Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
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Clinical, Pathological and Epidemiological Aspects of Cephalopina titillator Larval, Exciter in Camelus dromedaris from the Rafsanjan Region, Iran
No full textThe camel nasal bot fly is an obligate parasite which its larvae causes nasopharyngeal myiasis and the 3rd generation of larvae may cause serious nasal mucosal damage. The present study was conducted on Camelus dromedaris to determine the clinical assessment, seasonal prevalence and also pathological adverse effect of Cephalopina titillator in Rafsanjan region (South east of Iran). Due to history and dental formula, camels were divided into four age groups: less than two years (62 cases), two to five years (86 cases), five to nine (42 cases) and more than nine years (10 cases), which positive cases confirmed in 12 (19.4%%), 31 (36%), 40 (95.2%) and 10 (100%) cases, respectively. The major clinical signs of naturally infected camel was categorized in three main parts; Respiratory signs, nervous behavior and general symptoms which the main ones were related to stridor and nasal discharge. Suspected larvae with average 14.83±4.35 was recovered from 93 infested camels and evaluated microscopically for determining the larval stage. Furthermore, the gross and histopathological findings were recorded by using tissue samples. These non sex related findings showed that with increasing the age, susceptibility to this specific parasite infestation increased as well (p<0.001). No significant seasonal changes were recorded, but the incidence rate was higher in March, April and September. Different larval stage were mostly found in nasal cavity, nasopharyngeal and laryngeal areas which was accompanied by local inflammation, regional edema and serosanguinous exudate. Microscopical findings were showed the epithelial damage along with lymphoid hyperplasia, accumulation of inflammatory cells and remnants of necrotic tissue. However, fibroblasts proliferation, connective tissue formation along with some degrees of atrophy and focal calcification were the significant findings of chronic infestation.
These findings indicate the presence of heavy larval infestation in camel of Rafsanjan region which imposes severe economic losses and affect their health, growth and related productions. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out the necessary measures for the biological control of the camel nasal bot fly
Analysis of the Extension and Technological Gaps in Rice–Wheat Production System in Chhattisgarh Plain of Madhya Pradesh, India
No full textThe present study was conducted under rice-wheat cropping system in Chhattisgarh Plain of Madhya Pradesh to find out the extension and technological gap in technological interventions under farmers FIRST project at College of Agriculture, Balaghat. The 60 demonstrations on farmers’ fields with a total of 24.0 ha area were selected under the farmer FIRST project. Prevailing farmer’s practices were treated as control for comparison with recommended practices. Results of two years’ data revealed that the rice crop average yield of demonstrated intervention was 41.35 q/ha over control (34.40 q/ha) with an increase of 20.19%, while in case wheat average yield was recorded 30.22 over the control 24.35 q/ha with an increase of 21.11%. The extension gap was observed 6.95 and 6.15 q/ha, while, the technology gap were 8.65 and 13.35 q/ha in rice and wheat, respectively. The technology index was 17.30% and 32.83% in rice and wheat, respectively
Response of Upland New Rice for Africa (NERICA) to Nitrogen Fertilization in the Guinea Savannah Agro-ecological Zone
No full textThe trial was conducted during the cropping season of 2020 June to November on the upland field of the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), at Nyankpala near Tamale in the Northern Region of Ghana. The objective was to establish the response of Upland New Rice for Africa (NERICA) to nitrogen fertilization in the Guinea Savannah Agroecological Zone. Two upland NERICAs were used. A 2×2×5 factorial experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications. The Phosphorus and Nitrogen fertilizers rates were 0, 60 kg P/ha and 0, 30, 60, and 120 kg N/ha respectively. There were significant differences (p< 0.05) in the effect of P and N levels on plant height, number of tillers, panicle weight, and straw weight. Combined application of 60kg P/ha and 60kg N/ha increased the grain yield of upland NERICAs. The upland NERICA in the savannah zone should get 60 kg N/ha in addition to 60 kg P/ha for the best grain production
Effect of Different Levels of Humic Acid and Salicylic Acid on Yield ParameterS and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata)
No full textAn investigation was carried out at Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad (U.P.) during Kharif season of 2013 to find out the effect of different levels of humic acid and salicylic acid on yield contributing parameters and yield of cowpea. The design of the experiment was Randomized Block Design and comprises of six treatments replicated thrice. The maximum pod per plant was recorded with T5 (Foliar spray of humic acid (26 ml/liter water) and 0.2% salicylic acid at 35, 55 and 65 DAS) while minimum number of pods per plant recorded in T2 (Foliar spray of humic acid (26 ml/liter water) at 25 DAS and 0.2% salicylic acid 55 DAS). Maximum pod length (75.92 cm), Maximum number of seed per pod (13.67) and 100 seed weight (13.29 g) was recorded in T5, followed by T4. The maximum seed yield per plant of 13.10 g and harvest index (42.28 %) was reported with the application of humic acid @ (26 ml/liter water) and 0.2% salicylic acid at 35, 55 and 65 DAS
Groundwater Quality of Regions Surrounding the Noyyal River in Tiruppur District and its Impact on Agriculture
No full textPublic policy is in response to public real-world problems. Its relevance is also essential as well. One such policy is to control the pollution problem in rivers. In this connection, evidence is focused here by a research study on Noyyal river pollution in Tiruppur district of Tamil Nadu state in India. The Noyyal River is one of the non-perennial rivers flowing in the eastern part of Tamil Nadu, predominantly in the Tiruppur district. Its river basin, including groundwater, gradually deteriorated due to the discharge of industrial effluents (pollution) over the years until 2011, after which the ZLD policy was in practice in complete stoppage of pollution. This study evaluated groundwater quality and its impact on the area surrounding the Noyyal River in the Avinashi and Palladam blocks of the Tirupur district after the implementation of ZLD. The selected block is divided into three regions based on the distance from the river, with 40 sample farms from each region contributing to a total of 120 samples. Based on the farmer’s opinion, the study found that water quality was inferior in the closer region as it tasted inadequate (salty) and unsuitable for use. However, in distant regions, the water tastes good. The results can be proved with groundwater samples in the study area with high salt contents (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, etc.). The constructed water quality index is also high (>75%) in the closer region, showing the pollution intensity. The study concludes that pollution caused by the dyeing industries in the groundwater still exists in the study area and therefore recommends allotment of a small area of land under farm ponds to store good quality water during rains, thereby ensuring percolation of rainwater to improve the quality of groundwater and thus enabling the ecosystem for agricultural improvement
