Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
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Markov Chain Analysis of Land-use Changes in India and Maharashtra
No full textDynamics of Agriculture resembles the history of agriculture in India which examines the emphasizing significance to the nation\u27s legacy, culture and civilization. India\u27s agriculture changed after independence from a food-scarce nation to one that exports food this comes true primarily due to the result of scientific advancements. The present study is based on secondary data with the use of Markov Chain analysis to ascertain land-use changes in India and Maharashtra state. Changes in land use brought on by agriculture, urbanization and environmental factors significantly impact resource management and sustainability. We build a Markov Chain model with secondary land utilization data from government reports to measure the transition probabilities between various land use categories over time. The Markov chain model is easy to understand and communicate. It effectively captures transitions between land-use changes over time. The model works with limited data as compared to other complex models, making it accessible for studies. The results of the study emphasize dynamic interactions between various land-use patterns in India and Maharashtra. There we have concluded a stable land-use changing pattern. A trend towards intensive cropping has been observed during this study. This study reveals important trends in land conversion, most notably the growth of urban areas at the expense of forested and agricultural areas. The predictive abilities of model highlight the significance of well-informed policy-making for sustainable land management by offering insights into potential future land use scenarios
Effect of Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth and Yield of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
No full textA field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of organic manures and chemical fertilizers on growth and yield of green gram, variety “SML-832‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of ten treatments. The data recorded maximum growth parameters like, plant height (51.45 cm), number of branches per plant (4.08) and yield parameters like, number of pods per plant (20.58, number of seeds per pod (8.65), test weight (38.92 g), grain yield (1106.45 kg/ha), straw yield (2583.85 kg/ha) and maximum net return (48100 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (1.58) was recorded with T9-75% Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha. The minimum growth and yield obtained with control treatment. Therefore, concluded that impact of different organic manures and chemical fertilizers on the growth and yield of the green gram. Among different T9-75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha registered the maximum production with higher net return. So, it was concluded that the treatment 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t per ha superior among all treatments
Effect of Application of Chitosan Soil Drenching on Growth and Vigour of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Grafts Cv. Alphonso
No full textAn experiment on effect of application of chitosan on growth and vigour of mango grafts cv. Alphonso was conducted at Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, Dapoli, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli during the year 2023-24. Seven treatments and 4 replications in Randomized Block Design viz., Tl Control – Soil + FYM (3:1), T2 (Chitosan 0.5 %), T3 (Chitosan 1.0 %), T4 (Chitosan 1.5 %), T5 (Chitosan 2.0 %), T6 (Chitosan 2.5 %), T7 (Chitosan 3.0 %) with the aim to investigate effect of chitosan drenching on growth, vigour and survival of mango grafts cv. Alphonso. The highest survival percentage (99.13 %), height of the grafts (38.10 cm), number of shoots per graft (2.06 nos.), number of leaves per graft (32.13 nos.) leaf area (694.31 cm 2) were recorded in treatment T5 i.e. Chitosan 2.0 %. The maximum stem girth (10.24 mm) found in treatment T7 i.e Chitosan 3.0 %
Effect of Optimization Use of Nutrient on Yield and Productivity of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.)
