Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
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Performance of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) under Multipurpose Forest and Fruit Tree Species in Mid Elevation Areas of Conner, Apayao
No full textThis study was conducted to determine the growth and yield performance of ginger integrated as cash crop in Guina-ang, Conner, Apayao. Specifically, to determine the performance of ginger in the partially shaded areas in terms of plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves/ tiller, length of leaves, length of rhizomes, width of rhizomes, weight of rhizome and total weight of harvested rhizomes. Two cropping combinations were used in the study. Results of the study showed that the ginger plants cultivated under Forest Trees + Coffee + Banana + Mangosteen + Ginger + Tannia crop combination had significantly higher plant height (68.80 cm), number of tillers (11.90), number of leaves/tiller (15.10), length of leaves 22.80 cm), length of rhizomes (24.20 cm), weight of rhizome (78.53g) and total weight of harvested rhizomes (40.50 kg) compared with ginger cultivated under Forest Trees + Lanzones + Cacao + Black Pepper + Ginger cropping combination. However, no significant difference was recorded in the width of rhizomes between the two cropping combinations. The ginger plants cultivated in of the CAFE Project site can be cultivated under forest and fruit tree species in mid elevation areas of Conner, Apayao
Awareness of Beneficiaries on the School–On-Air (SOA) Program of the Department of Agriculture on Halal Goat Production in Maguindanao
No full textThe study was conducted to evaluate and assessed the evident of awareness of beneficiaries on the School on Air (SOA) program on Halal Goat Production of the Department of Agriculture – Maguindanao, BARMM. It was conducted in the province of Maguindanao, Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. Specifically, it covered six (5) municipalities with one hundred eighty (100) goat raisers who also participated in the Halal Small Ruminant School on the Air Program.
Results showed that majority of the respondents/goat raisers have high level of awareness on the Halal Goat program based on their responses to the different survey parameters. Many of them also disclosed that thru Halal goat school on the air program their knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSA) were enhanced and improved.On the other hand, some of the respondents also observed some gaps and issues in the program implementation, however, they also indicated recommendations for the improvement of future programming. Among them were, use of bilingual in the delivery of relevant information, especially to the rural farmers, regular monitoring of DA technical experts/personnel to their farms and careful use of the word “halal” which, according to them, must be supported by corresponding verses from the holy Quran whenever possible
Developing Genetic Coefficients of Sorghum Cultivars Using Gencalc and Glue Genetic Coefficient Estimators in DSSAT
No full textDSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) is a software system used for crop growth and development, soil and water balance, nutrient cycling, climate change impact simulations and precision agriculture. The objective of this study was to calibrate and validate the sorghum cultivars TNAU sorghum CO 30 and K12 under various sowing windows and fertilizer applications. CERES-Sorghum model (DSSAT v 4.7.5) was calibrated and validated using experimental field data obtained from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. The derived genotype co-efficients of sorghum cultivars simulated the phenology, growth and yield accurately well under various sowing windows and nitrogen levels. The nRMSE (Normalised Root Mean Square Error) values for simulations for grain yield were 2.4 per cent and 8.8 per cent for TNAU sorghum CO 30 and K12, respectively. The mean simulated grain yield was 3127 kg/ha against the observed grain yield of 3052 kg/ha in TNAU CO 30 sorghum. The mean observed grain yield was 3312 kg/ha against the observed grain yield of 3020 kg/ha K 12. The model satisfactorily simulated the phenology and yield of sorghum cultivars, and hence it can be used in undertaking suitable management practices and yield prediction under changing climatic conditions in the western region of Tamil Nadu
Correlation Analysis of Watermelon Price among Markets in Yobe State, Nigeria
No full textThe study was aimed at determining the price relationship among major watermelon markets in Yobe State, Nigeria. Three (3) Local Government Areas (lGAs) were purposively selected i.e. Nguru, Bade and Potiskum. The main objective of the study was to calculate the magnitude and direction of the prices of watermelon in the 3 LGAs, this will assist the marketers know which market to supply to for more earnings. The correlation coefficient and Johansen and Juselius co-integration test was employed as the analytical tools. The descriptive result revealed a mean age of 41years, 8 number of person per household, and 18 years of business experience. The Pearson Correlation matrix showed that the prices between Nguru and Bade was 0.097, Nguru and Potiskum -0.012. This expresses clearly that there was a very weak relationship. Also, the Johansson Co-integration test results revealed that the prices were not integrated. The paper concluded that the three watermelon markets were very independent of each other. It was recommended that watermelon fruits should be transformed into other forms to attract better prices and open up more markets for it
