Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
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Application of Phototrophic Microorganisms as Biofertilizer Isolated from South Gujarat, India
No full textChemical fertilizers have impact on soil texture and also affects the plant growth upto certain level. Due to overuse of chemicals, soil profile has major changes in Gujarat. South Gujarat having major agricultural practices in vegetables, fruits and Sugarcane. The phtotrophic microorganisms isolated from wetland of Nanikakrad situated near to Navasari. The impact of algal biofertilizers on the growth of Solanum melongena, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annum was researched through a pot study. Plant height, width, and the number of leaves at different time intervals were measured, and soil nutrient levels were analysed by measuring Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur content. A total of 30 pots (10 for each plant species) were used, and eight different isolates were applied across treatment. Two pots of plants were maintained as controls; one including chemical fertilizers. Plant growth was significantly promoted by isolates I1 and I2 in Solanum melongena, while in Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum, all treatments improved growth compared with controls. Chlorophyll content was significantly increased in chemical fertilized Solanum melongena, whereas in Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum, I1 significantly increased Chlorophyll content. These findings underline the potential of algal biofertilizers as a smarter, safer alternative to chemical fertilizers that promise to drive sustainable growth in agriculture
Computation of Heritability for Production and Reproduction Traits in Frieswal Cattle under Field Progeny Testing
No full textAims: To study the genetic parameter (heritability) for production and reproduction traits in Frieswal cattle under field progeny testing programme.
Place and Duration of Study: G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, between March, 2023 and March, 2024.
Methodology: The present study was conducted on 1163 Frieswal cattle comprised of five different sets maintained at six field units over a period from 2013-2021. The traits considered were age at sexual maturity (ASM), age at first calving (AFC), gestation period (GP), test day peak yield (TDPY), 305 days milk yield (305D-MY), fat percentage (FP), lactation length (LL), calving interval (CI), service period (SP), number of services per conception (NSPC), dry period (DP). The data were analyzed for the estimation of heritability by the software WOMBAT.
Results: The heritability estimates of the traits namely; ASM, AFC, GP, TDPY, 305D-MY, FP, LL, CI, SP, NSPC and DP were 0.469±0.082, 0.467±0.082, 0.259±0.067, 0.248±0.059, 0.354±0.013, 0.413±0.069, 0.389±0.071, 0.394±0.071, 0.452±0.072, 0.072±0.046 and 0.08±0.06, respectively.
Conclusion: Therefore, the heritability estimates were found to be low to high magnitude for different reproduction and production traits and further it has been concluded that, this study will aid breeders in selecting high-performing animals for future generations, taking into account the genetic factors that influence milk production and reproductive traits during early lactation
Effect of Different Levels of Integrated Nutrient Management in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
No full textA field experiment was conducted during the Rabi session of 2020-21 in Jaunpur district which lies Indo-Gangetic plains of Central Uttar Pradesh to study the effect of integrated nutrient management in mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The trial was laid down in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and twelve treatments viz, T1 100% RDF, T2 100% RDF + Azotobacter, T3 100% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB, T4 75% RDF + 25% N from FYM, T5 75% RDF + 25% N from FYM + Azotobacter, T6 75% RDF + 25% N from FYM + Azotobacter + PSB, T7 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM, T8 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM + Azotobacter, T9 50% RDF + 50% N from FYM + Azotobacter + PSB, T10 25% RDF + 75% N from FYM, T11 25% RDF + 75% N from FYM + Azotobacter, T12 25% RDF + 75% N from FYM + Azotobacter + PSB. Result of this study revealed that there was significant effect on growth and yield parameters. Plant height, number of branches, number of siliques, length of silique, number of seed per siliqua, test weight, seed and stover yield in T6 which was statistically at par with T9, T8, T7, T3. Maximum yield (1807 kg/ha) was recorded in T6. It may be concluded that RDF with organic Manure (FYM) and Biofertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB) is possible to produce more yield in mustard crops cultivated without much soil productivity under Indo-Gangetic plains of central Uttar Pradesh
Impact of Conservation Tillage on Soil Physical Properties under Sorghum-wheat Cropping System in Semi-arid Tropics of Haryana, India
No full textThe study was conducted at Research Farm of CCSHAU, Hisar. Three tillage (Zero tillage, conventional tillage and minimum tillage) and four P treatments (0, 45, 60, and 75 kg ha-1) were applied in wheat. The mean weight diameter of soil aggregates in 0-5 cm soil depth was significantly higher under zero tillage as compared to other tillage practices. Maximum aggregation was in 5-10 cm soil depth. Amongst three tillage systems, bulk density increased with depth. The saturated hydraulic conductivity was significantly improved under zero tillage as compared to other practices. Moisture content was significantly higher at field capacity under zero tillage as compared to other methods, while moisture content at permanent wilting point (PWP) was not affected significantly by tillage treatments. Infiltration rate was almost identical under conventional tillage and minimum tillage practices, respectively which was significantly lower than the zero tillage
