Journal of Global Ecology and Environment
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Rumex vesicarius L. (Polygonaceae): AN OVERVIEW
No full textFruits and vegetables are emerging fast as most economical and nutritious universal foods. Leafy vegetables are those plants whose leaves or aerial parts have been included in a community’s culture for use as food over a long instance. These vegetables are highly recommended due to their relatively high nutritional value. Rumex vesicarius L., a commonly grown and sometime found in wild habitat. This leafy vegetable is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, proteins, fibers, carotenes and flavonoids with many health benefits. This present study describes useful information about R. vesicarius L., current research carried out so far and some medicinal properties identified and explored
ASSESSMENT OF EFFLUENT FROM A PETROCHEMICAL DEPOT IN CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
No full textEffluents from Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) depot in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria were evaluated for some physicochemical parameters and hydrocarbon content. The physicochemical parameters of effluents were all below Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv) permissible limits except for temperature which was +0.2°C above the standard for temperature of 30.0°C, THC value for the effluent was 0.8mg/l. It was observed that the physicochemical parameters of the depot’s effluent were below FMEnv’s standards which make it safe for discharge. Environmental Regulatory Agencies should therefore ensure compliance from firms, industries, plants and oil depots (oil terminals) which generate effluents by frequent monitoring of their activities
WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN KATHMANDU, NEPAL: PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES
No full textWastewater management in Kathmandu is a challenge to the government of Nepal. The current trend of wastewater disposal is to drain the effluents directly into the water recipients like Bagmati and other rivers and streams without any treatment, which cause serious environmental and public health problems besides destroying the aesthetic beauty of the city. This paper deals with the evaluation of wastewater management practices, challenges and possible solutions in Nepal based on published materials. The data shows that wastewater generation in Kathmandu valley has increased from 81x106 l/day in year 2000 to about 145x106 l/day in year 2014, which is 79 percent increase in 15 years. Wastewater must be treated before discharge in order to comply with wastewater legislations and guidelines. This can be achieved through decentralized treatment. There is a need of careful planning, adequate and suitable treatment and regular monitoring to achieve unpolluted wastewater discharge into receiving water bodies
ASSESSMENT OF SOIL CORROSIVITY AND AQUIFER PROTECTIVE CAPACITY OF CHUKUKU IN KUJE AREA COUNCIL, FCT, ABUJA, NIGERIA
No full textWater is one of the most valuable natural resources vital to the existence of any form of life; an adequate supply of safe water for maintaining ecosystem that supports all life and for achieving sustainable development. As man‘s standard of living increase so does his need for consumption of water. However, the use of water has grown rapidly in modern times. Though, a significant portion of water resources have become unusable due to industrial and agricultural pollution. Diversions or transfer of watershed to other region have led to many ecological and human disasters This work involves using the vertical electrical sounding (VES) method to assess the soil corrosivity and aquifer protective capacity of chukuku Village, in Kuje area council FCT Abuja. A total of 12 VES using the Schlumberger Configuration were carried out in different parts of the study area. The obtained field data were analyzed and interpreted using Win-Resist software. The curves reveal that the area is characterized by 4-5 classes of geo-electric layers. Topsoil layer of thickness and resistivity values ranging from 0.7-1.7m and 80.8-176.6 ohms, lateritic clay layer ranging from 0.7-3.4 m and 17.4–81.8 ohms, weathered layer ranging from 0.9–1.7 m and 64.4-100.7 ohms, fractured basement ranging from 1.2–3.2 m and 138.3-223.2 ohms, and the fresh basement layer ranging from infinity in thickness and 715.6-6544.0 ohms and the corrosivity rating of the study area show slightly corrosive which ranges from 80-175 ohms. The results reasonably provide information on areas where industries can be sited and iron pipes can be laid in order to safeguard the hydrological setting for resident’s safety in the study area; the longitudinal conductance of the overburden units range from 0.1-0.44 mhos. Based on the results of the interpretation, it has been inferred that the area covered by the study has moderate groundwater potential
COMPOSTING OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE USING EPIGEIC EARTHWORMS IN ECO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF INDORA, HIMACHAL PRADESH (INDIA)
No full textEarthworms are unique creatures of animal kingdom. Earthworms normally live in burrows or in the soil and eat soil mixed with dead and decaying organic matter. Earthworms play a significant eco-functional role by affecting physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. In the present study, vermicomposting unit was established in University campus. Epigeic worms (Eudrilus eugeniae), the most suitable earthworms for Vermicomposting was cultured in different combinations of organic wastes including: (a) agricultural waste & (b) cattle dung. Best performance of earthworms in terms of reproduction & vermicomposting was recorded in mixture of agricultural waste & Dung (AW+D) in the ratio 2:3
HUMAN PERCEPTION AND ACCEPTANCE OF NATURAL BARRIERS
No full textNatural barriers are large or small closely grown tree belts, vegetation walls, natural stone structures, tree fences etc. Natural barriers, have emerged as the new trend to address problems in urban areas and has developed into vertical gardening, green roofs and hybrid natural barriers presently. The use of natural barriers is highly dependent on the human perception which is focused on natural barrier’s functionality, maintainability, effectiveness of performance, security and aesthetic appeal.
