UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
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Study of Reproductive Physiology of Male Fruit Bat Rousettus leschenaulti (Desmerest): A Conservation Effort of a Crucial Pollinator
Full text linkRousettus leschenaulti- a Indian fruit bat plays an important role in pollination due to its frugivorous habit. The conservation of this bat has a significant importance in the conservation and proliferation of flora of the geographical region. This study investigates the relationship between Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Serum Testosterone levels in male fruit bats (Rousettus leschenaulti). It\u27s important to understand this connection to grasp reproductive physiology in bats, which could also shed light on broader mammalian endocrinology. Analysis of blood samples from male bats was done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure LH and testosterone levels. Our statistical analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between LH and testosterone levels (r = 0.95, p < 0.05), suggesting that LH plays a vital role in regulating testosterone production in this species. This finding adds to our understanding of reproductive hormone dynamics in bats and highlights potential similarities with other mammals
Ultrasonic Mosquito Repellers as a Green Alternative to Chemical Protection: A Review
Full text linkMosquitoes are vectors of life-threatening diseases such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika, which pose a severe threat to global public health. With increasing global interest in environmentally safe and non-toxic mosquito control strategies, ultrasonic mosquito repellers are gaining attention as potential alternative. These energy efficient devices produce high frequency sound waves which irritate and repel mosquitoes. This review highlights the working mechanism of ultrasonic mosquito repellers and briefly compares them with conventional methods such as chemical insecticides, bed nets, and biological controls. Some scientific studies highlight the limited efficacy of these devices by stating that mosquitoes are largely unaffected by the designed higher sound frequencies. Despite this, they have very less environmental impact compared to other chemical repellents which always cause water contamination and harm other non-targeted species. In addition, the low energy footprint making these devices a good option for indoor and outdoor environment. In contrast, potential concerns include, this device probably negatively interfere with the species that rely on sound for communication and navigation. Apart from this, the wide spread use could contribute to the accumulation of electronic waste if the devices are discarded after limited use. This review critically examines the potential of ultrasonic repellers as eco-friendly mosquito repelling tool based on available scientific evidence
Illuminating the Future: Danio Rerio as Game Changing Model for Vision Restoration
Full text linkThe Danio-rerio model has emerged as a revolutionary tool in biomedical research, offering genetic similarity to humans, cost effective, rapid reproduction rates. With 70% of the human genes having the similarity with danio-rerio, this model has become as the instrumental in studying genetic disorders, drug discovery, disease modelling. This article talks about the advantages of this model compared to laboratory animals. This paper mainly focuses on the vision restoration by using this model. Blindness remains as the one of the most challenging medical conditions, with limited regenerative capacity in the human retina. However, danio-rerio possess a unique ability to regenerate the damaged retinal cells through the activation of the muller glial cells, offering a promising avenue for the vision restoration in the humans. This remarkable regenerative mechanism has fuelled cutting edge research aimed at developing novel therapies for retinal diseases such as macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. This paper explores the regenerative potential of danio-rerio in curing blindness, highlighting the molecular pathways that drive retinal repair. Additionally, this explores the how these insights are being translated into the ground breaking gene and stem cell therapies for human eye diseases. By harnessing the regenerative power of danio-rerio, we move closer to a future where blindness may no longer be irreversible
Study on Feed Management and Growth Performance of Magur (Clarias batrachus) Fry
Full text linkClarias batrachus, widely known as the Asian walking catfish, is a commercially valuable freshwater species in Asia. However, the success of such ventures depends largely on the application of proper culture and management practices. The present study evaluated different protein level on the growth performance of C. batrach us seed over a period of 21 days. Feed ingredients including fish meal, yeast, egg yolk, wheat bran and vitamin-mineral premix were formulated using pearson square method to produce three diets; Diet A (30% crude protein), Diet B (35% crude protein), and Diet C (40% crude protein). Fish seeds fed Diet A reported 25.4 mm length and 125.6 mg weight; seed fed Diet B reached 27.21 mm length and 137.7 mg weight: while Diet C displayed 34.66 mm length and 174.1 mg weight. Statistical analysis reported significant difference in growth performance among the three diets. The result suggested Diet C containing 40% crude protein had the most pronounced positive effect on seed growth and can be recommended for improved production outcomes
Habitat Specific Assessment of Butterflies from Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India
Full text linkButterflies serve as vital indicators of ecosystem health, and their diversity is crucial for maintaining ecological balance. The current study was conducted in the Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, from October 27 to 29, 2024, and recorded 70 butterfly species across six families, highlighting distinct microhabitat preferences among Lepidoptera. The findings revealed that the forest microhabitat harbour the highest species richness, with 53 recorded species. Result also showed that the riverside microhabitat was more diverse than streamside microhabitat. Notably, approximately 11% of the documented species are legally protected under the Wildlife Protection Act (1972) of India, emphasizing the ecological significance and conservation value of the reserve. Diversity indices, including Simpson\u27s index, Margalef\u27s index, and the Shannon-Wiener index, were used to calculate diversity. This study underscores the importance of microhabitat conservation for maintaining butterfly diversity, emphasizing the need for targeted protection efforts to preserve these ecosystems