No full textA field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of optimization use of nutrient on yield and productivity of mung bean, variety “SML-832‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of ten treatments. The data recorded maximum yield attributes such as number of pods per plant (13.35), number of seed per pod (8.52), grain yield (1170.55 kg/ha), stover yield (3260.47 kg/ha) and maximum net return (67329.45 Rs/ha) and B:C ratio (2.28) was recorded with T8-100% RDF (Refuse-Derived Fuel) + Vermicompost @ 1.0 t ha-1 + Rhizobium. The minimum yield and profitability obtained with control treatment. Therefore, conclude be application of 100% RDF + Vermicompost @ 1.0 t ha-1 + Rhizobium are indigenous sources of nutrient to enhance yield and productivity of mung bean
A Decade-long Meteorological Report at the Local Scale and a Literature Review of Possible Consequences on Crops
No full textThe purpose of the study was to look into how the physiology of crops are affected by climate change. The meteorological data for the most recent 10 years (2012–22) was given by the Department of Agricultural Meteorology,College of Agriculture Vellayani. These data were examined in order to comprehend weather patterns and investigated how the climate change, especially the temperature raise may affect plant growth and development. The results has been shown that the physiology of crops were severely affected by the temperature stress brought by climate chang
Effect of Fertilizers and Humic Acids on Soil Micro Nutrients of Foxtail Millet Crop
No full textHumic acids is an important soil component that can improve nutrient availability and impact on other important chemical, biological, and physical properties of soils. The ecological benefits of Humic acids are diverse and represent profitable and effective solutions for environmental problems and preservation of the environment. It can be integrated into the soils in the form of manure; it improves the physico chemical and biological properties of the soil. A field experiment was conducted at the College Farm, Agricultural College, Mahanandi, ANGRAU during kharif & rabi seasons of 2020-21 and 2021-22. The experimental soil was sandy loam in texture with a pH of 7.52, an Electrical Conductivity (EC) of 0.42 dS/m, 0.32% Organic Carbon (OC), low available nitrogen (175 kg ha-1), medium phosphorus (P) at 18.48 kg ha-1, high potassium (K) at 580 kg ha-1, and sufficient zinc (Zn) status at 0.85 ppm. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications with four main plots and six sub plots total twenty four treatments. After critical observation of the study, available iron, Zinc, Copper and Manganese contents in soil revealed that there was significant difference between the subplots that received different levels of Humic acids but main plots that received different levels of inorganic fertilizers and their interaction was found to be non significant at panicle initiation and harvest stages of foxtail millet crop in two kharif seasons of 2020 and 2021. Similar results were recorded in soil Copper and Manganese contents during two kharif seasons of Foxtail millet crop. However, the similar trend was followed in succeeding bengalgram crop
Bio-Efficacy and Phytotoxicity of Novel Fungicide Isotianil 7% + Fosetyl Al 70% WG in Pomegranate Against Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae) Disease
No full textThe experiment was conducted at Horticultural Instructional Farm, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar during Kharif-2022 & Kharif-2023, respectively to evaluate the bio-efficacy and phyto-toxicity on the bacterial blight diseases as well as effect of Isotianil 7% + Fosetyl Al 70% WG on the yield of the pomegranate. The disease Intensity per cent of bacterial blight diseases was recorded, before spraying (Pre-treatment) and at 5 and 10 days after each spray (post-treatment). Total pomegranate fruit yield was recorded and converted in to the hectare basis and phytotoxicity observation for yellowing, stunting, necrosis, epinasty and hyponasty, etc. were recorded 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 days after second spray. The results revealed that the treatment Isotianil 7% + Fosetyl Al 70% WG @ 200 gm per 100 lit. of water and Isotianil 7% + Fosetyl Al 70% WG @ 150 gm per 100 lit. of water showed significantly higher efficacy against bacterial blight disease and gives the higher yield of pomegranate over other treatments during the two consecutive seasons Kharif 2021 and Kharif 2022. The two years data on the Phytotoxicity studies revealed that none of the treatments exhibited any of the phytotoxicity symptoms
Efficacy of Fluopyram 250 g/L + Trifloxystrobin 250 g/L SC Against Anthracnose Disease of Pomegranate
