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Coping strategies and resource utilisation in stressful interactions in the elementary educational field
No full textDa der Beruf der Elementarpädagog:innen zunehmend als belastet eingestuft wird, hat sich diese Arbeit zum Ziel gesetzt, Interaktionen im elementarpädagogischen Feld zu beleuchten und deren Belastungen zu identifizieren. Dabei wurden insbesondere Interaktionen mit Kindern, Interaktionen mit Eltern sowie Interaktionen im Team untersucht. Anhand einer Stichprobe von zehn Elementarpädagoginnen aus Graz und Graz-Umgebung (Steiermark, Österreich), die mittels problemzentrierter Interviews befragt wurden, konnten zentrale Erkenntnisse gewonnen werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Fachkräfte aufgrund des steigenden Anforderungsprofils und der wachsenden Herausforderungen in der pädagogischen Beziehungsarbeit mit einer Vielzahl an Belastungen konfrontiert sind. Die Studie zeigt nicht nur auf, welchen Belastungsfeldern Elementarpädagog:innen ausgesetzt sind, sondern auch die Copingstrategien, die während oder nach herausfordernden Situationen angewendet werden. Darüber hinaus liefert die Untersuchung Erkenntnisse darüber, welche Rahmenbedingungen sich als hilfreich erwie-sen haben oder erforderlich wären, um qualitativ hochwertige Bildungsarbeit sicherzustellen und zugleich die Gesundheit der Fachkräfte zu schützen.In light of the growing perception of mounting pressure within the elementary education profession, this qualitative research study was conducted with the objective of illuminat-ing the prevailing interactions within the elementary education field and identifying the associated strains. The interactions that were analysed included those with children, parents and within the team. A sample of ten elementary teachers from Graz and the surrounding area of Graz (Styria, Austria) was interviewed using problem-centred inter-views. This method yielded key findings. The results indicate that specialists encounter a range of stresses arising from an expanding requirements profile and mounting chal-lenges in pedagogical relationship work. The study not only identifies the areas of stress to which elementary educators are exposed, but also explores the coping strategies they utilise during or following challenging situations. Furthermore, the study provides insights into which framework conditions have proven to be beneficial or would be nec-essary to ensure high-quality educational work and, concomitantly, to protect the health of professionals.(Translated with DeepL.com)Verena KerblMasterarbeit Universität Graz 2025Zusammenfassung auf Deutsch und Englisc
An empirical comparison of the interpretation of materiality in sustainability reports from ATX and DAX companies
No full textDas Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es abzuklären, ob ein Unterschied zwischen der Auffassung des Wesentlichkeitsbegriffs zwischen ATX und DAX Unternehmen besteht. Dazu wird die folgende Forschungsfrage gestellt: Unterscheidet sich die Auffassung des Wesentlichkeitsbegriffs zwischen ATX und DAX Unternehmen im Sinne davon, dass DAX Unternehmen häufiger die einfache als die doppelte Wesentlichkeit anwenden? Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten wurde ein empirischer Vergleich von fünf ATX und fünf DAX Unternehmen durchgeführt. Die Auswahl erfolgte im ersten Schritt Anhand der Marktkapitalisierung der ATX Unternehmen, dem wurde ein branchenähnliches DAX Unternehmen dagegengestellt. Hierbei erhält jeweils das ATX Unternehmen den Vorrang. Zunächst werden Unterschiede in ihrer wirtschaftlichen Größe, der Führungsebene, sowie der Beimessung der Nachhaltigkeit verglichen. Dafür wurden die Geschäftsberichte der ATX; sowie der DAX indexierten Unternehmen der Jahre 2021 bis 2023 herangezogen Im nächsten Schritt wurden die Wesentlichkeitsanalysen der Unternehmenspaare gegenübergestellt und verglichen. Im letzten Schritt wurde die Auffassung des Wesentlichkeitsbegriffs nach Deutung der Autorin dieser Arbeit verglichen. Der empirische Vergleich zeigt, dass die betrachteten ATX Unternehmen die doppelte Wesentlichkeit anwenden, die betrachteten DAX Unternehmen diese jedoch nicht durchgehend anwenden. Das bedeutet, dass die betrachteten ATX Unternehmen sowohl die inside-out, als auch die outside-in Perspektive abdecken, die betrachteten DAX Unternehmen jedoch nicht. Dies zeigt, dass die Umsetzung der neuen CSRD notwendig ist und die nicht Umsetzung umfassend geprüft, sowie mit