Journal of Global Ecology and Environment
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BIOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS PRESENT IN SPENT ENGINE OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL OF AUTO-MECHANIC WORKSHOPS USING A MIXED MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM
No full textIn this work, studies were done to check the bioremediation potentials of Micrococcus, Bacillus, Veilonella, Aspergillus and Penicillium species on heavy metals present in spent engine oil of Auto-mechanic workshops within Lokoja metropolis of Kogi state. Prior to inoculation, zinc and iron gave a concentration of 3.3496 mg/L and 29.2248 mg/L which eventually reduced to a concentration of 0.2180 mg/L and 25.1022 mg/L, giving rise to 93.4% and 14.1% reductions respectively. The physico-chemical parameters (Moisture content, Organic matter, etc) determined shows that the microorganisms possesses good qualities suitable for the observable degradation on the soil samples used in the work. This studies reveals that under good environmental conditions, heavy metals present in the spent engine oil can be degraded using a mixed microbial consortium
DETERMINATION OF GROUNDWATER PARAMETERS IN CHIBIRI COMMUNITY, KUJE AREA COUNCIL, ABUJA, NIGERIA
No full textThis study was carried out with the aim of demonstrating the application of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method of investigation in the determination of groundwater parameters in Chibiri community in Kuje area council. The ABEM Terrameter SAS 300C was used to carry out the investigation by means of Schlumberger electrode array configuration, with an electrode spacing of 1.5-150 m was employed in data collection. A total of 12 VES were carried out in different parts of the study area. The obtained field data were subjected to analysis and interpretation by conventional curve matching method to obtain initial model parameters and computer iterations using Win-Resist. The curves reveal that the area is characterized by four and five classes of geo-electric layers. First, low resistive topsoil layer has a thickness between 0.9-2.6 m. The second lateritic clay layer has thickness ranges from 0.3-2.7 m. Third layer is highly weathered basement with thickness of 2.6-25.5 m. The fourth fractured with weathered rock layer has thickness from 4.4-39.7 m, and fresh basement representing fifth layer has a thickness from 20 m and above. The results indicate the occurrence of good aquifers in the third and fourth layers. Results also indicate that borehole drilling in the study area is achievable but to a depth of 45 meters to allow large reservoir within the aquifers. From the analysis, two types of aquifers, which are the weathered basement and fractured basement aquifer, have been delineated in this study; these aquifer units may have significant groundwater potential
VARIATIONS IN GROUNDWATER QUALITY UNDER DIFFERENT LAND COVERS IN DELHI, INDIA
No full textoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/136Groundwater is one of the important sources of drinking water in Delhi, and is identified as one of the threatened water resources due to degrading quality and quantity. Spatial variation in groundwater quality and depth with respect to different land covers is considered for the present study during pre and post monsoons to study the effects of land covers on groundwater quality and depth. Groundwater quality under three different land covers and settlement area was studied. Based on physico-chemical analysis, protected forest area is found to have most suitable groundwater for drinking purpose, with water available at maximum depth of more than 40 mbgl. Trees outside forest have minimum groundwater depth but maximum values for EC, TDS, hardness, calcium, magnesium and chloride, making it unsuitable for drinking. Groundwater quality and depth vary significantly with different land covers but seasonal variation is not found significant by ANOVA. Piper diagram suggests that Delhi’s groundwater is dominated by calcium, magnesium and chloride
AN OVERVIEW OF MAGNETIC METHOD IN MINERAL EXPLORATION
No full textIn modern times, the economic strength of a nation, the standard of living and independence of her citizens depend on the nation\u27s industrial strength and her economic buoyancy. These two parameters, that is, the nation\u27s industrial strength and the buoyancy of the industries in each country, sometimes form the bases for classifying the countries as "developed" (e.g., America and Japan) or "developing" (e.g., Nigeria and Ghana) with every nation striving to achieve the former status. The availability of the raw materials needed by most industries is one of the primary factors for the establishment of the industries. The raw material needs of most industries occur sporadically in one form or the other inside the earth\u27s crust and the search for them as been one of man\u27s major concerns. This paper gives the literature report about the use of magnetic method in mineral exploration. Magnetic exploration also referred to as “potential field” exploration is used to give geoscientist an indirect way to “see” beneath the Earth’s surface by sensing physical properties of rocks (magnetization). Magnetic method exploration can help locate minerals. Potential field survey is relatively inexpensive and can quickly cover large areas of ground. The method is relatively cheap, non-invasive and non-destructive environmentally speaking
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION OF ELE RIVER IN NNEWI OF ANAMBRA STATE OF NIGERIA USING WATER QUALITY INDEX MODEL
