Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
Not a member yet
752 research outputs found
Sort by
Management of Viral Diseases in Blackgram under Field Conditions
No full textBlackgram (Vigna mungo L.) is a vital pulse crop valued for its high protein content and role in sustainable agriculture. A field study was conducted during rabi, 2019-20 at Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Utukur, Andhra Pradesh to evaluate the efficacy of different treatments in combination with chemical insecticides in managing Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) and Bud Necrosis through vector control. Among the treatment combinations tested, seed treatment with Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 5 ml/kg seed + sowing of four border rows of Jowar/Maize + Installation of Yellow and blue sticky traps @ 4/acre + removal of virus infected plants + spraying of Diafenthiuron 50% WP @ 1.25 g/l at 30 & 45 DAS proved effective in minimizing Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) and Bud Necrosis incidence with 4.67 % and 6.37 % respectively with maximum seed yield of 1218 kg/ha and Cost Benefit ratio of 1: 3.37 followed by seed treatment with Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 5 ml/kg + Installation of yellow and blue sticky traps each @ 4 /acre + removal of virus infected plants + need based spray of Acephate @ 1.5 g/l + spraying of Spiromesifen @ 1 ml/l at 30 & 45 DAS with Bud necrosis (8.93 %) and yellow mosaic virus (3.27 %), seed yield of 1122 kg/ha and Cost Benefit ratio of 1 : 2.97
Regeneration Status of Different Conifers in Gulmarg Forest Range of Kashmir Himalayas
No full textThe present study was concentrated in the four forest blocks, namely Khaipora, Tangmarg, Ferozpora and Baderkut of Gulmarg Forest Range in Kashmir Himalayas. Natural regeneration and edaphic factors affecting regeneration status of different conifers was studied. Quadrats of 2x2m in the main plot of size 50x20m were laid down to study the regeneration at four blocks of Gulmarg Forest Range. The maximum numbers of recruits (current year seedlings, less than height of 8 cm), unestablished (height more than 8cm to 200cm) and established (height more than 200cm) plants were found for Abies pindrow at all the sites with the exception at Ferozpora where unestablished plants of Pinus wallichiana were found highest. Highest establishment stocking per cent and regeneration success was found for Abies pindrow at Khaipora, Ferozpora and Baderkut. Overall regeneration success was found to be highest at Baderkut followed by Khaipora while as the lowest regeneration success was found at Ferozpora respectively. Simple correlation study reveal that the regeneration success has a significant positive relationship with Light Intensity, pH, Electric conductivity, organic carbon, available nitrogen and available potassium while as litter layer and available phosphorous had a significant negative correlation with regeneration success
Incidence, Prevalence, and Molecular Identification of Sclerotium rolfsii Causing Southern Blight in Tomato Fields of Mysuru District, Karnataka, India
No full textIntroduction: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a vital crop worldwide, is under significant threat from Sclerotium rolfsii, the fungal pathogen responsible for southern blight. This soil-borne pathogen, known for its wide host range and destructive nature, thrives in humid environments, causing severe losses in tomato production.
Aim: A field survey was conducted between June and September 2024 across 30 villages in six taluks of Mysuru district, Karnataka, India, to assess the incidence, prevalence, and severity of southern blight in tomato fields.