Sanktionen geahndet werden sollte.The aim of this thesis is to clarify whether there is a difference in the understanding of the concept of materiality between ATX and DAX companies. The following research question is posed: Does the understanding of the concept of materiality differ between ATX and DAX companies in such a way that DAX companies more frequently apply single materiality compared to double materiality? To answer the research question, an empirical comparison of five ATX and five DAX companies was conducted. The selection was initially based on the market capitalization of the ATX companies, with a similar DAX company from the same industry chosen for comparison. Therefore, the ATX companies came first before the DAX companies. First, differences in their economic size, management level, and emphasis on sustainability were compared. Due to that, the company reports of the ATX companies and the DAX companies had been selected for the years 2021 to 2023. In the next step, the materiality analyses of the company pairs were compared and contrasted. Therefore, the author created a profile with the most common Key Performance Indicators for each of the shown companies. In the final step, the understanding of the concept of materiality was compared according to the author's interpretation. The empirical comparison shows that the examined ATX companies apply double materiality, while the examined DAX companies do not consistently apply it. That means that the shown ATX companies use the inside-out perspective on the one hand and the outside-in perspective on the other hand, whereas not all shown DAX companies use both perspectives. This indicates that the implementation of the new CSRD is necessary and that non-implementation should be thoroughly examined and sanctioned.Verena Feichtinger, B.Sc.Enthält Literaturverzeichnis auf Seite 64-70Masterarbeit Universität Graz 202
An analysis of complex mobility patterns across sociodemographic features
No full textAlltägliches Mobilitätsverhalten ist nicht nur in Diskussionen rund um den Klimawandel relevant, sondern zeigt sich auch in anderen Auswirkungen auf die Gesellschaft. Ein Beispiel dafür sind Unterschiede in alltäglichen Mobilitätsmustern von Männern und Frauen, die auch die Unterschiedlichkeiten in täglichen Aufgaben von Männern und Frauen in sozialen Strukturen aufzeigen. Frauen tendieren immer noch mehr dazu als Männer Aufgaben zu übernehmen, die mit der Pflege und Betreuung von weiteren Personen verbunden sind. Unterschiedlichkeiten in Aufgaben die Betreuung betreffend sind auch noch sichtbar in industrialisierten Ländern, mit einem hohen Bildungsgrad, so auch in Europa. Mit einem Focus auf den EU-Staat Österreich, beschäftigt sich diese Arbeit mit den erwähnten Unterschieden in der täglichen Mobilität, durch Anwendung einer Daten-Analyse. Die Daten stammen aus einer bereits existierenden nationalen Umfrage, bei der etwa 38.000 Personen aus Österreich teilgenommen haben und Einblick geben in deren tägliche Mobilität. Mobilitätmuster die sich aus der Analyse der Daten ergeben werden auf Unterschiede zwischen den Geschlechtern, sowie Unterschiede im Mobilitätsmodus als auch hinsichtlich der wirtschaftlichen Situation ausgewertet. Im Weiteren wird eine Literaturrecherche in Anlehnung an die PRISMA Methode durchgeführt, hinsichtlich Literatur zum Thema der geschlechtsspezifischen Mobilitätsmuster. Diese soll dazu dienen die Resultate in einen breiteren Kontext einzubetten. Um die geschlechtsspezifischen Mobilitätsmuster zu visualisieren, wird die Komplexität der täglichen Wege quantifiziert. Den Focus auf die Anzahl der Wege zwischen dem Verlassen des Heims und der Rückkehr nach Hause zu legen, zeigt das Frauen mehr komplexe Wegketten haben, die mit Betreuungspflichten verbunden sind, während Männer mehr komplexe Wegketten haben, die mit Aktivitäten zusammenhängen, die mit der Arbeit oder persönlichen Verpflichtungen einhergehen. Hinsichtlich der Mobilitätsmodi und der wirtschaftlichen Situation konnten keine starken Unterschiede zwischen Männern und Frauen festgestellt werden, wohingegen sich in der Literatur Hinweise auf Differenzen zwischen den Geschlechtern finden, so wie abnehmende Mobilitätsflexibilität bei Frauen mit niedrigem Einkommen. Diese Arbeit zeigt die Unterschiede in der Komplexität von täglichen Mobilitätsmustern in Frauen und Männern, die in Österreich leben, und gibt Einsicht über geschlechtsspezifische Verantwortungen und Rollen in einer modernen Gesellschaft.Daily mobility