Planning for the Development of Coffee Farming in the Context of Regional Development in Tapanuli Utara Regency
No full textThis study aims to design a development plan for coffee farming in North Tapanuli Regency. The research methodology involves Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to identify the main bases of coffee farming, SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis with an A\u27WOT matrix for weighting determination, and coffee production trend analysis using a linear trend model to forecast production for the period 2023-2033. The findings reveal that several districts in North Tapanuli Regency, including Parmonangan, Sipoholon, Tarutung, Siatas Barita, Pangaribuan, Sipahutar, Siborongborong, Pagaran, and Muara, are identified as the main bases for coffee farming. Determining factors involve land, capital, market, human resources, and technology. Development strategies include institutional optimization, the formation of joint cooperatives, and enhanced coordination among relevant authorities. Production forecasts indicate positive growth until 2033. Recommendations involve institutional optimization, cooperative formation, increased coordination, land protection, and efforts to enhance human resources. With the implementation of these strategies, it is anticipated that coffee farming will positively contribute to the economic growth and well-being of the local community in North Tapanuli Regency
Income Effect of Participation in Agricultural Production: The Case of Smallholder Maize Farmers in Tanzania
No full textAgriculture is an important sector of the Tanzanian economy, contributing about 26.9% to GDP. About 80% of the population depends on agriculture as a source of income. Extant literature shows mixed results regarding the relationship between agricultural participation and income. This study investigated effect of agricultural participation on income in Tanzania. The National Sample Census of Agriculture data 2019/2020 with a sample of 11,812 households was used. The study employed a quasi-experimental design. Propensity score matching was used to analyse the effect of household participation in maize production on income in Tanzania. The findings show that households participate in maize production have a negatively and significantly effect on their household income. Again, the use of fertilizer, off-farm employment, land size, and type of seed used positively and significantly influenced participation in maize production. On the other hand, sex of the household head, membership in cooperative, use of irrigation and herbicides had negative and significant effects on participation in maize production. Consequently, there is a need to provide necessary agricultural inputs such as fertilizer, improved seeds and a more enabling environment for land ownership to be used in maize production among smallholder farmers
Traditional Seed Production and Processing Method for Urochloa Grass Employed by Farmers in the Adamawa Region of Cameroon
No full textAims: To investigate the traditional / local seed processing system employed by farmers in the Adamawa region, examine the practices and techniques used in seed production and processing.
Study Design: A purposive random sampling technique was used.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at seven localities (Ngaousai, Youkou, Wakwa, Darang, Mbidjoro, Beka and Bini) in Adamawa region, Vina division (Ngoundere) between September and October 2019
Methodology: The research included a combination of phone calls interviews, focus group discussion (FGD) and use of semi-structured questionnaires. The views of 16 farmers were sampled focusing on socioeconomic characteristics, the benefits of Urochloa grass, perception of Urochloa grass and seeds production system as well as cost of production of Urochloa seeds. The economic return in terms of benefit/cost ratio was calculated taking into consideration the current prices of various inputs.
Results: Male-headed families made up 81% of the respondents. Most of the respondents were within the productive ages of 31-40 years (31%) and 41-50 years (31%). Majority of respondents (75%) owned their farms and most of them (63%) have been farming for more than 10 years, with (44%) of them farming on areas between 5 and 10 hectares. 68.7% of the respondents get their seeds from past harvest. Most of the farmers (86.7%) harvest seeds using direct heading. Over all, the majority of respondents (81.25%) prepare their seeds by sun drying. In terms of economic value, results showed a Benefit: Cost ratio of more than 1.
Conclusion: The study contributes to the preservation and dissemination of indigenous knowledge related to Urochloa seed processing method. Thereby reducing the dependence of importing seeds to enhance livestock production. These findings underscore the potential of Urochloa seed production as a profitable agricultural activity that can contribute to the economic well-being of farmers in the region
Heat Stress Effects on Leaf Physiological Performances, Vegetative Growth and Grain Yield of Grain Corn (Zea mays L.)
