Academic Journal Research
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IMPACT OF BULLYING ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE STUDENTS IN NORTH CENTRAL, NIGERIA
Get PDFObjective: This study investigates the impact of bullying on the academic performance of senior secondary school science students in North Central, Nigeria. It examines the differences in academic achievement between bullied and unbullied students and explores gender disparities in bullying experiences. Method: A descriptive survey design was employed, with a sample of 384 students and teachers selected from government co-educational senior secondary schools in Niger State and the Federal Capital Territory using Krejcie and Morgan’s table. A purposive sampling technique was utilized, and data were collected through validated questionnaires. Instrument reliability was assessed using the test-retest method and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.814). Data analysis was conducted using Mann-Whitney and T-tests via SPSS Version 21. Results: Findings revealed that unbullied students significantly outperformed bullied students academically. Males were identified as the predominant perpetrators, while females were the primary victims. The study also highlights effective anti-bullying strategies, including policy implementation, school climate improvement, teacher training, and student-led initiatives. Novelty: This study provides empirical evidence on the academic consequences of bullying within science education in Nigeria, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. It contributes to the literature by proposing practical measures for school administrators and policymakers to mitigate bullying and support affected students
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION THROUGH TEACHER COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT: A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of teacher competency development policies in both Indonesia and Malaysia and identify challenges and supporting factors for their implementation. Method: The method used is a literature review, analyzing policy documents, scientific journals, and official reports. Results: The results indicate that Indonesia emphasizes a decentralized approach through the Merdeka Belajar program and teacher certification, but still faces challenges in access to training and quality equity. Meanwhile, Malaysia implements a centralized approach through the Institut Pendidikan Guru (IPG) and the Program Pembangunan Profesional Berterusan (CPD), with systematic support for technology integration. Both countries face similar challenges, such as infrastructure limitations in remote areas. Novelty: This study recommends strengthening regional cooperation, exchanging best practices, and increasing policy flexibility to address local needs
THE POLITICIZATION OF THE JUDICIARY DURING ZIA-UL-HAQ’S ERA: A PATH TO LEGITIMACY
Get PDFObjective: This study investigates the role of the judiciary during General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq’s military regime (1977–1988), focusing on how judicial institutions were instrumentalised to legitimise authoritarian rule, suppress political opposition, and implement an Islamisation agenda. Method: Employing a qualitative historical-analytical approach, the research critically analyses primary legal documents, constitutional amendments, and landmark court judgments from the Zia era, complemented by secondary scholarly sources. Results: The findings reveal a strategic transformation of Pakistan's judiciary from an independent body into an apparatus serving executive interests. Courts were co-opted through structural changes and doctrinal shifts, such as the validation of martial law under the doctrine of necessity and the endorsement of Islamisation policies, which aligned judicial functions with the regime’s ideological objectives. Novelty: This study contributes original insight into the systematic erosion of judicial autonomy under military rule in Pakistan, highlighting the judiciary’s complicity in legitimising undemocratic governance. By tracing this transformation, the research offers a foundational context for understanding contemporary challenges to judicial independence and civil-military relations in Pakistan’s constitutional development
THE STRATEGY OF INSTITUTIONALITY OF PANCASILA VALUES IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE CULTURE OF THE MINANGKABAU CULTURE
Get PDFObjective: Pancasila is extracted from the cultural treasures of the Indonesian nation itself, from the results of long and continuous interactions with various elements of the Indonesian nation which are diverse and of various colors, with various accompanying situations. Method: The noble values of Pancasila are excavations and filters of customary elements that exist and are spread throughout the archipelago. That is why Pancasila is very suitable to be used as a guideline and way of life, a guide for the life of the Indonesian people, more than any other philosophy that has ever appeared, was born and tested in the history of the Indonesian nation. Result: Materially Pancasila has fundamental values which are the crystallization of various local wisdoms. This proves that the noble basic values of Pancasila, among others, can be extracted from the Minangkabau customary sayings, which are sources and treasure troves of pearls of wisdom that contain very deep meanings. Novelty: The philosophy contained in the expression of the Minangkabau customary saying and the values of Pancasila, at least the two go hand in hand and synergize with each other in providing a philosophical basis for the life of the Indonesian nation. Efforts and strategies for institutionalizing Pancasila values based on local wisdom values must always be carried out in parallel and synergistic ways
A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF IRONY IN SHAKESPEARE’S HAMLET: AN OVERVIEW
Get PDFObjective: This study investigates the pragmatic foundations of irony in Shakespeare’s Hamlet, focusing on identifying the dominant strategies of irony, the mechanisms that trigger ironic meaning, and the development of an eclectic analytical model grounded in Leech’s and Rajimwale’s principles. Method: Employing a qualitative descriptive design, the study examines selected textual excerpts from Hamlet, analyzing the illocutionary force of ironic utterances through contextual, linguistic, and pragmatic cues. Results: Analysis reveals that destructive irony—particularly sarcasm, hyperbole, and litotes—appears far more frequently than constructive irony, serving Hamlet’s goals of confrontation, suspicion-verification, and social critique. Constructive mechanisms such as satire, pun, and banter occur rarely, functioning mainly to reduce social distance or subtly reform behavior. The findings show that irony in the play operates as a powerful communicative tool used to reveal deception, challenge authority, and expose moral corruption. Novelty: This research offers a synthesized pragmatic model capable of systematically identifying and interpreting ironic strategies in dramatic and narrative texts, providing a transferable analytical framework for future literary-pragmatic studies
THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ CHARACTER OF HONESTY AND HARD WORK AT SDN 7 CAKRANEGARA
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to analyze the role of teachers in developing students' character, particularly honesty and hard work, through a character and discipline guidance program at SDN 7 Cakranegara. Method: This research uses an ex post facto method with a descriptive qualitative approach involving interviews, observations, and documentation. Results: The findings show that teachers play a significant role through exemplary behavior, routine moral habituation, motivational strategies, and participatory learning methods. Although the program positively shapes students' honesty and work ethic, challenges remain, especially students’ diverse backgrounds and low learning motivation. Novelty: Strengthening instructional strategies, parental involvement, and continuous character-building activities proved essential in internalizing honesty and hard work among students
A STUDY OF IRAQI SECONDARY STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD PEER FEEDBACK
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to explore the attitudes of Iraqi high school students toward peer feedback in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Method: Using a quantitative research design, this study surveyed 59 male high school students in Najaf City, Iraq, to understand their perceptions of peer feedback. Results: The results indicate that students generally have positive attitudes toward peer feedback, finding it beneficial for improving their writing skills and motivating them to learn. However, students also expressed concerns about their ability to provide accurate feedback due to a lack of confidence in their grammatical knowledge. These findings suggest that while peer feedback is a useful tool in EFL classrooms, students may require additional training and support to fully benefit from it. Novelty: The study contributes to the broader discourse on feedback in education by highlighting the importance of cultural and contextual factors in implementing peer feedback practices
THE IMPACT OF THE ABOLITION OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT ON ETHICS AND DISCIPLINE AMONG STUDENTS AT THE NURUL IKHLAS MODERN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
Get PDFObjective: This study investigates the impact of eliminating corporal punishment on students’ ethical behavior and disciplinary patterns at Nurul Ikhlas Modern Islamic Boarding School (PPMNI). Method: Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected through direct observation, interviews with school leaders and caregivers, and analysis of institutional documents. Results: The findings indicate that while the former use of corporal punishment contributed to a heightened sense of discipline, its abolition has led to a decline in students’ ethical behavior, despite an observable improvement in their external compliance with school rules. This suggests a shift from internalized values to superficial conformity. The study highlights that non-physical disciplinary strategies have not fully succeeded in fostering the same depth of moral development. Novelty: This research contributes to the discourse on school discipline by revealing the nuanced consequences of banning corporal punishment in religious educational settings and by emphasizing the need for structured ethical and spiritual reinforcement to sustain moral integrity in the absence of physical discipline
STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION THROUGH TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP IN ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to explore the strategy for improving the quality of education through transformational leadership in Islamic educational institutions, addressing challenges such as limited principal training, insufficient teacher competence in technology-based teaching methods, and cultural barriers. Method: The research adopts a library research approach, utilizing scientific journal articles and relevant research reports as data sources. Results: The findings reveal that (1) transformational leadership enhances educational quality by inspiring and motivating teachers and students. Principals act as role models, provide a clear vision, and create an environment that fosters innovation in learning. (2) Strategies for developing educational quality include continuous teacher training, inclusive evaluation processes, and collaboration with parents and the community. Principals focus on professional development, creating a supportive educational ecosystem, and leveraging transformational leadership to achieve better educational outcomes. (3) Transformational leadership positively impacts teacher motivation and performance by offering personal and professional support, fostering a culture of appreciation and innovation, which ultimately enhances teaching quality and educational outcomes. Novelty: This study provides a comprehensive strategy for implementing transformational leadership tailored to Islamic educational institutions, addressing cultural and contextual challenges to improve educational quality
LEARNING MATHEMATICS OF KPK MATERIAL USING STUDENT ASSIGNMENT METHOD GRADE IV
Get PDFObjective: The main objective of this study is to Improve the process of learning mathematics, especially in the main material of KPK Using the Assignment Method for Grade IV Elementary School Students. Method: In teaching mathematics to students, the material should not be delivered abstractly and formally but using the assignment method. In teaching mathematics to students, the material should not be delivered abstractly and formally but using concrete objects around the students. Results: The use of the Assignment Method can be applied to improve the learning of mathematics with the subject matter of KPK through the assignment method for Grade IV elementary school students, this is proven by the students’ learning outcomes who have been able to complete the tasks given by the teacher well, students have mastered mathematics learning about the least common multiple, the learning given by the teacher can be digested and understood by the students, students conduct question and answer sessions with the teacher without any burden. Novelty: One way that teachers do in teaching mathematics to students is to teach by paying attention to the level of students' thinking. In learning mathematics, what teachers should do in teaching mathematics to students is to teach by paying attention to the level of students' thinking