Results: Disease incidence ranged from 10.73% to 69.64%, while prevalence varied between 20% and 83.33%. Mysuru taluk recorded the highest disease intensity, with a mean incidence of 30.79% and a prevalence of 45.53%. The pathogen was isolated from infected tomato plants, and morphological identification revealed the characteristic sclerotia of S. rolfsii. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the fungus as the causative agent by reproducing typical symptoms on healthy tomato seedlings. Further molecular characterization of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the fungus confirmed its identity with high sequence similarity to known S. rolfsii strains in GenBank.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted disease management strategies to mitigate the spread of southern blight and protect tomato production in the Mysuru region, safeguarding both local and global food security
In-vitro Nematicidal Activity of Different Solvent Extracts of Solanum torvum Fruit against Meloidogyne incognita
No full textRoot-knot nematodes are harmful plant parasites that significantly reduce agricultural productivity, affecting about 2,000 plant species and causing 5% of global crop losses. Due to concerns about the environmental impact of chemical nematicides, plant-based alternatives are gaining attention. This study, conducted in September-October 2023 at the University of Mysore, tested four solvent extracts (aqueous, petroleum ether, ethanol, and methanol) from Solanum torvum fruit at varying concentrations (10-100%) for their effects on egg hatchability and juvenile mortality of Meloidogyne incognita. Results showed that the methanolic extract was most effective, achieving 99% inhibition of egg hatching and 100% juvenile mortality at 100% concentration. This suggests that Solanum torvum extract could be an eco-friendly and economical method for managing root-knot nematodes. Further research is needed to evaluate its field efficacy and to identify the active compounds responsible for its nematicidal properties
Profitability and Resource Use Efficiency of Rice Production in Chitwan District, Nepal
No full textRice is a primary staple food of Nepalese people. The study aims to investigate the profitability scenario of rice farming along with resource use pattern of farmers within the study area. Multistage sampling technique was employed to obtain the sample for the study. The primary data was obtained from 150 randomly selected respondents using the semi structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using both the descriptive and inferential statistics. We employed the Cobb Douglas production function model to analyze the resource use efficiency. The positive gross margin (NRs. 39,693.66) and benefit-cost ratio (1.26) showed that rice production was a profitable enterprise, with average productivity of 4.65 mt/ha. The return to scale was found 0.563, which signifies that the production function exhibits diminishing returns to scale. The analysis of resource use efficiency indicated that inputs in rice production were not optimally utilized. Inputs such as seeds and chemical fertilizers were underutilized, whereas machine labor, human labor, organic manure, and pesticides cum irrigation were overutilized. To attain optimal resource allocation, it is imperative to reduce the costs of inputs such as machine labor, human labor, organic manure, and pesticide cum irrigation by 19.267%, 186.995%, 15.818%, and 4.193%, respectively, while the costs of seed and chemical fertilizer need to be increased by 51.476% and 22.915%, respectively. The results obtained from the study can significantly enhance the profitability and optimize the level of resource use in rice production by providing a crucial policy framework that can strengthen the level of domestic rice production. It necessitates the requirement of further research on analyzing the limiting factors that precludes the efficient resource use
From Fields to Markets: The Rise of Strawberry Farming in Abohar, Punjab, India
No full textStrawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) has emerged as a commercially significant fruit crop in both temperate and subtropical regions of India due to its high market demand, nutritional value, and excellent export potential. Its adaptability to diverse agro-climatic conditions, coupled with its rapid growth and relatively short cropping cycle, makes it an ideal candidate for commercial cultivation. The fruit is highly valued not only for fresh consumption but also for its application in a variety of value-added products such as milkshakes, juices, ice creams, jams, and conserves. Harvest maturity is typically determined when approximately 98% of the fruit is edible, ensuring optimal flavor and marketability. As a high-value cash crop, strawberry cultivation offers promising returns, especially for small-scale and part-time farmers seeking profitable alternatives to traditional crops. Recent trends have shown increased adoption of innovative cultivation practices, such as protected farming and the use of low tunnels, enabling multiple cropping cycles and better control over environmental variables. These methods contribute to improved yield and fruit quality, while also extending the growing season. Furthermore, the use of micropropagation techniques presents a viable solution for the large-scale production of disease-free planting materials, including virus-free and day-neutral cultivars. This biotechnological approach enhances uniformity, ensures genetic fidelity, and accelerates the availability of high-quality planting stock, which is essential for sustainable commercial production. The primary aim of this study is to explore and evaluate the cultivation strategies, propagation methods, irrigation practices, harvest, and post-harvest handling along with the challenges arises during the cultivation of strawberries. This piece of study paves a way for enhancing the productivity, quality, and profitability of strawberry cultivation along with the broader goal of promoting strawberry as a viable high-income crop across diverse Indian agro-climatic zones