is not only an ongoing topic in general climate change discussions, but also has many other impacts on society. One example being the differences in daily mobility patterns of men and women, mirroring the disparities in gender regarding daily responsibilities and societal structures. Women still tend to take up more care related tasks then men, which causes differing daily mobility patterns. Disparities in care related work are also observed in industrialized and well-educated countries, including the region of Europe. Focusing on an EU-member state, Austria, this work examines these differences in daily mobility patterns, by employing data analysis. The data examined is an already existing nation-wide survey, in which about 38.000 people in Austria participated and have given insight about their daily travel. Travel patterns deducted from the survey are examined for differences regarding gender and further mobility mode and economic status. Additionally the PRISMA approach was used to examine already existing literature on gendered mobility and put the results of the data analysis into a broader context. An approach used to visualize differences in gendered mobility is quantifying the complexity of the trips that people undergo daily. Focusing on the number of trips between leaving and returning home shows that women have more complex travel chains which are mainly related to care related tasks, while men have more complex travel chains relating to work related responsibilities or activities tied to leisure and personal reasons. Regarding transportation mode choice and economic status no notable differences could be found in the existing data set, while literature suggests certain disparities, such as decreasing flexible mobility in women with low income situations. This work shows the differences in complexity of daily mobility patterns in women and men living in Austria, and gives insight in gendered responsibilities and roles in a modern society.Author: Milica SavanovicMasterarbeit Universität Graz 2025Zusammenfassungen auf Deutsch und Englisc
The Future of Education. Conference Proceedings / Measuring the Impact of Challenge-Based Learning in a Social Hackathon: Case Study Results from the Eco-Digithon
No full textEquipping students with sustainability competencies and digital collaboration skills is a critical requirement in 21st-century education. Challenge-Based Learning (CBL), grounded in experiential learning theory (Kolb, 1984), offers a promising pedagogical framework to prepare learners for real- world complexity through active engagement and problem-solving (Gallagher & Savage, 2020). The ENNEPlus Erasmus+ project (2024–2027) builds on this foundation by developing and implementing the Eco-Digithon: a digital, challenge-based hackathon model for Vocational Education and Training (VET). Participants are engaged in interdisciplinary teams to co-develop digital solutions addressing community-specific environmental challenges aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In its first edition (2024-2025), the Eco-Digithon involved 28 VET institutions, from them involved students and educators across Austria, Italy, Spain, and Portugal. The initiative included the co- creation of #10 CBL scenarios and a ENNEPlus Methodological Toolkit for implementation in local and transnational learning contexts. The project also fostered collaboration and knowledge exchange through a dedicated Community of Practice Platform - CoP. To evaluate the impact of this initiative, a mixed-methods case study design was employed (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2018), integrating pre- and post-event surveys, teacher reflections, and student interviews. The ENNEPlus team also developed ten CBL scenarios and a methodological toolkit, used across all sites to ensure instructional consistency. A qualitative content analysis approach (Mayring, 2014) was employed to explore participant experiences, pedagogical processes, and institutional dynamics in depth. his contribution will present the research design, theoretical framework, and key methodological components of the ENNEPlus case study. I will also represent and discuss selected empirical findings— focusing on how participation in structured challenge-based learning experiences supports the development of sustainability competencies and digital collaboration skills among VET learners. The study is situated within broader European education policy contexts, including the Digital Education Action Plan and the European Green Deal, and contributes to ongoing discourse on inclusion, green transition, and innovation in VET systems.Version of recor
