Asian Research Journal of Agriculture
Not a member yet
752 research outputs found
Sort by
Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Cow Urine Based Mancozeb Formulation against Fungal Infection Affecting Wheat Seed Germination
No full textThe yield limit in any agricultural system is determined by the seeds. As a result, in recent years, farmers have become more conscious about seed health. Identification of seed-borne pathogens is an important step in seed health and treatment of crop diseases. This research was conducted to prepare and evaluate the effectiveness of a stable cow urine-based mancozeb suspension concentrate formulation against the presence of seed-borne diseases in wheat seeds. The effectiveness of seed treatments with standard mancozeb fungicides and cow urine-based mancozeb formulations in reducing seed-borne fungi was investigated using two methods. The Petri dish technique and the rolled paper towel method were used to assess germination and the presence of fungal infection around the seeds. A dose of 1 g/kg of cow urine-based mancozeb formulation showed equivalent results to the standard mancozeb dose (2.5 g/kg), which significantly reduced the standard dose, which reduced environmental pollution and increased seed germination
Effect of Nitrogen Scheduling on Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
No full textA field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2023-24 to effect of nitrogen scheduling on growth and yield of wheat, variety “3077‟ was used in this study. The required quantities of fertilizers as per treatments were applied. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of twelve treatments. The data recorded maximum growth attributes like, plant height (94.45 cm), dry matter accum8lation per m row length (248.78 g) and yield attributes such as number of effective tillers per m row length (65.40), number of grains per spike (82.24), grain yield (5230 kg/ha), stover yield (6634 kg/ha), biological yield (11864 kg/ha) and maximum net return (156075 Rs/ha) was recorded with T12 : 1/3 at basal +1/3 at CRI (21-25 DAS) + 1/3 at Jointing stage (65-70 DAS) + 2.0% urea + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray at flag leaf stage (80-90 DAS). Therefore, it may be concluded that application of T12: 1/3 at basal +1/3 at CRI (21-25 DAS) + 1/3 at Jointing stage (65-70 DAS) + 2.0% urea +0.5% ZnSO4 spray at flag leaf stage (80-90 DAS) was the most suitable treatment for obtaining higher seed yield (5230 kg/ha), gross and net returns (Rs 156075.00/ha and 113116.00/ha) and B: C ratio (2.63) in wheat. However, these results are only indicative and require further experimentation to arrive at more consistent and final conclusion
Preliminary Study on the Rodenticidal Effect of Pong-Pong (Cerbera odollam) Seed Powder against Sprague-Dawley Rats
No full textAims: Pong-pong (Cerbera odollam) is a poisonous plant species that has potent cardiotoxic effects. In Malaysia, its fruit, referred to as ‘buah tikus’ (rat’s fruit), has been traditionally used as a rodent repellent. This study evaluated the rodenticidal effects of pong-pong seed powder based on acute oral toxicity and palatability under laboratory conditions against Sprague-Dawley albino rat, Rattus norvegicus.
Study Design: The acute oral toxicity test was done according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guideline 420 and the free choice feeding test was conducted according to Palmateer (1974).
Place and Duration of Study: Animal Laboratory at AMTREC Building, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Headquarters, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, between May 2023 to May 2024.
Methodology: Pong-pong fully ripe fruits (red colour) were collected from Sekinchan, Sabak Bernam, Selangor. The fruits were sliced into halves for the seeds, cleaned, dried and ground into powder. The seed powder was administered orally by mixing the prescribed dose into the rat food bait. The acute oral toxicity test was done according to the OECD Guideline 420, administering a single high dose of 5 g/kg of body weight. The palatability was determined by using a free choice feeding test between treated bait (mixed with Pong-pong seed powder) with that of the untreated bait.
Results: Results indicated a higher susceptibility in female rats, with 83% mortality compared to 33% in males. Based on the palatability results, the acceptance rate of female rats was 25.6% which is lower compared to 44.2% in males. This implies that the females are more sensitive to the seed powder in the baits and significantly reduce their intake of the treated bait when an alternative food is available.
