Journal of Medical Genetics and Clinical Biology
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LIPID PEROXIDATION PRODUCTS AND FREE FATTY ACIDS IN BLOOD PLASMA AND CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID IN CHILDREN WITH CONVULSIVE SYNDROME
Get PDFObjective: This study aims to investigate the levels of lipid peroxidation (LP) products and free fatty acids (FFA) in children with convulsive syndrome (CS) to understand the oxidative stress associated with seizures. Method: A total of 45 children aged from several months to 1.5 years with various forms of CS were analyzed, alongside a control group of 13 healthy adults. Blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected, and the concentrations of LP products (diene conjugates and Schiff bases) and FFA were quantified using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods. Results: The findings revealed that children with CS exhibited significantly elevated levels of diene conjugates (810 ± 150 nmol per 1 mg lipids) and Schiff bases (42.6 ± 5.5% per 1 mg lipids) in blood plasma compared to the control group. Additionally, FFA levels in the blood plasma (2.1 ± 0.4 µg per 1 mg protein) were found to be markedly higher than those in healthy adults. These results indicate a profound increase in oxidative stress in children with CS, correlating with the duration and type of seizures. Novelty: This study highlights the critical role of oxidative stress in pediatric convulsive disorders and suggests that incorporating antioxidant therapies, such as α-tocopherol, may improve treatment efficacy in these patients. The findings provide a foundation for further research into therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress in pediatric neurology
THE SPECTRUM OF SENSITIZATION TO AEROALLERGENS AS ONE OF THE RISK FACTORS FOR UNCONTROLLED SEVERE BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the significance of the spectrum of sensitization to aeroallergens in adult patients with severe bronchial asthma as risk factors for uncontrolled disease progression. Methods: An observational, single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted involving 93 patients diagnosed with severe bronchial asthma. The study examined qualitative and quantitative indicators, including demographic characteristics and comorbid diseases. These factors were analyzed to identify their impact on achieving controlled disease progression. Results: The analysis identified a significant association between aeroallergen sensitization and the difficulty of achieving disease control in patients with severe bronchial asthma. Specific aeroallergens were found to exacerbate symptoms, complicating disease management and increasing the likelihood of uncontrolled progression. Demographic and comorbid factors further amplified these risks, highlighting the multifactorial nature of disease management challenges in this patient population. Novelty: This study underscores the critical role of aeroallergen sensitization in the progression of severe bronchial asthma. By isolating the impact of aeroallergens and integrating demographic and comorbid factors, this research provides a comprehensive perspective on risk assessment and offers potential pathways for improved disease management strategies
HELICOBACTER PYLORI VACA, CAGA, ICEA1, AND ICEA2 GENOTYPES IN GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES PATIENTS FROM MOSUL/IRAQ
Get PDFObjective: Helicobacter pylori is a key cause of gastroduodenal disorders, with cagA-positive strains linked to gastric cancer primarily in Western populations. Other virulent genes may enhance the effects of cagA in disease development. This study sought to identify common H. pylori virulence genes in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Methods: Biopsy specimens were collected from 100 patients. All DNA samples underwent PCR to confirm H. pylori infection, with positive samples further genotyped. Each PCR reaction used specific primers. Results: EGD findings indicated abnormalities in 89% of patients and normal results in 11%. The gene detection rate was 77%. Analysis of 77 samples showed virulence gene prevalence as 40.3% for cagA, 46.8% for iceA1, and 31.2% for iceA2, with 76.6% containing vacA. The vacA gene was the most common, except in normal findings, where iceA1 was second, followed by cagA and iceA2. High vacA positivity was noted across various conditions, while cagA and iceA2 were absent in some patient groups. A 100% positivity rate for iceA1 was observed in patients with combined gastritis and gastric ulcers. The combination of cagA, iceA1, and vacA was observed in 20.8% of cases, while vacA and iceA1 appeared in 18.2% and vacA and iceA2 in 14.3%. Furthermore, the combination of cagA, iceA2, and vacA was found in 9.1% of cases. Conversely, the combined genotypes of cagA with iceA1, iceA2, and vacA were present at lower frequencies of 2.6%, 3.9%, and 3.9%, respectively. The individual occurrence of virulence factors varied, with vacA present in 10.4% of cases, iceA1 in 5.2%, and iceA2 in 3.9%. Additionally, cagA, iceA1, iceA2, and vacA genes were absent in 7.8% of cases. Novelty: This study reveals unique H. pylori virulence gene combinations and prevalence in Mosul, Iraq, offering regional-specific insights
CLINICAL PICTURES OF COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS OBSERVED IN ALCOHOLISM