Avifaunal Diversity and Species Richness in Dongargaon Lake District Bhandara, Maharashtra, India
Full text linkThe present study was conducted during a bird race held in Dongargaon Lake, district Bhandara, Maharashtra, India. Dongargaon Lake is located at 20°59\u270.20" Nx latitude and 79º49\u2722.18" E longitude. The purpose of this study was to analyze the avifauna of Lake. The investigation lasted twelve months, from October 2023 to September 2024. Because of the area\u27s geological and ecological complexity, research into the region\u27s bird variety has become essential. It is difficult to make this assessment since the lake is divided into multiple patches by the forest land that runs through it. The lake is surrounded by various villages and agricultural land, resulting in human intrusion and cattle grazing. In the current study, we identified 53 bird species over an extensive survey and accompanied volunteers during a wildlife department-organized census. The observed bird species are divided into 28 families and 10 orders. We recorded residential as well IUCN Red data status. Avifaunal variety has been classified into four groups according on their position in their regular migratory habitat residential: migratory winter travelers, internal migratory visitors, external migratory visitors, and external emigratory visitors. Thus our study more focus on conservation status and species recordance as nowadays anthropogenic activites are destructing the habitats of avifauna
Fecundity and Gonado-somatic Index of Sardinella gibbosa (Bleeker, 1847) of Kanyakumari, South-East Coast of India
Full text linkFecundity and gonado-somatic index of Sardinella gibbosa was estimated during January to December, 2019. Fecundity ranged from 4941 to 23465 with an average of 10343 eggs per fish. The correlation coefficient of fecundity and body parameters were found to be moderate with TL(r = 0.755), positively correlated with BW and GW (r = 0.900 and r = 0.966). In the case of male maturity size ranged between 12.8 cm and 16.3cm, with an average of 14.5 cm, but in the case of female it was between 12.7cm and 16.5 cm with an average of 14.6cm. Females dominated the commercial catches of the study area, with an annual male-female ratio 1:1.4 and it was significantly different. The spawning season was between April and August with peak during July
Abundance and Diversity of Floral Visitors on Jamun (Syzygium cumini L. Skeels)
Full text linkThe reproductive output in the form of seeds is dependent on pollinating species and the rate of effective pollination. In view of this fact the study on “Abundance and diversity of floral visitors on Jamun (Syzygium cumini L. Skeels) was carried out at Regional Horticultural Research and Extension Centre, College of Horticulture (RHREC); UHS sub campus, GKVK, Bengaluru-560 065. Totally thirty-one species of floral visitors were recorded on the wild and cultivated varieties of S. cumini, among them twelve were Hymenopterans (39%), six were Dipterans (19%), five were Lepidopterans (16%), seven were Coleopterans (23%) and one species belonged to Hemiptera (3%). Among the honey bees that visited the flowers, the per cent abundance of A. dorsata was highest followed by A. florea, A. cerana and T. iridipennis and they constituted 69.00 to 72.39 per cent of floral visitors. The per cent composition of ants that visited the flowers was highest, followed by Dipterans, Lepidopterans and Coleopterans and they together constituted 27.00 to 31.00 per cent. The diversity (H) of floral visitors varied throughout the day during 100 per cent flowering stage on all the wild and cultivated varieties of S. cumini. The peakactivity of honeybees, including other floral visitors was observed during morning hours on all wild and cultivated varieties of S. cumini. Among the floral visitors, the dominance (d) and diversity of honey bees was comparatively highest
Ecological Status and Fish Diversity in the MahendratanayaRiver Srikakulam-Andhra Pradesh-India
Full text linkMahendatanaya is the link river between the two states Andhra Pradesh and Odessa. It is origin from Rayagada hills (Eastern Ghats) and travel through Odessa to Andhra Pradesh, finally join with the Bay of Bengal at Baruvakotturu in Srikakulam. It is not only agricultural resource but also one of the high biodiversity spots in the Srikakulam Wetlands. I studied biodiversity of Mahendratanaya River by the survey method use of fish boats and fish gears along with fisher men and local people. I was collected the different water samples from the different areas and send to laboratory for indention to the values of ph, turbidity, Nitrates and Oxygen levels. Different Ichthyofauna was collected from the 34 sites with the help of fishermen by the use of the boats, fish gears, Fish traps and nets, the catching fishes are preserve in the bamboo traps and ice boxes and identified by IUCN the study time between 2023-2024. In the 30 water samples collected and set to the laboratory identifying for water elements. I was identified 10 orders, 19 families, 38 genus, 58 species of the total collected fishes count more or less 4300, fish conservation, anthropogenic and biodiversity of Ichthyofauna in the MahendratanayaRiver. I calculated the Environmental Tolerance Index (ETI) of the 10 species from the 9 sites of the river and beta diversity.
Diagram1. Sample collection from MahendratanayaRiverat the four sites(site.1,2,3,4,
Effect of Geinstein on Regulation of Estrous Cycle in Albino Rats, Isolated from Flemingia vestita, an Ethnomedicinally Important Plant of Meghalaya, India
Full text linkFlemingia vestita is a flowering plant belonging to the family of Fabaceae which is usually found in the Indian region including Khasi and Jaintia Hills of Meghalaya, India. It is cultivated for therapeutic use for its anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-helmintic, anticancer, anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-histamine activities. The present study is to ascertain the phytochemical analysis of the root-tuber extract and modulating the effect of the Estrous Cycle in albino mice using Geinstein. The phytoestrogens present in the extract are iso-flavones and genistein which have a wide spectrum of biological activities including estrogenic effect. The number of leucocytes during the Meta-estrous at 0.1 ml/10 gm dose/body weight was maximum at ethanol extract while at 0.3 ml/10 gm dose/body weight was similar and maximum in both ethanol and methanol extract. Comparative cell number of interstitial connective tissues was maximum in ethanol followed by methanol and acetone extract. The present study concluded that the extract has a potential to modulate the estrogenic cycle in albino rats