Diversità, Equità e Inclusione: Sfide e Opportunità per l’Informatica Umanistica nell’Era dell’Intelligenza Artificiale. Proceedings del XIV Convegno Annuale AIUCD2025 / Rebora, Simone ; Rospocher, Marco ; Bazzaco, Stefano / From Documents to Data: Digital Technologies in the Study of Notarial Charters
No full textOur contribution presents an ongoing research effort that investigates late medieval notarial charters using advanced computational methods. Drawing from the Monasterium.net1 archive, we build a curated corpus of 14th–15th-century documents, primarily from Southern Italy, Austria, and Germany. We aim to identify and analyze notarial practices and documentary typologies through text mining, information extraction, and network analysis. A custom annotation scheme is being developed to deploy machine learning and rule-based models tailored to the historical and linguistic complexity of the sources. By extracting named entities and relationships and visualizing them, we explore the social networks and documentary formulas embedded in the charters. The work contributes to the development of digital diplomatics and supports the evolution of Monasterium.net as a platform for computational cultural heritage research.Version of recor
Balkanistic Forum / The Schizophrenic Face of War
No full textMy contribution deals with the question of how the First World War affected the mental health of Croatian, Bosnian, and Serbian soldiers who served in the Austro-Hungarian armies and who were sent during or shortly after the war to the Hospital for the Insane in Stenjevec (close to Zagreb, Croatia-Slavonia). In that time, military men who were admitted to Stenjevec were predominantly given diagnoses such as dementia praecox, catatonia, or amentia. This is astonishing indeed, as in other societies at that time, such as in Germany, France, or Britain, the massive breakdown of soldiers during World War One generated the then heatedly debated diagnoses such as shell-shock or war neurosis. What were the reasons for the absence of war related diagnoses such as war neurosis in the Stenjevec psychiatric files? Did different theatres of war produce different diagnoses, and as such, different psychological reactions to war? Did the Croatian, Bosnian, or Serbian soldier, as opposed to the German or British one, simply not suffer mentally from the horrors of the First World War? Or did psychiatric practices of diagnosing soldiers during and after 1914–18 generate different diagnostic labels for potentially the same symptoms? To answer these questions, I am presenting an analysis of selected soldiers’ patient files as well as of the psychiatric discourse of the main Croatian and Serbian medical journals in the respective period. Analysing the psychiatric language that was used to describe a mentally distressed state of a (former) soldier, I argue that during and after the First World War, the diagnoses of schizophrenia, amentia, catatonia, or mania – then the most widely used psychiatric concepts in Croatia and Serbia, later Yugoslavia – were in fact placeholders for soldiers’ mental suffering from war
Covid-19 and Right-wing Vote Share: Evidence from the European Elections in Austria, Italy, and Sweden
No full textUsing municipal data from Austria (n=2115), Italy (n=7894), and Sweden (n=290), we examine how Covid-19 shaped right-wing vote shares in the 2024 European elections versus 2019. We model the 2024–2019 vote-share differences using spatial regressions controlling for socio-demographic characteristics in three contrasting cases. Austria’s Freedom Party (FP¨O) and the Italy’s Lega and Fratelli d’Italia (FdI) opposed a large number of pandemic measures as being excessive. In contrast, Sweden Democrats opposed their government’s lax response, demanding stricter measures. In Austria and Italy, right-wing vote-share gains are negatively correlated with vaccination rates and positively with post-pandemic unemployment. Furthermore, high excess mortality predicts poorer Italian right-wing performance, with mixed effects in Austria. In contrast, Swedish right-wing support is negatively linked to unemployment, with no significant impact of vaccination rates or excess mortality. These results suggest that the electoral rewards for opposing government crisis policies depend on the national context and party strategy.