Conclusion: Although the preliminary findings demonstrated acute oral toxicity of pong-pong seed powder in rats, further research is needed to confirm its efficacy as a rodenticide
Exploring Regional Differences in China\u27s New Agricultural Quality Productivity Forces
No full textThis paper focuses on the connotation and characteristics of China\u27s new agricultural quality productivity forces. By constructing an evaluation index system and applying the entropy method, the dynamic measurement of new agricultural quality productivity forces levels across 31 provinces from 2012 to 2022 is conducted. The kernel density estimation method is then used to analyze its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics. The study finds that China\u27s new agricultural quality productivity forces generally show a trend of annual improvement, manifested in a steady increase in productivity levels and a gradual narrowing of regional disparities. However, there are still significant differences in the development speed and levels between regions, with the eastern region performing the best, the central region improving slowly, and the western region showing the smallest increase, with the lowest productivity levels and notable regional imbalance. Based on the research findings, this paper offers policy recommendations for promoting the development of new agricultural quality productivity forces: First, differentiated development strategies should be tailored to local conditions. The eastern region should continue to leverage its economic and technological advantages to promote agricultural digitization, intelligence, and green sustainable development. The central region should focus on enhancing agricultural infrastructure, optimizing industrial structures, and developing specialized high-value-added agriculture. The western region should strengthen policy support, improve infrastructure, and promote the dissemination of agricultural technologies
Assessing the Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North Indian Plains
No full textA field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2022-2023 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on yield and economic sustainability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Uttarakhand at the Agriculture Research Farm, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design and consisted of eight treatments viz., T1 – Control, T2 – 100% RDF, T3- 100% RDF + FYM @ 5t ha-1, T4- 100 % RDF + VC @ 5t ha-1, T5- 75% RDF + FYM @ 5t ha-1, T6- 75% RDF + VC @ 5t ha-1, T7- 75% RDF + FYM @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter, T8- 75% RDF + VC @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter with three replications. The wheat variety used for the field experiment was HD-2967 with a seed rate of 100 kg ha-1. Row-row spacing of 20 cm and plant -plant spacing of 10 cm was maintained. Different nutrient sources used were urea, DAP, MOP, FYM, VC and Azotobacter. Seed were primed with Azotobacter @ 20g kg-1 seed as per the treatment. The investigation revealed that, application of 75% RDF + VC @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter (T8) resulted in significantly higher yield attributes no. of spikes/m2, spike length (cm), grain/spike, 1000 grain weight (g) over control. The maximum grain yield (50.2 q ha-1) of wheat were obtained with application of 75% RDF + VC @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter (T8) closely followed by 75% RDF + FYM @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter (T7). Moreover, straw yield was 85.92% higher over the control. The maximum gross return (₹ 141646.0), and net return (₹ 100045.0) of wheat was obtained with application of 75% RDF + VC @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter (T8) followed by the 75% RDF + FYM @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter (T7). The maximum benefit-cost ratio (2.79) was obtained with the application of 75% RDF + FYM @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter (T7). From the above investigation it can be concluded that 75% RDF + VC @ 5t ha-1 + Azotobacter is superior to other treatment in improving the productivity and economic returns of wheat
Time Series Modeling and Forecasting of Finger Millet Cultivation Area, Production and Productivity in Chhattisgarh, India: The Box Jenkins Methodology
No full textChhattisgarh has taken important steps towards promoting millets cultivation and improving the livelihood of farmers. To increase millets production in Chhattisgarh, the state government launched the Millet Mission in September 2021. This mission has been started with a view to make Chhattisgarh the ‘millet hub of India’. The present study was conducted on time series modelling and forecasting of finger millet crops in Chhattisgarh India using Box Jenkins methodology and used historical data on currently cultivated area, production and yield of finger millet crops. The time series data was collected from 2001 to 2023, and analysis of the study was carried out using path analysis and Box Jenkins ARIMA model; and among various 20 models the best and suitable ARIMA (0, 1, 2), (3, 1, 1) and (2, 0, 4) model was selected based on AIC, BIC, MAPE, RMSE, MAE. With the help of the selected appropriate model, the cultivation area, production and yield of finger millet cultivation in Chhattisgarh was forecasted for the year 2024 to 2030. But marvellous, diminishing and fluctuating trend was observed in finger millet cultivation area and production over the forecast period. Whereas increasing and stochastic trend was observed in finger millet yield over the forecast period
