Journal of Medical Genetics and Clinical Biology
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EFFECT OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Get PDFVitamin D deficiency (VDD) in pregnant women and their children is an important health problem with severe consequences for the health of both. Thus, the objectives of this review were to reassess the magnitude and consequences of VDD during pregnancy, lactation and infancy, associated risk factors, prevention methods, and to explore epigenetic mechanisms in early fetal life capable of explaining many of the non-skeletal benefits of vitamin D (ViD).
AWARENESS OF HEALTH CARE WORKERS TOWARDS ANTI-OBESITY MEDICATIONS IN A SAMPLE OF HOSPITALS IN AL-DIWANIYAH PROVINCE, IRAQ
Get PDFBackground: The most common medical condition in low-, middle-, and high-income countries is obesity. Thus, diet, lifestyle, and anti-obesity drugs are becoming popular adjuvant treatments for this medical condition. Knowing the community's opinion and awareness is crucial. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Diwaniyah province hospitals. A convenience sample of 200 health care workers in Al-Diwaniyah province hospitals who are enrolled in the three hospitals (Al-Diwaniyah teaching, the general Al-Hamiza, and the general Al-Shamia). This study includes health care workers (HCWs) of both genders and ages over 20 years of morning shift. While this study excludes those with an educational level below secondary school, administrative staff were excluded from the study. The data collect started from the 3rd of November 2023 till the 13th of February 2024. Results: The results of this study indicate that 52.5% of health workers have a moderate awareness score, followed by 24.5% of the participants have a poor awareness score, and only 23.0% of HCWs have a good awareness score. the results of this study reveal that there is significant relationship between demographic characteristics and overall awareness score (P. value <0.05), except for residence. Conclusions: The study report that most HCWs have a moderate awareness about anti-obesity drugs. These results explain that old age, males’ gender, high education and physician have good assessment scores for awareness about anti-obesity drugs. The study recommends developing and focusing on community-based educational programs and campaigns on anti-obesity medications to improve their views on obesity management
REVEAL THE ROLE OF GARLIC SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND GARLIC ZINC NANOPARTICLES ON CANDIDA ALBICANA ISOLATED FROM WOMEN WITH VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS
Get PDFThe current investigation aimed to reveal the role of garlic silver nanoparticles and garlic zinc nanoparticles on Candida albicana isolated from women with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. 120 clinical samples were collected during the period from February to May 2024 from married female patients, collected from Salah al-Din General Hospital. Samples were collected for women with vaginal candidiasis whose ages ranged from (20-50 years). The initial diagnosis and examination for follow-up examinations were conducted with the assistance of a female gynecologist. The results of the microscopic and morphological examination of the total number of samples (120) showed that there were 69(57.5%) positive samples, while the number of negative samples was 51(42.5%). The molecular assay was positive for all DNA samples from the patients with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis, with Cq values ranging (24.402- 29.437) for ALS1 gene, (14.748-29.562) for HWP1 and (23.699-28.23) for ACT1. Results showed 9(90.0%), 10(100.0%) and 7(70.0%) of C. albicans isolates had ALS1, HWP1 and ACT1 gene respectively, which is one of the virulence factors in yeast C. albicanes. On the other hand, the results of the current study demonstrate the effectiveness of both AgNPs and ZnO NPs against Candida albicans. A concentration of 250 and 500 ppm was used for both AgNPs and ZnO NPs. It was found that the average diameter of the inhibition zone for 10 isolates tested was (8.04±3.47) and (21.25±3.18) for AgNPs. prepared with garlic, and the average diameter of the inhibition zone for 10 isolates tested was (8.99±2.24) and (19.57±2.54) for ZnO NPs prepared with garlic. It is concluded from the current study that both AgNPs and ZnO NPs prepared with garlic extract have inhibitory activity against Candida albicans
IMPROVING QUALITY OF LIFE FOR WOMEN WITH GENETIC-RELATED INFERTILITY