Get PDFObjective: To explore the complications of the nervous system associated with alcoholism and address the gaps in understanding the pathogenesis and effects of ethanol on neural and muscular systems. Methods: A comprehensive review of historical and recent studies on alcoholic lesions of the nervous system was conducted. This involved examining the extent of damage caused by ethanol exposure across various nervous system components and muscles, as well as analyzing the diverse pathogenetic mechanisms underlying these toxic effects. Results: Findings indicate that ethanol exposure results in widespread damage to nearly all parts of the nervous system and muscular structures. The toxic effects are attributed to a variety of pathogenetic mechanisms, which collectively contribute to the complex clinical manifestations of alcohol-induced neurological disorders. Novelty: This study underscores the multifaceted impact of ethanol toxicity, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of its pathogenetic mechanisms. It highlights areas where current knowledge is insufficient, paving the way for future research to better address and manage alcohol-related neurological complications
EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION ON EARLY MOBILIZATION COMPLIANCE AMONG POST-CESAREAN MOTHERS
Get PDFMany mothers lack awareness of the benefits of early mobilization following caesarean section (post-Sc). This study aimed to assess the influence of educational intervention on early mobilization among post-Sc mothers at RSAD Level III Brawijaya Surabaya, utilizing a pre-experimental design with a single cohort. The sample consisted of 43 mothers who underwent caesarean section from December 2023 to January 2024, selected through purposive sampling. Early mobilization served as the dependent variable, with education as the independent variable. Results revealed a positive shift post-education, with 20 participants (47%) improving from the "good" category to only 2 (5%) post-education. Additionally, 22 respondents (51%) moved to the "sufficient" category, up from 19 (44%) previously. Conversely, the "less" category decreased from 22 (51%) to 1 (3%) post-education. Statistical analysis (ρ=0.001, α=0.05) confirmed significant impact of counseling on early mobilization post-caesarean section, rejecting H0. In conclusion, educational intervention positively affected maternal compliance with early mobilization after caesarean section at RSAD Level III Brawijaya Surabaya. Suggestions include integrating comprehensive early mobilization content into midwife education curriculum
Estimate of Some Immune-Biomarkers in Children with Entamoeba Histolytica Infection
Get PDFThe current work was aimed to evaluate of some immune-biomarkers in children with Entamoeba histolytica infection. General stool examination was done to patients for detection of E. histolytica infection. A total 150 patients of less than 13 years, whom attended the parasitology section at period February to June 2023. The chosen patients were suffered from abdominal pain and diarrhea. The results showed that gender is not related to infection with E. histolytica, as there were no significant (P≤0.05) differences between the proportions of males and females. The IgG concentration of infected children (24.05±3.94 ng/L) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) rise compared to the healthy children (11.72±2.55 ng/L). IgA concentration of infected children (159.42±18.62 ng/L) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) rise compared to the healthy children (38.93±7.01 ng/L). IgM concentration of infected children (4.84±0.45 ng/L) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) rise compared to the healthy children (2.17±0.35 ng/L). The IL-4 concentration of infected children (29.47±4.04 pg/ml) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) rise compared to the healthy children (16.54±3.94 pg/ml). IL-6 concentration of infected children (183.25±21.37 pg/ml) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) rise compared to the healthy children (26.12±4.51 pg/ml). The TLR2 levels of infected children (24.05±3.94 ng/L) indicated a significant (P≤0.05) rise compared to the healthy children (11.72±2.55 ng/L). therefore, its concluded that E. histolytica lead to a high immune response that leads to an increase in levels of immune parameters in infected childre
Investigating Drug Interactions And Antibacterial Activity Of Vitamin C On Pathogenic Factors Of Escherichia Coli Clinical Isolates
Get PDFToday, the phenomenon of multi-drug resistance has become a major cause of concern, and insufficient achievements have been made in the development of new antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new auxiliary search. Vitamin C is one such promising supplement. The current study was conducted with the aim of explaining the antibacterial interaction effect of vitamin C in different concentrations (5-20 mg/ml) and drugs effective on Escherichia coli bacteria. In order to collect clinical samples during the months of September to November 2022, clinical samples were collected from 100 patients suspected of urinary tract infection who referred to medical centers. For identification, biochemical tests and gram staining and culture in IMViC and EMB environments were used to see metallic green polish. Then antimicrobial sensitivity test And the effect of antibiotic on biofilm formation, the effect of antibiotic and ascorbic acid on biofilm formation, biofilm inhibition rate was done for the single and combined effects of both antimicrobial substances. Finally, in order to investigate and identify the virulence gene of the isolated strains, DNA extraction was performed by PCR method. 45 samples of urinary infection culture were identified from the total of 100 samples collected, in 45 (45%) of them colonies with metallic polish were observed. 45% were men and 55% were women, and of these, a total of 45 positive E. coli cases were found in women and 17 positive cases were seen in men. Less than one year, teenagers, young and old were divided. 