A Comparative Study of Detrending Methods on Crop Yield Time Series for Drought Studies
No full textDetrending is a statistical technique that removes systematic variations or trends from time series data, allowing analysts to focus on the underlying patterns or fluctuations. While multiple detrending approaches have been applied but rarely discussed their consistency of outcomes and effectiveness in accurately capturing better yield trends. The validation of drought occurrences has proven to be a challenging task due to the non-stationary characteristics of time series data related to crop yield. This research utilizes time series of cotton yield data from the Marathwada region covering the period from 1998 to 2021. Three traditional trend models, including simple linear regression, second-order polynomial regression and central moving average were applied. Additionally, two machine learning models (random forest and support vector regression) were tested with a novel approach. Moreover, two decomposition models (additive and multiplicative) were used to remove non-linear trends in crop yield time series data. The performance of the chosen models was evaluated based on metrics such as root mean square error, mean absolute error, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, and index of agreement. The results suggest that the most effective detrending approach involves combining a random forest machine learning model with an additive decomposition model
Performance Evaluation of Eighteen Grain Corn Varieties Cultivated in BRIS Soil
No full textIn Malaysia, grain corn is mostly used as poultry feed. Grain corn is an important crop that plays a major role in the food, feed, and seed industries. This study aims to evaluate and identify the best hybrid va with high yield, wide adaptability, and high stability when cultivated in BRIS soil for recommendation to growers or farmers. The field experiment was conducted in MARDI Bachok with BRIS soil type. All 18 hybrid lines\u27 performances were evaluated based on yield, days to 50% pollen shed, plant height, total cob number, cob weight with husk, and cob weight without husk. This study used modified basic agronomic practices in terms of planting and maintenance of grain corn in the field. The result showed that dry yield production does not show a significant difference between the 18 hybrid varieties tested, but these results are mostly the highest compared to cultivation in Kelantan, Malaysia, over past years. Days to 50% pollen shed, plant height, ear placement height, cob girth, cob weight with no husk, and core weight showed a significant difference between all grain corn hybrids tested. Out of 18 hybrids, DK9979C and P4554 variety showed higher yields (12.9 tons/ha) compared to others. Meanwhile, variety GWG111 had the lowest yield (8.4 tons/ha), whereas the rest of the variety had a moderate yield (average 9 to 11 tons/ha). These results indicate that BRIS soil can potentially be used as an alternative for high-yield production
Analysis of Yield Gap by Front Line Demonstrations in Wheat in Banaskantha District of Gujarat, India
No full textThe front line demonstration is very effective tool to demonstrate the recommended technologies among farmers. We conducted eighty demonstrations on wheat with recommended package of practices during 2018 to 2021 in Banaskantha district. The results revealed that the yield of wheat with latest improved practises under irrigated conditions were ranges from 4452 to 4502 kg/ha. While, it ranges between 3885 to 4099 kg/ha in farmer practice. The per cent increase in yield with improved practices over farmer practices were recorded in the range of 9.03 to 15.39 per cent. Extension gap of were ranging from 380 to 598 kg/ha. The benefit cost ratio was 2.19 to 2.87 under demonstration, while it was 1.44 to 2.34 under local check. Yield potential of wheat could be enhanced to a great extent with increasing the farmer’s income by conducting front line demonstration of latest recommended technologies
Response of Biofertilizer and Molybdenum on Growth and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
No full textThe field experiment was conducted during rabi season, 2023-24 at research farm, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur. The experiment was layout in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The treatments consisted of biofertilizers like Azotobacter and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) and three level of Molybdenum (400, 600 and 800 ppm) and control. The soil in the experimental area was sandy loam with pH (7.81), Organic Carbon (0.21%), Available N (132.5 kg/ha), Available P (21.13 kg/ha) and Available K (203.24 kg/ha). Seed rate is 100 kg/ha. The application of biofertilizers + PSB + 800 ppm Mo significantly increased the Plant height (110.46 cm), Dry matter accumulation (542.54 g/m2), No. of tillers/ running row meter (93.51), Number of effective tillers m-2 (199.86), Number of grains spike-1 (53.60), Grain yield (3450 kg/ha) and Straw Yield (6562 kg/ha) of barley over the control.  
