaked in colchicine were germinated in vitro and the cotyledonary nodes of seedling were used as explants for shoot induction. Meanwhile, the cotyledonary nodes that had been soaked in colchicine were immediately cultured on shoot induction medium. Media for shoot induction was MS + BAP 2 mg/L + IAA 0.05 mg/L. The shoots derived from multiplication were used for the analysis of withanolides content using the HPLC method. The results showed that a total of 38 withanolides compounds were detected in the retention time 21.6 to 36.8 minutes. Soaked the seeds in colchicine solution was more effective in increasing the withanolides content than the cotyledonary node tissues. All exposure time in colchicine only affected the intensity but had no effect on the profile of the withanolides
Investigate Stability and Genotypes X Environments Association in Egyptian Cotton Genotypes under Normal and Drought Condition Utilizing GGE-Biplot Model
No full textDrought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses in plants. This investigation aimed to study the effect of drought stress on twenty four cotton genotypes belonging to Gossypium barbadense L., in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Sakha Experimental Station, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh government, Egypt, during five growing seasons from 2016 to 2020 for the two treatments normal and drought. The normal irrigation treatment was done every fifteen days as recommended to receive eight irrigations during the growing season, while drought stress treatment received only four irrigations during the plant growth cycle. The studied traits were boll weight, seed cotton yield / plant, lint yield / plant and lint %. The four studied yield traits showed highly significant differences for genotypes, environments and G x E. These results indicated that the studied genotypes were differed in their responses under both treatments. Overall, the variation was mainly attributed to environments (20.921, 24.462, 26.975 and 32.549%) followed by the genotypes (14.669, 8.509, 7.499 and 5.016%) and GEI (11.934, 15.216, 13.786 and 9.004%) for boll weight, seed cotton yield, lint yield and lint %, respectively. Phenotypic stability of the twenty four cotton genotypes was tested using GGE-biplot method across ten environments. Based on GEI and GG-biplot analysis, genotypes G5, G19 and G20 located in the mega-environments (E1, E3 and E5) were identified as the ideal genotypes with more stability and higher lint cotton yield production
A Comparative Study on Hybrid and Inbred Rice Grown in Aman Season
No full textThis experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from July to December, with a view to finding out the growth and yield performance of selected hybrid and inbred rice varieties in Aman season. There were seven treatments which comprised seven rice varieties viz. Gold-5, BRRI dhan56, BRRI dhan57, BRRI dhan62, Suborna-3, BRRI hybrid dhan4 and Moyna. The experiment layout was RCBD with three replications. Seedling of 25 days old was transplanted to the main field maintaining spacing with 25 cm X 15 cm. The plot size was 3X3m2. Collected data were analyzed with statistix10 software following the standard procedure and method. Significant variation was found among the selected inbred and hybrid rice varieties in respect of their different growth and yield characters. All the hybrid varieties contained higher amount of chlorophyll in their flag leaf at flowering to maturity compared to the inbred. BRRI hybrid dhan4 showed superiority over the hybrid and inbred varieties in different growth parameters. BRRI hybrid dhan4 also showed superiority in case of yield parameters such as panicles (14.27), filled grains panicle-1(168.43), 1000-grain weight (26.07 g), biological yield (13.33 t ha-1) and grain yield (6.13 t ha-1). Rest of the hybrid varieties viz. Shuborna 3 (5.60 t ha-1), Gold (5.15 t ha-1) and Moyna (4.86t ha-1) also provided higher grain yield compared to BRRI dhan56 (4.63 t ha-1) and BRRI dhan57 (4.25 t ha-1). Panicles hill-1, filled grains panicle-1 and 1000 grain weight mainly contributed to the higher grain yield of the hybrid varieties over the inbred
In vitro Regeneration of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Using Sprout Explant
No full textIn vitro regeneration ability of four varieties of potato (Solanum tuberosum) was evaluated for plantlet production applying four hormonal concentrations and combinations. Shoot and root characteristics were observed at 15 days after inoculation of sprout explants. There was significant variation found among the four treatments in four studied traits. The genotype Chollisha exhibited superior performance in plantlet production among four genotypes. Out of four hormonal teatments, T3 {MS+ 2, 4- D (2 mg/l) + BAP (2 mg/l)} hormonal combination showed high effectiveness for in vitro plantlet regeneration. Therefore, this protocol might be used in future micropropagation of potato for large scale potato plantlet production
Extraction of Phenolic and Flavonoid from Seeds of Black Soybean (Glycine max L.)
No full textAims: The study was conducted on black soybean seeds (Glycine max. L) to optima the conditions of some factors affecting the extracted yield of polyphenol compounds.
Study Design: The factors include the types of solvent used (methanol, ethanol and acetone); solvent concentrations (40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 % v/v); ratio of sample and solvent (1:4,1:6, 1:8, 1:10) and cycle of extractions (2, 3, 4); extract times (2, 3, 4h) and temperature (30, 40, 50, 60 oC). The efficiency of polyphenol extract was shown by the content of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biotechnology and Food technology, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Viet Nam, from March 2021 to March 2022.
Methodology: The black soybean seeds were pulverized by a mill and defatted using the Soxhlet system with hexane for 10 hrs as described by Weidner et al. (2012). TPC was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method of Susu Giang et al (2013). TFC was determined by colorimetric method as described by Ozsoy et al (2008).
Results: The results showed that the extraction efficiency was high when using 70% acetone solvent; the appropriate ratio of soybean and solvent was 1:10 with 3 cycles of extraction. The extraction efficiency can be improved when extracting samples at temperature at 60oC for 4 hours, TPC and TFC content reached about 5.02±0.04 mgGAE/g and 2.74±0.03 mgQE/g.