JEL Codes: D72, H12, I18Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung 10.55776/P35228Version of recor
apropos / Der utopische Raum zwischen Virtualität und Präsenz im 19. Jahrhundert am Beispiel von Étienne Cabets Voyage en Icarie (1840)
No full textLiterarische Utopien, wie Étienne Cabets Voyage en Icarie, basieren auf virtuellen Raumbeschreibungen und kreieren nichtexistierende, ideale Welten. Dabei werden verschiedene Darstellungsformen wie Raumskizzen und schein-geographische Karten genutzt, um die räumliche Ordnung einer utopischen Gesellschaft zu vermitteln. Die literarische Utopie ist ein wesentliches Mittel, um gesellschaftliche Visionen zu veranschaulichen und zu verbreiten. Ihre Beschreibungen dienen nicht nur als Selbstzweck, sondern symbolisieren soziale Gegebenheiten und verorten durch die Raumbeschreibung den Platz des Individuums in der Gesellschaft. Seit Anbeginn utopischen Denkens steht immer auch die Frage nach ihrer Realisierbarkeit zur Debatte. Cabets Voyage en Icarie zeigt eindrucksvoll, dass Utopien auch außerhalb des literarischen Systems den realen Raum verändern können. Tatsächlich diente das Werk als Grundlage für die Schaffung eines realen Ikariens, indem das Konzept des virtuellen Möglichkeitsdenkens in den faktualen Raum zu übertragen versucht wurde.Literary utopias create virtual depictions of non-existent spaces to illustrate ideal worlds. Various forms of representation, such as spatial sketches and geographical maps, are used to convey the spatial order of a utopian society. The literary utopia is thus an essential means of illustrating and disseminating social visions. These descriptions not only serve as an end in themselves, but also symbolize social conditions and locate society. Ever since utopian thinking began, the question of whether it could be realised arose. Étienne Cabet’s Voyage en Icarie impressively demonstrates that utopias not only develop meaning within the literary system, but can also change real space. In fact, the work served as the basis for the creation of a real Icaria by transferring the concept of virtual possibility thinking into space.Version of recor
Advances in Geodesy and Geoinformation / Delineation of debris-covered glaciers with multi-temporal UAV images (Gössnitzkees, Schober Group /Austria)
No full textThe relative share of debris-covered glaciers strongly increased in recent decades due to climate change and amplified rock production, but despite their relevance as climate indicators, accurate demarcation of respective glaciers is challenging. Remote sensing is an important tool for glacier mapping, but most existing studies apply medium resolution sensors, which are not suitable for small, rock covered glaciers, or use semi-automatic approaches. We present a simple methodology to automatically derive debris-covered glacier areas by using multitemporal, high resolution UAV images. Thereby, standard products, such as elevation differences calculated from digital surface models and displacement rasters, combined with statistical or error thresholds, provide the basis to automatically delineate glacier areas. The comparison of the automatically derived debris-covered glacier area to the geodetically determined glacier snout showed lowest errors for the elevation-based method using yearly data (total error of 0.32 m or 8.6% of the yearly glacier retreat) and higher errors for four-year intervals (0.97 m, 34% of the yearly glacier retreat) or displacement-based methods (0.51 m, 13.6% of the yearly glacier retreat with yearly epochs). Visual evaluation also showed strong errors of the displacement-based method with many areas wrongly identified as debris-covered glacier area. We conclude that the elevation-based method allows for accurate delineation of debris-covered glaciers and pro-glacial areas, providing increased standardization of glacier monitoring using remote sensing.Version of recor
Discover Sustainability / Wood you believe it? Electric vehicles and engineered wood from an environmental perspective
No full textIn the transition to a circular bioeconomy, engineered wood products can help achieve environmental policy targets. Wood has been used as a raw material for various industries for centuries and the automotive industry could utilize wood as a structural component in vehicles. This study investigates the environmental performance of a battery compartment for electric vehicles that relies on engineered wood as a structural component. In a life cycle assessment, the wood hybrid battery compartment was compared to an industry standard over its whole life cycle with two differing end-of-life scenarios. The results indicate that the wood hybrid battery compartment creates substantially less impact over its whole life cycle. The biggest potential for impact savings is identified in the resource extraction- and production phase. In the use phase, the lightweight battery compartment also generates less environmental impact since the use of engineered wood leads to a more lightweight vehicle overall. A material reutilization of engineered wood components in the end-of-life phase further reduces the environmental impact of the wood hybrid battery compartment. The results of this study indicate that the manufacturing of wood engineered structural components for electric vehicles is beneficial from an environmental perspective.Version of recor