Get PDFBackground: Infertility treatments significantly impact the quality of life for women, with poor psychological well-being often leading to higher rates of treatment discontinuation. Specific Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a common intervention for genetically infertile women, yet its effects on quality of life remain underexplored, particularly using comprehensive tools like the Fertility Quality of Life Questionnaire (FERTIQOL). Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have not thoroughly assessed the impact of IVF on quality of life using FERTIQOL among genetically infertile women in specific geographic locations, such as Iraq. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the FERTIQOL among genetically infertile women undergoing IVF to determine its impact on their quality of life. Results: A total of 75 genetically infertile women, aged 20-45 years, were recruited from Baghdad hospitals between April 6, 2023, and October 10, 2024. The study found a 64% prevalence of primary infertility and a 36% prevalence of secondary infertility. Post-IVF complications occurred in 25.33% of cases, and pregnancy loss was reported in 32% of patients. Hormonal levels were recorded as follows: FSH 6.58 ± 0.05 IU/L, LH 6.52 ± 0.61 IU/L, estradiol 161.92 ± 6.18 pmol/L, and progesterone 0.89 ± 0.48 nmol/L. The FERTIQOL scores revealed a mean tolerability score of 76.55 ± 13.20, a treatment FertiQoL score of 67.91 ± 10.83, a relational score of 60.02 ± 8.74, and a Mind/Body score of 68.78 ± 16.59. Novelty: This study is among the first to assess the impact of IVF on quality of life in genetically infertile women using FERTIQOL in an Iraqi setting. Implications: The findings highlight the significant role of IVF in managing genetic infertility and its profound impact on patients' quality of life, underscoring the need for comprehensive support systems during treatment
PRENATAL INVESTIGATION AND MANAGEMENT OF NON-IMMUNE HYDROPS FETALIS
Get PDFBackground: Advances in medicine have significantly improved our ability to address various diseases affecting the unborn child, with fetal medicine emerging as a rapidly evolving field. Specific Background: Nonimmune hydrops fetalis, a severe antenatal pathology requiring advanced minimally invasive treatment techniques, exemplifies the critical challenges and progress in fetal medicine. Knowledge Gap: Despite advancements, there remains a need for a comprehensive review of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, encompassing its etiology, clinical presentation, and management, particularly with regard to recent data from specialized fetal medicine departments. Aims: This article aims to review the multifaceted aspects of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, including its causes, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options, while providing insights from recent cases managed within a fetal medicine department. Results: The review covers the etiology of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, which can be attributed to a range of genetic, cardiac, and infectious factors. It discusses the clinical presentation and highlights advancements in antenatal diagnosis and management. Additionally, the article presents case studies from the fetal medicine department, illustrating contemporary approaches and outcomes. Novelty: This review provides an updated synthesis of nonimmune hydrops fetalis management and diagnosis, integrating recent case studies and technological advancements. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of continued research and innovation in fetal medicine to enhance the diagnosis and management of nonimmune hydrops fetalis, ultimately improving outcomes for affected pregnancies
INVESTIGATION OF FUNGAL CONTAMINATION IN FRESH RAISIN JUICE IN MOSUL CITY AND ITS SUBURBS
Get PDFElected(40) a random sample of raisin juice from both sides of Mosul city (right and left) and its suburbs, which included the areas of Bashiqa, Al-Hamdaniya, Bartella, Al-Shekhan, Aqra and Dohuk, for the period from January 2023 to April 2024, to detect the extent of contamination of these samples with fungi and yeasts using the culture media Potato Dextrose Agar and Sabouraud Sucrose Agar. The results of the culture of the samples showed that there were fungi that grew on the two media and others that grew on one media. All isolates were diagnosed based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics and diagnosis using the planting medium. (121) fungal isolates of different species were obtained with a contamination rate of (100%) distributed as follows: The highest contamination rate for fungal species 33/121 (27.3%). Candida spp. and (27.3%)33/121 Apergillus spp., respectively, while I reached Contamination rate of raisin juice with Wickerhamomycesanomalus15/121(12.39%),Saccaromyces cervisiae14/121(11.57%), Rhotodorula spp.14/121(8.26%), and Penicillium ssp. and Exophiala dermatitidis (3.3%) each. Four fungal isolates wereFor each of them, followed by the following fungal species: Geotrichum spp. and Fusarium spp. and Epidermophytes floccosum by percentage pollution reached(0.82%) respectively but Pollution rate by Mushrooms(4/121(2.47% Cladosporiumoxysporu and (1.65%)2/121 Trichophyton mentagrophytonThe results of the study showed that (26)A sample of raisin juice was heavily contaminated with filamentous fungi and yeasts.By (65%)And it isR1, R3, R4, R5, R7, R9, R10, R11, R12, R14, R15, R16, R17, R19, R20, R21, R22, R26, R28, R29, R30, R35, R36, R38, R39, and R40. The other samples were contaminated with fungi at a low rate. And I ranto be sureDiagnosisfor fungal isolationUsing molecular methods to compare nitrogenous base sequences at the National Center for Biotechnology InformationNCBI using BLAST And it was recordedstrainnewAndCandida oleophilastrain MAYKAIY and sequenced as PP961930.1 in GenBankGlobal