No full textThe impact of climate change on agricultural production will be most pronounced in tropical and subtropical regions, with numerous climate modeling studies predicting more occurrences of heat waves in the future. Elevated temperatures resulting from global warming pose a significant threat to the agricultural sector, as warmer conditions can hinder plant growth and development, leading to reduced crop yields or even crop failure under extreme circumstances. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of ambient, non-heated (30 °C) and heat stress conditions (38 °C) on the plant physiological responses, growth and yield of grain corn during both the vegetative and reproductive stages. The results demonstrated that exposure to heat stress for 7 days significantly impacted the physiological performance of the plants, resulting in a substantial 46.9% reduction in net photosynthetic rate. However, prolonged exposure to heat for 28 days caused even more severe effects, with a 72.5% reduction in net photosynthetic rate. Although the effects of heat stress on vegetative growth were not apparent after 7 days, the plants exhibited severe damage after 28 days of heat stress treatment. During the flowering stage, heat stress led to significant reduction in kernel set, total kernel number, and grain weight of grain corn by 45%, 41%, and 46%, respectively. Poor and scattered kernel set on cobs during the heat stress treatment at the anthesis period indicated damage to pollen grains, failed pollination, and fertilization. These findings highlight the vulnerability of grain corn varieties cultivated in Malaysia to the negative impacts of heat stress, leading to potential losses in production yield
Morphophysiological Responses of Two Chenopodium quinoa Genotypes to Salinity in a Hydroponic System
No full textThe Chenopodium quinoa is poised to be a promising species for future food security and combating climate change because of its nutritional content and its halophytic peculiarity. This study focuses on the differential responses of salt-tolerant (Chadmo) and salt-sensitive (Kankolla) under control (CK) and 400 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) in five temporal dimensions (1/2, 1, 3, 6, and 24 h post-treatment time points). Morphological and physiological features assessed include root/shoot dry weight ratio, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), total chlorophyll (CHL), and adaxial and abaxial epidermal bladder cells (EBC). The results indicated a reduction in dry biomass for both genotypes after treatment with Chadmo and Kankolla at 46.96% and 73.07%, respectively. Similarly, a significant reduction in the RWC with Chadmo at 16.69 % and Kankolla at 13.19% was detected. Under 400 mM NaCl condition and CK, Chadmo\u27s average net photosynthetic rate reduced from 15.73±2.97 to 13.02±2.75 µmol CO2 m-1s-1, indicating 17.24% reduction while in the Kankolla, the reduction from was 13.43±4.12 to 8.34±3.16 µmol CO2 m-1s-1 representing 37.92% decline. In addition, this study showed a significant difference (p<0.05) being identified on ANOVA and Tukey analyses in root/shoot dry weight ratio, RWC, membrane stability index (MSI), total chlorophyll (CHL), and adaxial and abaxial epidermal bladder cells (EBC). Those measurement criteria increased by 14.45% and 3.45% in Chadmo and Kankolla, respectively, from the CK to 400 mM NaCl. Using these morpho-physiological responses to salinity, Chadmo proved to be the better-performing genotype when exposed to 400 mM NaCl and hence identified as the salt-tolerant genotype
Infestation Status of Some Major Insect Pests of Soybean and Their Management
No full textThe study was conducted to investigate the effective management of some major insect pests of soybean in the research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from December, 2020 to March 2021. The experiment was designed with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. During this experiment total six insecticides were tested viz., Lambda-Cyhalothrin @1ml/L of water Neemoil @1ml/L of water with 3g of detergent; Thiamethoxam @0.5g/L of water; Spinosad @0.5ml/L of water; Chlorantraniliprole @0.3ml/L of water; Emamectin Benzoate @1ml/L of water. Data on different pests populaton number and yield were collected and recorded. The lowest population per unit of whitefly and jassid was found in Emamectin Benzoate @1ml/L of water treated plots after consecutive three times application. Similarly, lowest unit of aphid was found in Chlorantraniliprole @0.3ml/L of water; treated plots. On the other hand, Thiamethoxam @0.5gl/L of water were found effective against whitefly, aphid, pod borer per plant, while the highest infestation was observed in control plots. The maximum yield was 1.68 t/ha, observed from Emamectin Benzoate @1ml/L of water, followed by (1.61 t/ha ) Chlorantraniliprole @0.3ml/L of water Among the treatments, Emamectin Benzoate @1ml/L of water was more effective for the controlling of insect pests as well as yield of soybean