Conclusion: 70% acetone is the most suitable solvent to extract polyphenols from black soybean. The ratio of sample in solvent is 1:10 (w/v), three times of extraction in 4 hours for each extraction cycle at 60°C for the highest extraction efficiency of TPC and TFC, reaching 7.02 ±0.04 mgGAE/g and 2.74±0.03 mgQE/g, respectively
Assessment of Factors Influencing Commercialization of Arable Crops among the selected Smallholder Farmers in Nigeria: A Case Study of Iwo Local Government Area of Osun State
No full textThe study looked into what prompted certain small-scale arable farmers in Nigeria to market their produces. As commercialization becomes more and more lauded as a model for rural development, many smallholders' capacity to do so is called into doubt. The objective of the study was to analyse the factors influencing the decision of smallholder farmers to commercialize the selected arable crops. Eighty Five smallholder farmers were randomly sampled for this study, which estimated farmers’ level of crop commercialization and identified factors contributing to their estimated engagement with markets. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain primary data from farmers, while reports from published materials were also reviewed. The study utilized the household commercialization index (HCI) and multiple regression model as its main analytical tools. The result of the commercialization index revealed that, among all crops grown, Cassava had the highest percentage of 54.68% with the lowest value of 6.83% for yam production. Empirical results revealed that farm size, Use of Hired Labour, use of inorganic fertilizer, improved farm profit and Enhanced total crop output, are all important drivers of crop commercialization. Thus, the study recommended that farmers should be empowered through credits and loans schemes in order to cultivate more hectares of land. Finally, farmers should be oriented by the extension agents on new methods of production, to avoid misuse of inorganic fertilizer, and to encourage them to sell rather than consume more of their crop output to increase their income level
Genetic Variability, Correlation Co-efficient and Path Analysis in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) Genotypes
No full textSoybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is an important oil seed and grain legume crop in the world and a perspective high potential crop in Bangladesh. It belongs to the family Leguminosae, sub-family papilionaceae and genus Glycine. An experiment was conducted with 14 genotypes of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) to study the variability, correlation coefficient, and path analysis. Analysis of variance for each trait showed significant differences among the genotypes. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were close to each other for all the characters except the leaf area index, indicating the minor environmental influence on the expression of these characters. High heritability associated with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for leaf area index, number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight, and yield, which pointed out that selection for these characters, would be effective. The significant positive correlation with seed yield was found in pod length and 100 seed weight which revealed that selection based on these traits would improve yield ultimately. Path coefficient analysis evidenced that 50% flowering, pod length, days to 1st pod maturity, number of seed per plant and 100 seed weight had a positive direct effect on yield per plant. Therefore, importance must be given to these characters in further breeding programs to improve soybean yield
Combining Ability and Heritability Analysis for Early Maturity and Yield Traits in Contemporary Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
No full textAn experiment was carried out with North Carolina Mating Design II (NC II) derived F1 progenies along with parents to know nature of gene action in regulating early maturity, yield and yield contributing traits. The principal objective of this research was to identify best parents and specific cross combinations based on combining ability analysis and estimation of heritability. Hybrids and their parents were arranged in a 8 by 8 partially balanced lattice design with two replicates. Kanchan, BARI Gom-25 × BARI Gom-21, BARI Gom-26 × Kanchan, Rawal × Kanchan, Rawal × BARI Gom-22 and BARI Gom-23 × Kheri showed earliness and BARI Gom-25 × BARI Gom-21 showed highest yield potentiality. The genotypes BARI Gom-28 and BARI Gom-30 were used as checks and the selected genotypes performed comparatively better than the checks. The genetic analysis exhibited significant additive and non-additive genetic variations for all the traits. For earliness and yield potentiality the variance due to SCA was highly significant than GCA. Heritability estimates revealed low broad sense heritability except the traits i.e. days to 50% flowering, days to 100% flowering, plant height and 100-grain weight, which exhibited medium heritability. Narrow sense heritability was low for all the traits. The GCA effect of 15 parental genotypes was insignificant for all the traits that were assessed. BARI Gom-25 x BARI Gom-21, BARI Gom-23 x BARI Gom-21, BARI Gom-25 x BARI Gom-27, BARI Gom-26 x Kanchan, BARI Gom-26 x BARI Gom-28, BARI Gom-25 x BARI Gom-27 showed significant SCA effects for earliness. BARI Gom-25 x BARI Gom-22, BARI Gom-26 x CB51 showed significant SCA effects for yield potentiality
Investigation of Agro-morphological Characters between 34 Accessions of Trifolium resupinatum L
No full textAgro-morphological characters in 34 populations of Iranian Trifolium resupinatum L. germplasm, were investigated. 24 traits for each accession were evaluated according to white clover and forage legume descriptors. Data were analyzed by SPSS and Excel softwares. Statistical tendency parameters for agro-morphological characters were calculated. A cluster analysis based on morphological traits separate populations in two different groups that in one cluster there was an only accession belongs to Kurdestan locality. Factor analysis have shown that 61/24% of collection variations were expressed by six factors. Leaflet shape, calyx trichome, the length of leaflet and inflorescence diameter were the most important morphological characters and the weight of 1000 seeds, number of days until to flowering were significant agricultural traits. . Based on these results, it seems that variation in germplasms is independent to geographical distribution. This research showed that there is a high biodiversity for this species in Iran due to the diverse environmental conditions, so that be useful for breeding programs and marketing