In-vitro Efficacy of Different Fungicides and Bioagents for Management Wilt of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus] Incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum
No full textFusarium wilt of watermelon caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum has been emerged as one of the major threats to the profitable cultivation of watermelon crops. In present investigation, seven fungicides viz., namely Carbendazim 50% WP, Copper Oxychloride 50% WP, Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG, Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% (75% WP), Chlorothalonil 75% WP, Azoxystrobin 23% SC and Tebuconazole 25.9% EC along with four bioagents namely, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii and Trichoderma longibrachiatum were evaluated the in vitro at two different concentrations for their efficacy against the pathogen causing wilt in of watermelon. Among the different fungicides evaluated, Carbendazim 50% WP (0.1% and 0.2% concentration) and Carbendazim 12% +Mancozeb 63% (0.1% and 0.2% concentration) were completely inhabited the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. niveum completely. Among the different bioagents evaluated, Trichoderma harzianum was found to be the most effective, exhibiting significantly the least mycelial growth (22.50 mm) and the highest mycelial growth inhibition (75.00%) of the test pathogen
Personal and Socio-economic Characteristics of Farmers in Peri-Urban Area of Raigad District, India
No full textUrban and peri-urban agriculture can also be defined as practices that yield food and other outputs through agricultural production and related processes, (transformation, distribution, marketing, recycling) taking place on land and other spaces within cities and surrounding region.
The present study was conducted in Raigad district of Konkan region of Maharashtra to know profile of farmers in peri-urban area of Raigad District. The study employed an ex-post facto research design. The study was conducted by taking total sample of 100 respondents. The data was collected with the help of pre-tested interview schedule through personal interview. Study concluded that majority (62.00%) of the peri-urban farmers belonged to 40 to 58 years age group. Around (36.00%) of the respondents belonged to Secondary education status category. Majority (78.00%) of the respondent belonged to a medium family size (60.00%) of the respondents had medium level of farming experience. Majority (33.00%) of the respondents belonged to the marginal size of land holding. A majority (36.00%) of the respondents from peri-urban area were engaged in agriculture. Maximum number (70.00%) respondents had annual income. Majority (60.00%) of the respondents had fair irrigation status. Majority (41.00%) of the respondents were found “one training” category. Two-thirds (82.00%) of the respondents had medium-level “information seeking behaviour”
Study on Sensory Analysis of Gulabjamun Prepared by Utilization of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Pulp
No full textPresent investigation was carried out at Dairy Science Laboratory of Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture, Dr. BSKKV., Dapoli (M.S.) to study the Utilization of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) pulp for the preparation of gulabjamun. In present study, Khoa prepared from buffalo milk and sweet potato pulp was used in preparation of Gulabjamun. Sweet potato pulp was used at five levels i.e., 0,5,10,15,20 whereas khoa was used at 90,85,80,75 and 70 %. Maida was added 10 % at the five-treatment combination. Studied for its sensory properties such as colour and appearance, body and texture, flavour, overall acceptability was carried out by trained panelist using 9-point hedonic scale. It was found that Gulabjamun made from utilization of sweet potato pulp at 15% was best in present investigation and it may conclude that sweet potato pulp can be successfully utilized for preparation of gulabjamun
Evaluation of Different Bio and Chemical Insecticides Against Aphids, Aphis craccivora Koch Infesting Dolichos Bean
No full textA field experiment was carried out to evaluation of different insecticides against Aphis craccivora Koch infesting dolichos bean at Vegetable Improvement Scheme. After the first and second spray it was revealed that the treatment (Diafenthiuron) was the most effective recording number of aphids 80.65%. Treatments (Imidacloprid, Azadirachtin and Dimethoate also showed significant control, with per cent reductions of 74.86, 73.98, and 70.47%respectively. Bio insecticides Lecanicillium lecanii and Metarhizium anisopliae low significant reduction 45.98% and 29.66 %
Impact of Crop Establishment Methods on the Growth and Yield Performance of Maize Varieties in the Kharif Season
No full textA field trial was carried out in Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, during the Kharif season to evaluate the performance of maize varieties using various planting methods. The study included five distinct planting techniques: Flat, Bed, Ridgetop, Ridge mid-slope and Broad Ridge mid-slope both sides. Two maize varieties were tested: the composite PSM-1 and the hybrid DKC 9144. Results showed that the Broad Ridge mid-slope on both sides method led to the highest growth parameters, including; plant height, stem girth and dry matter accumulation per plant. During both the years, the Broad Ridge mid-slope planting method led to notable increase in plant height (7% and 6.1%), stem girth (5.25 & 4.67 cm) and dry matter accumulation (13.6% & 20.7%) respectively when compared to the flat planting method. Among the varieties, the hybrid DKC 9144 exhibited greater height, stem girth, more dry matter accumulation, grain and stover yields compared to the composite PSM-1. The findings suggest that the broad ridge mid-slope planting method, and hybrid variety DKC 9144, was the most effective and viable strategy for Kharif maize production in tarai region