Journal of Medical Genetics and Clinical Biology
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LITERATURE REVIEW: PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT IN ANKLE SPRAIN CASES
Full text linkObjective: This study aims to summarize secondary data related to sprain ankle. Methods: The research method used is a literature study using secondary data in the form of journals related to the sprained ankle topic obtained through Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. Results: Several studies have shown that someone with ankle sprains can be given physiotherapy according to their condition. Novelty: The study emphasizes the role of exercise therapy in improving muscle weakness and ligament laxity caused by damage to the lateral ligament complex in ankle sprains, highlighting its importance in the rehabilitation process
TYPES OF COMPLICATIONS IN DENTAL IMPLANTATION
Full text linkObjective: To improve the quality of prosthetic treatment supported by dental implants. Methods: A clinical analysis of long-term outcomes of prosthetic treatment supported by dental implants was conducted on 267 patients aged 20 to 60 years, revealing numerous clinical complications. Results: The use of prosthetic constructions supported by dental implants is motivated by their high aesthetic, functional, and articulatory benefits. However, analysis of current literature indicates that prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with partial edentulism using implant-supported crowns is associated with a relatively high rate of complications. Novelty: The novelty of the study lies in the clinical analysis of long-term outcomes, which uncovers numerous clinical complications in the rehabilitation of patients with partial edentulism using implant-supported crowns
GENETIC MUTATIONS AND THEIR STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL IMPACT ON ENZYMES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Full text linkObjective: Genetic mutations play a fundamental role in shaping enzyme structure, dynamics, and catalytic function, thereby influencing biological evolution, disease mechanisms, and biotechnological innovation. Understanding the relationship between genotype and enzymatic phenotype remains a major scientific challenge, particularly in predicting the functional consequences of missense and non-synonymous mutations. Method: This review provides a comprehensive examination of the structural and functional impact of genetic mutations on enzymes, emphasizing advances in computational and biophysical methodologies. Classical molecular dynamics simulations offer atomic-level insights into conformational flexibility and allosteric communication, while quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approaches elucidate catalytic mechanisms and electronic transitions during enzymatic reactions. Additionally, emerging machine learning strategies enable large-scale prediction of mutational effects and rational enzyme engineering by exploring complex sequence–structure–function relationships. Results: Variations ranging from single nucleotide substitutions to larger structural alterations may induce subtle or profound changes in protein folding, stability, substrate specificity, and reaction kinetics. The integration of physics-based simulations and data-driven models represents a transformative framework for understanding mutation-induced enzymatic alterations, accelerating enzyme design, improving predictive accuracy, and expanding applications in industrial biocatalysis and therapeutic development. Novelty: Such multidisciplinary approaches accelerate enzyme design, improve predictive accuracy, and expand applications in industrial biocatalysis and therapeutic development. Continued methodological innovation is essential to bridge existing gaps in correlating genetic variation with enzymatic performance
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN STREPTOCOCCUS SOBRINUS AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI WITHIN THE 20-60 YEAR AGE RANGE
Full text linkObjective: Dental caries and gum disease, along with their associated problems, harm human health. Streptococcus sobrinus bacteria are a major cause, forming the primary colonies in the oral cavity. The mouth is a key gateway to the digestive system, serving as a significant biological entry point for numerous microbes, including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, which colonizes the gastric mucosa and causes serious upper gastrointestinal diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between S. sobrinus and H. pylori infection. Methods: Nephrometric immunoassay was used to assess antibodies, and the study also focused on the VITEK2/AST-P592 system, and 16S rDNA (PCR). Results: The infection rate was 7 (63.6%) in females and 4 (36.4%) in males. Furthermore, the results of immunological evaluation for antibodies to Helicobacter pylori in 11 serum samples from patients diagnosed with Streptococcus sobrinus infection showed that males were more susceptible to double bacterial infection (75%), while the double infection rate in females was 71.4%. Novelty: Streptococcus sobrinus bacteria were first isolated and identified in Mosul, Iraq and identified as a new strain, HAA5, registered with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
LITERATURE REVIEW: PATIENT ANXIETY ABOUT ORAL SURGERY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Full text linkObjective: This study aimed to comprehensively review the scientific literature on patient anxiety related to oral surgery, identify contributing factors, and examine its implications for clinical practice. Method: A narrative literature review was conducted by analyzing peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2024, retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Results: The findings indicate that key factors contributing to patient anxiety include previous negative dental experiences, fear of pain, and inadequate understanding of surgical procedures. Poorly managed anxiety was consistently associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications and reduced patient compliance with postoperative instructions. Effective anxiety management strategies include preoperative education, effective communication, relaxation techniques, pharmacological sedation, and the use of emerging technologies such as virtual reality. Novelty: This review emphasizes the importance of systematic anxiety screening and the application of appropriate management strategies in oral surgery practice, providing new insights into specific interventions like virtual reality to reduce anxiety
THE EFFECT OF ANETHUM GRAVEOLENS SEEDS ADMINISTRATION ON THE CONCENTRATIONS OF SOME HORMONES AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE OVARIES, UTERUS, AND LACTATIONAL SYSTEM DURING ESTRUS AND PREGNANCY STAGES IN ARABI EWES