A Holistic Review on Impact of Demonetization on Animal Husbandry Sector
No full textThe impact created in the year 2016 by demonetization policy on India\u27s animal husbandry industry analyse different effects which are critically analysed using different studies. The goal of demonetization, which invalidated ₹500 and ₹1000 banknotes, was to suppress corruption, burden the use of counterfeit money, and encourage online transactions [1,2]. Animal husbandry holds as strongest pillar of India\u27s rural economy, and the current study of demonetization examines the short- and long-term effects on it. The short term effects like Price volatility, lack of liquidity, and decreased market demand particularly impacted small-scale livestock, dairy, and poultry producers [3]. The studies also suitably reveal that farmers faced many significant challenges, including loss of livelihood, disrupted supply chains, and restricted access to banking facilities, increased debt, and limited farm investments [4]. The Long-term effects included a rise in the use of formal banking, a move toward digital payments, and structural modifications to cooperatives. The present agriculture and allied industries scenario, which mainly depends on cash transactions, experienced significant disruptions in labor payments, input procurement, and livestock sales etc [2]. The report also assesses government actions, such as initiatives to promote digital payments, sector-specific relief programs, and financial inclusion The policy recommends the need for more efforts to raise digital literacy in rural communities, improved rural banking infrastructure in order to improve the sector\u27s adaptability to future economic uncertainties [5,3]
Evaluation of Okra Varieties under Sub-humid Plains of South-East Rajasthan for Morphological and Phenological Traits
No full textVegetable crop okra is well known for its Indian vegetable export and household consumption, contribution and thus should be explored for cultivation under various agro climatic zones. Enhanced production of this crop is only possible via improved and high yielding cultivars in comparison to other cultivars grown at same time or under same condition. Hadoti region of South-East Rajasthan, can serve a okra production in better way if the productive varieties can be screened for this region, which is lacking till date. Hence an experiment is made to recommend a variety, which performs better under South-East climatic conditions of Rajasthan. The present study was conducted in the summer season during 2022 and 2023 at the Instructional Farm, Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Career Point University, Kota, Rajasthan. 12 varieties of okra viz. Parbhani Kranti, Parbhani Bhindi, Arka Anamika, Shahiba, Shan, No. 55, Harita, Jhilmil, No. 64, Sonal, Shakti, and Punjab Selection were evaluated in Randomized Block Design, with three replication. Analysis of variance revealed that all varieties differed significantly for all the traits. The results concluded that, variation for earliness, growth, yield and quality parameters as well. These results showed presence of significant varietal effect. However, the present study demonstrated the superiority of Arka Anamika over other varieties in terms of maximum mean plant height (89.07 cm), number of leaves per plant (25.64), number of branches per plant (13.88), leaf length (19.03 cm), leaf width (25.32 cm) and leaf area (250.04 cm2) while minimum mean days taken to flowering opening to fruit picking (5.51 DAS) and days taken to first picking (47.16 DAS) was recorded in variety Punjab Selection under soil and climatic condition of Hadoti region of Rajasthan