No full textThe purpose of an index is to transform a complex water quality data into information that is easily understandable and useable by the general public. Water Quality Index (WQI) was therefore used for the assessment of the impact of industrial effluent on the environmental pollution of Ele River. The parameters used in this study to develop WQI are chemical water quality indicators - pH, Total Dissolved Solid, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Total Alkalinity, and Electrical Conductivity. Water samples were collected from three sampling stations. Ele River based on the preliminary survey was divided into three sampling stations. The sampling stations were then designated as: station 1 (Point of entry of the effluent), station 2 (100 m away from the effluent discharge point) and station 3 (250 m away from the effluent discharge point). The QWI of the stations ranges from a minimum of 51.53 in the month of June in point 1 to the maximum of 92.92 in the month of January in point 3. It can be inferred that physico-chemical water quality of the River is generally of medium and good quality base on WQI assessment and WHO standard
HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN THE GROUNDWATER IN MAZANDARAN PROVINCE, NORTH OF IRAN
No full textThe objective of the present study was to investigate the concentration of some metals were measured in groundwater from the mazandaran province of northern Iran during the November 2013; identify any relationships between metals and pH, total hardness. Water samples were collected from 20 sites in the mazandaran province. The determinations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Fe in groundwater were carried out by a GBC (Savant AA Sigma) flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Metal concentrations in the groundwater samples were decreased in sequence of Zn> Cr > Pb > Cu > Cd, respectively. The results showed that the overall mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Cr were at 3.2, 21.8, and 4.9 ug /l, respectively. The mean concentration of Cu and Zn, were 5.5 and 29 ug /l, respectively. Results also indicated that there were correlations among Cd, Cu, and Zn metals and show that the current quality of groundwater in Mazandaran province does not present immediate health related concerns
HOST-PREFERENCE OF FOUR DOMINANT LIANA SPECIES WITH CONTRASTING CLIMBING STRATEGIES IN TROPICAL DRY EVERGREEN FOREST OF INDIA
No full textLianas, the woody climbers are incapable of autonomous vertical growth, instead, they are evolved with specialized climbing structures to access the host trees’ architecture and expose themselves to the light-rich environment. This unique network of physical connections between lianas and trees are often influenced by host species’ traits. The present study analyzes the preferential hosts for four dominant liana species which employ different climbing mechanisms, from the data on liana-tree interaction studies conducted in four tropical dry evergreen forest sites on the Coromandel Coast of India. We checked whether lianas with different climbing mechanisms have differential host preferences based on the host tree traits. The abundance of four dominant lianas totaled 723 individuals hosted on 601 tree individuals. The host tree functional traits are examined in the field and also by referring pertinent field manuals. In contrast to our predictions, the preferential hosts of the four dominant lianas with contrasting climbing strategies remained the same though, their proportion varied significantly. This may be assigned to the intense competition among lianas in finding their supports
POLYSYSTEM ECOLOGICAL SPACE AND STABILITY OF ALPINE MEADOWS (CENTRAL CAUCASUS)
No full textThe regularities of mono- and poly-system organization of high mountain meadow topoecosystems (with “Zhilasu” pasture in the Elbrus region as an example) are described on the basis of modeling the inter-component and inter-complex landscape relationships. The modeling technique using the methods of information theory and fuzzy set theory is expounded. The structural parameters of ecological niches of high mountain meadows were introduced for comparative assessment of their function and stability with regard to different representation measures of altitudinal-zonal ecological space
PACIFIC OCEAN MEGA-ECOTONE OF NORTHERN EURASIA AS EVOLUTIONARY MODEL OF CONTINENTAL BIOSPHERE
No full textThe problems of the study of geo (eco) system organization of insular and marginal-continental land in different morphotectonic and macroclimatic sectors of the Pacific ocean mega-ecotone of Northern Eurasia are set forth. The ecological and phytocoenotic effects of oro-climatic interactions along the mega-ecotone are described. The issues of the theory of evolutionary landscape study are considered as a novel trend of complex physical geography; its subject must be the processes and events of landscape formation in the tectonically and climatically active ocean-continent interface.
The empirical-statistical modeling of landscape connections, as well as the structure and function of floristic and phytocoenotic formations, which characterize the boreal ecotone of Priamurye sub-Pacific, has been carried out. The mechanisms of emergence of buffer forest communities belonging to two phratries (Manchurian-Okhotian and Manchurian-Angaridian) were revealed. It was shown that buffer spruce-broadleaf and nemoral fir-spruce forests of the Manchurian-Okhotian phratrie are an evolutionary phenomenon of the boreal sub-Pacific. The previously postulated propositions about the Pacific Ocean mega-ecotone of Northern Eurasia as a focus of evolutionary processes in the continental biosphere were confirmed
THE ASSESSMENT OF OPTIMAL TILTING ANGLE OF FLAT PLATE SOLAR COLLECTORS - CASE STUDY FOR RAFSANJAN, IRAN
No full textOne of the important parameters that affect the performance of a solar collector is its tilt angle with the horizon. This is because the variation of tilt angle changes the amount of solar radiation reaching the collector surface. In the present study, the monthly average daily diffuse solar radiation on a horizontal surface was initially computed and then a standard isotropic model was exploited for estimation of the global solar radiation on inclined surfaces. Finally, the monthly, seasonal, and yearly optimum slope angles were proposed for the maximum global solar radiation. It was found that the monthly optimum tilt angle varies from 0° (May and July) to 62.3° (December), besides, the seasonal optimum slope angle is between 5.1° (spring) to 54.8° (autumn) and the optimum yearly tilt angle is 29.9° which is close to the latitude of Rafsanjan, Iran