Full text linkObjective: This study aimed to assess the reproductive performance of Arabi ewes by examining the effects of administering Anethum graveolens seeds (dill seeds) on hormonal profiles (estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin) and histological changes in ovarian, uterine, and mammary tissues during estrus and pregnancy. Methods: Sixteen Arabi ewes (aged 1.5–2 years; weighing 45–53 kg) were randomly divided into four groups: T1 (5 g dill seeds/day orally for 25 days), T2 (10 g dill seeds/day orally for 25 days and again one month postpartum), T3 (intravaginal sponges with Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) for 14 days followed by PMSG injection), and T4 (control group with no treatment). Hormone levels were measured monthly via blood serum, and histological analyses of ovaries, uterus, and mammary glands were performed. Results: Administration of dill seeds significantly influenced hormone concentrations. Estrogen levels increased notably in T2 across pregnancy stages (p<0.05, p<0.01). Progesterone levels also significantly rose in T2 during early pregnancy months (p<0.01). Additionally, prolactin concentrations were significantly elevated in T2 throughout pregnancy and postpartum periods (p<0.01). Histological examinations showed no pathological changes in the uterine tissues. Novelty: Anethum graveolens seeds supported corpus luteum function, promoted increased progesterone and prolactin secretion, and mildly stimulated mammary gland development. Dill seeds could therefore be considered beneficial in enhancing milk production in Arabi ewes
EFFECTS OF GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE) EXTRACT ON MALE SEXUAL MATURATION, HORMONAL PROFILE, REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN WEIGHTS, AND SPERM PARAMETERS IN PREPUBERTAL MICE
Full text linkObjective: To investigate the impact of graded doses of ginger extract on male sexual maturation, focusing on hormonal profiles, reproductive organ weights, and sperm characteristics in prepubertal mice. Method: Male mice (21–28 days old) were randomly assigned to four groups receiving 0 (control), 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg ginger extract orally for 28 days. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL) were measured, and reproductive organ weights and sperm parameters were evaluated. Results: Ginger supplementation significantly increased testosterone, LH, and PRL in a dose dependent manner. Reproductive organ weights (testes, epididymis, prostate) and sperm quality indices (count, motility, viability) also improved significantly in treated groups compared with controls. Novelty: Ginger extract significantly enhances male reproductive development and function in mice, likely through endocrine stimulation and improved sperm physiology, supporting its potential use as a natural reproductive enhance
DIRECT EFFECT OF COMORBID MENTAL DISORDERS ON THE CLINICAL COURSE OF ALCOHOLISM
Full text linkObjective: This study focuses on the growing concern of mental disorders combined with alcohol addiction, highlighting the need for medical examination by both narcology and psychiatry specialists. The objective is to explore the challenges related to the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of this comorbid condition. Methods: A comprehensive review of existing research and clinical practices was conducted, with an emphasis on the collaboration between narcologists and psychiatrists in managing patients with this dual diagnosis. Various case studies and treatment protocols were analyzed to understand the multidisciplinary approach required for effective care. Results: The study reveals significant complexities in treating individuals with both mental disorders and alcohol addiction. The findings suggest that integrated care from both narcology and psychiatry specialists leads to better patient outcomes. However, challenges remain in providing effective prevention and rehabilitation strategies due to the multifaceted nature of the disorder. Novelty: This research introduces a novel perspective on the importance of a dual-specialist approach to managing comorbid mental health and alcohol addiction issues. It emphasizes the need for a more unified and collaborative treatment framework that can address the intertwined nature of these conditions
FIRST REPORT OF DRAFT GENOME SEQUENCING FOR LIGILACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS SUAM7 FROM ORAL DISEASE PATIENTS IN IRAQ
Full text linkObjective: The purpose of the present study is to examine the genomic composition of Ligilactobacillus salivarius SuAm7, emphasizing both its possible clinical significance and its function in oral health. Method: Gram-staining, 16S rRNA PCR and Whole-genome sequencing were used to identify and cultivate the saliva sample. Whole-genome sequencing with Illumina technology was done, followed by analysing the genome’s features and figuring out where it fits in the picture of evolution. Results: SuAm7’s genome was 1.84 Mb in total, smaller than most related species and it shared a lot of similarities with L. salivarius subsp. salicinius DSM 20554. Functional annotations indicate that genes for secondary metabolism, nitrogen usage, movement and chemotaxis were missing which suggests the mouth cavity is a place where the bacteria need to be specially adapted. The way the bacterium is classified was confirmed by genetic tests including ANI analysis and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization. Novelty: This article reports on the draught genome of Ligilactobacillus salivarius SuAm7, an oral bacterium from someone who was healthy in Iraq. The findings emphasise the value of L. salivarius SuAm7 in the oral microbiota and describe its genetic and how it functions. The study shows what types of bacteria are present in Iraqi people’s mouths and indicates that L. salivarius might be useful in fighting bad breath
COMPARATIVE ESTIMATE OF SOME TUMOR MARKERS IN FEMALES WITH COLON CANCER: A CLINICAL STUDY IN MOSUL CITY
Full text linkObjective: This study seeks to identify tumor parameters that help detect the different stages of malignant tumors. Method: Blood samples were gathered from 43 females undergoing colonoscopies in hospitals across Mosul, and 18 individuals who were healthy. After colectomy for cancer, the malignant tumor samples were divided into three groups depending on the tumor stages and tested using the ELISA method, with comparison control groups. Results: The ratios such as L/M and P/L showed meaningful differences between stages, which provides differences in the immune system response of patients. In early-stage cancer, markers like Septin-9, HIF-1α, and cf-DNA showed significant differences by tumor stage in women in identifying colon cancer progression. Novelty: The diagnosis and development of colon cancer can be understood with the help of VCAM-1, Septin-9, HIF-1α, and cf-DNA