2 cases (2%) were in the age group of less than one year, 3 cases (3%) were teenagers, 63 cases (63%) were young and 32 cases (32%) were in the age group of middle-aged people. In a situation where the ability to form biofilm under vitamin C (ascorbic acid) treatment was not very effective and did not differ much from normal conditions, antibiotic treatment (under MBC gentamicin treatment) was somewhat successful in inhibiting biofilm formation, finally with the combination of antibiotic and Ascorbic acid was completely isolated in many resistant strains, the inability to form biofilm was evident, and this indicated the synergistic effects in the investigated composition. As the results showed, the ability to produce biofilm in the samples that had the target genes in this study was not much different from the other samples. Considering the increasing resistance to some antibiotics and wide changes in the effective spectrum of drugs and preventing the increase of drug-resistant cases, the necessity of conducting drug sensitivity tests seems very necessary. The high prevalence of E. coli antibiotic resistance and the high percentage of resistance genes in patients suffering from infections caused by this bacterium can indicate the excessive use of antibiotics. Finally, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is a useful marker for investigating resistance genes and can be useful in ecological investigations. Also, with clear inhibitory effects, the selected antibiotic in this study along with ascorbic acid, this vitamin can be used as a supplement in some infections caused by E. coli bacteria
An investigation of the correlation between flavonoids and cancer
Get PDFAntioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic effects have been associated with flavonoids, a class of phenolic chemicals present in several plants. Brain, stomach, and blood cancers are just a few of the many types of malignancies that these substances have the potential to prevent or treat, according to research. Flavonoids have several effects on cancer, including slowing tumour development, promoting apoptosis, and preventing metastasis. Furthermore, their antioxidant capabilities can shield cells from free radical damage and lower cancer risk. To completely understand the effects of flavonoids and to define the exact quantities and methods of their administration for optimal efficacy, further study and more extensive clinical trials are needed, notwithstanding the early promising results. Nonetheless, a nutritious diet that includes foods high in flavonoids can aid in improving general health and lowering the risk of chronic illnesse
Detection and Quantification of Human Herpes Viruses Types-6 and Cytomegaly Viruses in Sperm Samples of Patients with Fertility Disorders
Get PDFBackground; Viral infections are common around the world and cause many health problems. Infertility in men is a widespread health problem that can affect lifestyle and psychological state. Aims of the study; Study of the effect of herpes virus type 6 and cytomegalovirus on infertility disorders in men. Methodology; A case control study was done for a 100 specimens collected from men. This study has been conducted in Al Sader Medical City / Infertility Center / Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf and privet Center Dr. Ali Al-Ibrahimi for Embryos and Infertility in najaf . During the period from 10/10/ 2023 to 10/4/2024. The current study consisted of a sample size of 100 males, which was subsequently separated into two groups. The control group comprised 40 fertile men, aged 25 to 45 years, who had experienced both primary and secondary fecundity for at least twelve months. The Patients Cases group, consisting of sixty infertile males aged between 22 and 46 years, was categorized into two subgroups based on the type of infertility. There were forty-six guys who were classified as main infertility. There were a total of fourteen men who experienced secondary infertility. Male participants who are reproductive age, normal seminal analysis which is healthy and have a child as a Control group (Fertile men). Name of patient, sample number, Age (years), Education, housing area, Type of work, height, weight, Smoking, chronic diseases, History of surgery, Primary infertility, Secondary infertility, Sperm count, Sperm motility and Sperm morphology. Detection of CMV in semen plasma by CMV ELISA kit and detection of HHV 6 in semen plasma by HHV 6 ELISA kit. Result; The results showed that there was no statistical significance in age between the two groups. They also showed that there was statistical significance in smoking, type of infertility, and duration of infertility. The results showed statistical significance in the results for herpes and cytomegalovirus. There is also no statistical significance regarding the number of cases of cytomegalovirus infection according to age. On the contrary, there was statistical significance regarding age in herpes. The results also indicated that there was statistical evidence in the sperm analysis between the two groups. Conclusions; The statistical evidence between the two groups in the number of infection cases for all groups or by age indicates the role of viral infections in causing infertility in men
DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS NECROTIC HEPATITIS DISEASE
Get PDFThe article outlines laboratory techniques for diagnosing infectious necrotic hepatitis in sheep using pathological material. It also provides guidance on how to properly choose, package, and transmit the pathological material from deceased sheep to the laboratory. The process of isolating the causative agent of the disease and examining its cultural, morphological, and biological features. Additionally, a biological research method for studying this infection is also availabl