Management of Major Insect Pests and Diseases in Groundnut through IPDM Modules
No full textThe present investigation is undertaken to demonstrate the integrated pest and disease management modules in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Groundnut is not only an important oilseed crop in India but also an important agricultural export commodity. Groundnut cultivation is often subjected to significant yield losses annually due to biotic and abiotic stresses which are the major limiting factors for attaining high productivity. In recent years, the management of groundnut pests and diseases through integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) solutions has gained prominence due to the vulnerable effects of pesticides. The field trials were conducted to evaluate the IPDM modules for the management of major insect-pests and diseases in Groundnut during 2016-17, 2017-18, and 2018-19 in kharif season at the Experiential Farm of Oilseeds Research Station, Jalgaon. Among the six modules tested, the module, seed treatment with Carbendazim + Mancozeb @ 2 g/kg seed + Need-based spray of Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1.5 ml/L + Need-based spray of Quinalphos 25 EC @ 2 ml/L for defoliator 50-70 DAS + Need-based spray of Propiconazole 25 EC @ 1 ml/L at 50-70 DAS recorded significantly highest seed germination (87.68 %), the significantly lowest incidence of collar rot (8.09 %), stem rot (10.58 %), significantly lowest Percent Disease Index( PDI) of early leaf spot (20.84 %), late leaf spot (39.35 %), rust (28.75 %), significantly lowest per cent leaf damage due to Leaf hopper (1.86 %), Thrips (2.13 %), and Spodoptera (2.11 %), respectively, moreover this module also showed significantly highest pod (1441.67 kg/ha) and haulm yield (4303 kg/ha) as compared to rest of the modules. It can be inferred that, under current conditions, implementing IPDM practices in groundnut production could result in a greater economic advantage. This should persuade more farmers to implement IPDM practices in groundnut
Relationship between Leaf Area Index and Lysimetric Crop Coefficients of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) under Local Climatic Conditions of Vidarbha
No full textThe experiment was conducted to determine the crop coefficients and leaf area index of pigeonpea, using a digital weighing type lysimeters. The research was conducted under Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola for kharif season of year 2024. The meteorological data was collected from the weather station installed at the experimental site to determine the reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) using Penman-Montieth method. The crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was measured using water balance method by using weighing type lysimeters. Crop coefficients were determined for pigeonpea as ratio of daily ETc and ETo. Simultaneously, leaf area index was measured monthly using a leaf area meter. The study reveals that Kc values and LAI increased with crop development, reaching maximum during the mid-season stage and showed a strong positive correlation with each other with an R-square value of 0.78. The results highlight the importance of stage-specific Kc and LAI values for accurate irrigation scheduling and for improving water use efficiency in pigeonpea cultivation
Evaluation of Selected Silkworm Hybrid (FC1XFC2 and FC2XFC1) for Rearing Performance under Sub-Temperate Conditions of Poonch District of Jammu and Kashmir
No full textSericulture is an integral part of Indian textile sector contributing significantly for economy combining both farm and industrial aspects. Silkworm Bombyx mori (L.) is one of the insects known for production of most versatile silk protein. The growth pattern showed considerable variation from first to last day of the entire larval period for the trail conducted for the study. Evaluation was made for morphological characters of cocoon and results were recorded with phenotypic variation in cocoon colour, shape, shell weight, grains, shell ratio, pupal percentage and pupal weight. Study revealed exponential increase in the larval weight and length until the 5th instar with maximum value on 7th day as 8.5cm & 7.4 cm in FC1xFC2 and FC2xFC1. The maximum and minimum evaluation for larval weight for single and 10 larvae ranged from 45.20g to 0.52g and 36.91g to 0.12g in case of FC1xFC2 and FC2xFC1 respectively. Similarly, maximum single cocoon weight was recorded as 1.46g for FC1xFC2 and 1.30g for FC2xFC1. Thus, the current study holds potential for screening of region and season specific breeds aided with future breeding programmes
Socio-economic Profile of Beneficiaries of the NICRA Farmers in Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
No full textThe present investigation was conducted to analyse the socio-economic impact of farmers in the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) Project villages in Villupuram District of Tamil Nadu, India. To analyse the socio-economic characteristics of farmers in the context of climate-resilient technologies, and the challenges they face in implementing these practices, a total of 150 respondents (50 from each NICRA village) were selected by purposive and random sampling. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency, and percentage. The results revealed that, the majority of farmers were middle-aged (47.33%) and had completed high school (30.00%). The majority of the respondents in the sample villages had a medium income (47.33%) and medium agricultural experience (50.00%). NICRA coordinators should establish specialized strategies to create and spreading technology that take into consideration the farmers\u27 socio-economic and psychological characters. NICRA initiatives, such as field demonstrations and training through KVKs, have been linked to better socio-economic outcomes and adaptability among farmers. The study highlights the potential benefits of expanding sustainable agricultural measures through climate-resilient technologies