DIAGNOSIS OF LIVER FIBROSIS IN CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS C IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN
Get PDFGeneral Background: Chronic viral hepatitis (CH) poses a significant challenge in contemporary healthcare, leading to severe liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Specific Background: Among the known hepatotropic viruses, hepatitis B, C, D, and G are implicated in chronic liver conditions, with hepatitis C virus (HCV) being particularly concerning in co-infected populations, such as children with HIV. Knowledge Gap: While the progression of liver fibrosis in CH is well-documented, the interplay of risk factors affecting fibrosis progression in HIV-infected children remains underexplored. Aims: This study aims to assess the risk factors influencing liver fibrosis in children diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C and co-infected with HIV, emphasizing the need for timely diagnosis and management. Results: Preliminary findings indicate that HIV co-infection significantly exacerbates the progression of liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C, highlighting age, immune status, and viral load as critical factors. Novelty: This research provides novel insights into the unique clinical presentation of liver disease in pediatric HIV-positive populations, which is often overlooked in current literature. Implications: The implications of this study are profound, suggesting that healthcare providers must prioritize regular screening for liver fibrosis in this vulnerable demographic to improve clinical outcomes and inform therapeutic strategies. Addressing this issue could lead to enhanced management protocols for co-infected children, ultimately reducing morbidity associated with chronic liver disease
HEMOGLOBINOPATHY IN BASRAH GOVERNORATE, CENTER STATISTICS AND NEW REGISTRY CHARACTERISTICS
Get PDFA retrospective study that had been conducted depending on the patients records and center data bases, concentration on the evidence of registering new cases of the disease categories, a total of 8721 patients had been registered most of them was of sickle cell diseases categories (sickle cell anemia, sickle/β+ and sickle/β0) of 5954 (68.26%), thalassemia syndromes (27.71%). 52.11% are males and 47.78% are females with a male: female ratio of 1.09, most of them are of below 18 years old 4741 (54.34%) with an adult group of 3972 (45.54%), one third of them were illiterates the rest were educated of different levels, only 6% reached higher education. 1817 different hemoglobinopathy patients was registered in Basrah during the last five years, 27.6% of them were registered during 2019 alone, 39.8% of them were homozygous sickle cell diseases while heterozygous (sickle/β+, sickle/β0) represented 33.0% of all registered cases, thalassemia syndromes (thalassemia major, thalassemia intermedia and α thalassemia) were only 27.0%. conclusions Basra governorate contain a large cohort of hemoglobinopathies patients on the national level and new case detection and registry is still significantly high for the last five years although premarital screening program did conducted recommendation a more correlational and comparable studies are to be conducted to highlight different variables of the disease-specific characteristics and an evaluation is to be conducted on evidence based way for the outcome of the currently conducted premarital screening program
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIALS OF LIVER FIBROSIS FORMATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS C WITH EXTRAHEPATIVE MANIFESTATIONS
Get PDFBackground: Chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC) is often associated with various extrahepatic manifestations, which may complicate the disease's progression. Specific Background: Cryoglobulinemia, characterized by the presence of cryoglobulins in the blood, has been implicated in the exacerbation of liver conditions, yet its role in CVHC remains inadequately explored. Knowledge Gap: Despite existing knowledge of the relationship between cryoglobulinemia and liver disease, the specific impact of cryoglobulinemia on the severity of liver fibrosis and associated extrahepatic manifestations in CVHC patients requires further elucidation. Aims: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of extrahepatic manifestations and the extent of liver fibrosis in patients with CVHC who also present with cryoglobulinemia, thereby determining the clinical implications of cryoglobulin presence. Results: Our findings indicate that patients with cryoglobulinemia demonstrate a significantly higher prevalence of extrahepatic manifestations and advanced stages of liver fibrosis compared to those without cryoglobulinemia. Novelty: This research contributes novel insights into the aggravating role of cryoglobulins in the clinical course of CVHC, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for disease severity. Implications: These results underscore the need for enhanced clinical monitoring and tailored therapeutic approaches for CVHC patients with cryoglobulinemia, as their condition may predict a more severe disease trajectory and necessitate more aggressive management strategies