The research was carried out to identify the human perception and human acceptance of natural barriers in Sri Lankan context and find out the level of acoustic disturbance people are facing, focusing urban and suburb areas by adopting a quantitative approach via a questionnaire survey and carrying out actual sound measurements in the western province of Sri Lanka. Lack of awareness of sound levels and risk of adaptation to excessive sound levels in urban conditions were revealed in the research. It was found that traffic noise to be the main sound polluter in urban areas and actual noise levels violate the permissible limit stated in the Sri Lankan regulations. Preference for natural barriers is very high in urban community. Results revealed a high demand by public for aesthetic appeal of natural barriers
SINUSOIDAL MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR THE STUDY OF DIURNAL VARIATION OF SURFACE DISSOLVED OXYGEN FOR THE LAKE SUBHAS SAROBAR, KOLKATA
No full textIn this paper an attempt is made to generate a mathematical model for the study of diurnal variation of surface dissolved oxygen (DO) of Subhas Sarobar Lake, Kolkata. For designing the mathematical model Fourier analysis method is taken in to consideration. Such developed mathematical model must put a signature of regional health condition of lake surrounding. Both the experimental and mathematical simulated results suggest that there exists almost similar trends of sinusoidal variation in surface temperature and surface DO of this lake water in their diurnal profile. Moreover the change in observed diurnal variation of surface DO of lake water in future if any, can give indication about the change in regional health condition of the lake. Actually this type of modeling approach will be able to deal with a wide spectrum of water resource as well as regional environmental problem issues
INVESTIGATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT CONDITION BASED ON WASTEWATER ORGANIC POLLUTION LOADS AND TREATMENT FACILITIES IN THE INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT OF WEST TEHRAN
No full textIndustrial wastewater characteristics were investigated using questionnaire of Environmental Protection Organization of Iran, visiting industrial factories and interviewing. Industries and mining organization data base of all industries were classified in ten categories. Number of industries with greater than 50 staff in industry in this region was 283; fifty industries were selected with classified weighted sampling method for this study.
The average wastewater flow rate generated by these 50 industries was 9422 m3/day, with an average volume of wastewater generated per capita found to be about e 437 liters per day. Minimum organic loading was related to non-metallic mineral industries with COD of 205 mg/L and BOD of 85 mg/L. maximum COD was related to paper industries with a rate of 8800 mg/L and maximum BOD was recorded at food and drug industries with rate of 1536 mg/L.
All of these 10 categories of industries were scored based on generated COD, BOD loading and wastewater load per capita from 1 (minimum) to10 (maximum) and then were ranked from most polluting to least polluting industry. In this study, paper industries with overall score of 28 in three aforementioned parameters were major source of pollution in the industrial district of west Tehran. On the other hand non metallic industry with the overall score of 5 was found to be the least polluting industry.
 
VERMITECHNOLOGY: AN ECO APPROACH OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN RURAL AREAS
No full textOver the last few years, solid waste generation and its management has become one of the biggest major environmental concerns. Each year, human, livestock and crops produce approximately 38 Billion metric ton per year (BMTY-1) of organic waste worldwide. In India food industries, intensive livestock farming and poultry farms generate huge quantities of organic solid wastes. Utilization of these waste materials for productivity process is important for both economical and environmental reasons. Although various physical, chemical and microbiological methods of disposal of organic wastes are currently in use, these methods are time consuming and involve high costs. Therefore, there is a dire need to find out cost-effective alternative method of shorter duration particularly suited to rural conditions. In this regard, vermicomposting (VC) has been reported to be a viable cost-effective and rapid technique for the efficient management of the organic solid wastes. VC is an important aspect, as it converts waste to wealth by using cheap eco-friendly option with the activity of earthworms. Vermicompost is rich in plant nutrients, provides the entire essential nutrient element, improves soil structure, texture, aeration, water holding capacity and prevents soil erosion. Vermicompost is also rich in beneficial micro-flora such as N-fixers, P-solubilizers, cellulose decomposing micro-flora etc. Different organic wastes which are generated in villages have been converted into vermicompost by different species of earthworms include cattle dung, horse waste, pig waste, sheep waste, poultry droppings, cow slurry, kitchen waste, agricultural wastes etc. VC is especially beneficial in rural areas as it targets solid waste management and at the same time provides with chemical free organic fertilizer to enhance crop productivity, employment for rural communities, low cost and high gain technology
QUANTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOIL PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES INFLUENCE BY WHEAT (Triticum aestivum) RESIDUE BURNING IN INDIA
No full textCrop residue burning practice is used by farmers in villages. This practice may be due to lack of knowledge and awareness of their bad impact on soil quality. The effect of wheat residue burning on the quality of black soil was studied. Soil samples were collected before and after burning of crop residues at 0-10 cm depth from Ashrawad khurd village of Indore (MP) India. The physical and chemical parameters of soil were considered for studies. The physical parameters include soil texture, soil particle density, bulk density, pore space, specific gravity, moisture content, water holding capacity and temperature. However chemical parameters include chloride, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, organic matter, available nitrogen, available Sulfur, available phosphorus, available potassium, available zinc, available iron, available manganese and available copper.
Changes were observed in almost all the physical and chemical parameters except soil particle density, soil texture, available nitrogen and available sulfur. However changes in soil available potassium and soil temperature were found significant at 5% and 10% level of significance. Other parameters such as chloride, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, organic carbon, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased, except available iron, available zinc, available manganese and available copper after burning of wheat residues.
The aim of this research paper is quantification and characterization of black soil (physical and chemical parameters) influenced by burning of wheat (Triticum aestivum) residue