Study on Brinjal’s Demonstration in Arunachal Pradesh, India
No full textThe twenty numbers of frontline Demonstrations on Integrated Crop Management practices in Brinjal were demonstrated in selected villages of Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh during Rabi season, 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively. Before conducting the demonstration; field level surveys were conducted in selected villages to know the farmer’s practices. As per result of survey; there was huge gap between scientific practices and farmer’s practices. On the basis of surveys, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) Tirap, Arunachal Pradesh conducted the demonstrations. During the both years the extension gap was recorded in the demonstration plot as 40 & 59 q/ha respectively while the yield were as: 238 & 246 q/ha, Benefit: Cost Ratio ratios were 3.63 & 3.54 as compared control (198 & 187 q/ha and 2.37 & 2.12 respectively)
Advancements in Mechanized Techniques for Sweet Corn Cultivation: A Review
No full textThis introduction on sweet corn includes a detailed account of its history, cultivation, and accompanying technologies. Sweet corn, a variety of field corn (Zea mays) with a genetic mutation that results in greater sugar content in its kernels, was initially grown in Pennsylvania in the mid-1700s, with commercial versions developing by 1779. The essay discusses the numerous current kinds of sweet corn, which range in sweetness, color, and genetic alterations for increased resistance to pests and herbicides. The production technique for sweet corn needs careful selection of land, especially in peri-urban locations with well-drained soils, followed by comprehensive site preparation. Sweet corn is planted with precise planting procedures, seed treatment, and spacing requirements to promote maximum development and output. The introduction also discusses the employment of innovative agricultural equipment for land preparation, planting, fertilising, weeding, and plant protection, underlining the necessity for accurate and efficient farming procedures to achieve high-quality sweet corn output.
The essay also elaborates on the need of good field leveling, utilising instruments like the laser land leveler, and contemporary planting methods, such as zero-till planting and the use of pneumatic planters, to boost crop establishment and yield. Additionally, it includes numerous instruments for weeding and plant protection, including cultivators, sprayers, and acoustic devices for bird control, stressing the significance of technology in contemporary sweet corn cultivation
Effect of Land Configuration and Planting Depth on Corm and Cormel Production of Gladiolus (Gladiolus spp.)
No full textThe present experiment was carried out at department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat) during the years 2021-22 and 2022-23 with randomized block design (Factorial) having three replications. The treatment combinations consisting three land configuration methods (L1- Flat bed, L2- Raised bed with 2 rows and L3- Ridge and furrow) and two planting depth (D1- 3.5 cm and D2- 5.5 cm). The results indicated that maximum number of corms (1.58), number of cormels (26.98), diameter of corms (63.77 mm), diameter of cormels (3.16 mm), weight of corms (64.13 g) and weight of cormels (22.11 g) were recorded with raised bed with 2 rows (L2). The variation due to planting depth was also found significant for all the parameters and maximum number of corms (1.46), number of cormels (25.52), diameter of corms (56.43 mm), diameter of cormels (3.09 mm), weight of corms (56.02 g) and weight of cormels (21.78 g) were obtained with planting at 3.5 cm depth (D1). Raised bed planting had favourable effects on growth and flowering of gladiolus as compared to ridge and furrow and flat bed planting
Integrating Genomics and Phenomics in Agricultural Breeding: A Comprehensive Review
No full textOne of the key roles of plant breeders is to improve crop productivity through development of varieties with desirable traits to feed the growing population. The merger of genomics and phenomics - where genomics refer to the study of an organism’s entire DNA sequence and phenomonics is the full explanation of observable characteristics has given a new face to breeding strategies. This paper provides information about this technique from beginning up to now, which implicates high-throughput phenotyping, genomic selection, artificial intelligence platform for crop improvement. It seems that coronal genomics and phenotypical imaging results in transgenic or super climate-resilient plants, therefore improving yield under sustainable conditions. Despite its bright future there are certain issues like data standardization, ethical concerns, and resource restraints that need considering. Development later on gets people thinking about technical fields such as inter-disciplinary researches as well as policy supports that have ability to bring these powerful technologies into assurance of food security together with sustainable agriculture initially collaboration doesn’t need manufacturing centres of technology including genome and phenome data can help breeders achieve wrists precisions in crops development which will result in having robust agricultural systems able to overcome environmental stressors