No full textThe experiment was conducted at Horticultural Instructional Farm, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar during Kharif-2022 & Kharif-2023, respectively to evaluate the bio-efficacy Fluopyram 250 g/L+ Trifloxystrobin 250 g/L SC against field as well as post-harvest disease of anthracnose in pomegranate. For the field disease, the disease severity (percent) of anthracnose leaf and fruit spot were recorded separately, before spraying and at 5 and 10 days after each spray. Disease assessment was done using standard rating scale. To measure the post-harvest anthracnose disease after harvest, 20 healthy pomegranate fruits per replication per treatment were kept at ambient temperature for 30 days. More so ever the observation on phytotoxicity and yield were also recorded. The result revealed that treatments Fluopyram 250 g/L +Trifloxystrobin 250 g/L SC @ 80 ml per 100 lit. of water and Fluopyram 250 g/L +Trifloxystrobin 250 g/L SC @ 70 ml per 100 lit. of water showed significantly higher efficacy against field diseases of anthracnose in terms of leaf and fruit spot and against post-harvest anthracnose disease of pomegranate and also given highest fruit yield as well as recorded lowest fruit weight reduction after 30 days of harvesting during Kharif 2021-22 and Kharif 2022-23, respectively followed by Fluopyram 250 g/L +Trifloxystrobin 250 g/L SC @ 60 ml per 100 lit. of water and Propineb 70% WP @ 300 gm per 100 lit. of water
Effect of Postharvest Disinfection Treatment Handling on Physicochemical Properties of Carrots in the Asante Mampong Municipal
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of postharvest handling practices particularly washing and scraping of carrots, on the physicochemical properties of the vegetable in the Asante Mampong Municipal area. The research was conducted within the catchment areas of three communities (namely Asaam, Kofiase, and Owuobonho) within the Mampong-Ashanti Municipality. The study encompassed three main phases of data collection: field survey, quantitative loss assessment, and interviews combined with laboratory studies. The physicochemical properties that were examined in the study were total soluble solids, moisture content, root firmness, and dry matter content. The dry matter content and the moisture content of the carrots were found to be significantly affected by the different handling practices, particularly washing and scraping as well as the communities from which they were sampled. However, the firmness of carrots as well as the total soluble solids was not observed to be significantly affected by different handling practices and communities. The study highlights the importance of proper postharvest handling practices in maintaining the quality and shelf-life of carrots. The results provide valuable insights for carrot farmers, traders, and consumers in the Asante Mampong Municipal area to adopt improved postharvest handling techniques, thereby reducing losses and enhancing the market value of their produce
Response of Organic and Inorganic Sources of Nutrients on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) in Bihar, India
No full textAims: To assess the effect of integrated and sole applications of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth, yield and yield attributes of okra in okra- cabbage-bottle gourd crop sequence.
Study Design: The experiment consists of seven treatments viz.,T1-100%NPK through inorganic fertilizers (IFs) 120, 60 and 40 Kg N, P2O5 and K2O); T2-50%NPK through IFs+50%N through farm yard manure (FYM); T3-50% N through FYM+50% N through vermicompost (VC); T4-1/3 of N each through FYM + VC + neem cake (NC); T5-50% N through FYM + PSB + azotobactor; T6-50% N through FYM+50% N through VC+PSB + azotobactor and T7-1/3 of N each through FYM + VC + NC +PSB + azotobactor. These seven treatments were replicated thrice in Randomized Block Design. Recommended agronomical package of practices were followed excluding fertilizers and manures.
Place and Duration of Study: This experiment was conducted at Nalanda College of Horticulture, Noorsarai, Nalanda (25.269606 °N, 85.457869 °E) Bihar India, during Kharif 2016 and 2017.
Results: Results revealed that T1-100%NPK through inorganic fertilizers (IFs) recorded significantly highest plant height (51.45cm, 128.35 cm, and 165.25 cm) at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing respectively, over rest of the treatments, but found at par with T6-50% N as FYM + 50% N as VC + PSB + azotobactor at 60 and 90 DAS. Number of fruits per plant and yield also differed significantly due to different treatments. T1-100%NPK through inorganic fertilizers (IFs) recorded significantly more number of fruits over T5, T6 and T7, but found at parwith T2 T3 and T4. T1-100%NPK through inorganic fertilizers (IFs) recorded significantly higher yield over rest of the treatment but was at par with T2-50% NPK through IFs + 50 % N through FYM.
Conclusion: On the basis of this two years experimental finding, it has been concluded that the best strategy for producing okra in a sustainable manner is integrated use of inorganic fertilizers and manures as T2 (50% NPK through IFs and 50% nitrogen through FYM)