Journal of Economics and Trade
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LOGISTICS SUPPORT FOR AGRO PRODUCTS IN BANGLADESH; SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT FOR CAPTURING MARKET BY ENSURING BALANCED DISTRIBUTION
No full textThe primary purpose of this study is to analyze the overall logistics support for agro products in context of supply chain management in Bangladesh. The future economic prosperity of Bangladesh depends largely on the prosperity of agriculture. And the success of agriculture depends on ensuring proper supply of agricultural products to the appropriate market. The study found that about 75% of the population of Bangladesh is engaged in agriculture as their source of income. Agro business, supply chain management (SCM) means reach agro products to the market in time. This research is used secondary method for analyzing data and information. The author critically reviewed the supply chain management system of PRAN Agro Business Limited which is the largest agro products producer in Bangladesh. The result reveals from the study that the agro products marketing in Bangladesh scrappy supply chain system, lack of transportation facilities, higher transaction cost, multiple market intermediaries, lack of awareness and several other socio-economic problems facing ago products supply chain management in Bangladesh. Effective supply chain management helps to secure better position in the competitive environment and improve the efficiency of the agribusiness organization. Therefore, current research suggests that marketing facilities should be improved for agricultural products, especially in rural areas
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE COSTS AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED TOP ECOWAS’ BANKS
No full textThe impact of business Intelligence costs on the performance of selected top ECOWAS’ banks that made Banker Magazine’s 2017 list of 1000 Global banks was investigated using descriptive-quantitative research approach and based on economic theoretical framework. Purposeful sampling technique was adopted based on availability of data. Data were extracted from sampled banks’ audited annual reports from 2012 to 2016. Six literature-backed hypotheses were developed and tested using OLS multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that: (i) computer hardware cost did not have significant effect on profitability; but, it had significant negative effects on value added and productivity of sampled banks; (ii) software cost had significant negative effect on profitability, and significant positive effects on value added and productivity of sampled banks; (iii) total equity had significant positive effects on profitability, value added, and productivity of sampled banks; (iv) bank age did not have significant effect on profitability; but, it had significant positive effects on value added and productivity of sampled banks; and (v) In cumulative terms, business intelligence cost had significant effect on profitability only; and it is negative. Practically, the study suggests that BI cost does not have significant positive effect on firms’ financial performance as it decreased profitability by circa 40%. Theoretically, the importance of economic model in BI studies has being highlighted. Far reaching recommendations have being proposed
EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON ETHIOPIAN BANKING INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE
No full textThe aim of the study was to examine the effect of leadership styles on organizational performance with specific reference to Commercial banks operate in Jimma Town. To achieve the objectives the study causal type of research and panel design was used to examine the amount of effect that leadership style could exert on the bank’s performance. The primary data sources were leaders on different levels and their subordinate employees while; the secondary data sources were annual report of individual banks and from an audit financial report of National Bank of Ethiopia. Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire was adapted for collection of leadership styles representing questions. The descriptive and inferential analyses were conducted to analyze the collected data. Subsequently, the researcher employed Random Effect Model to investigate the extent of the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. The study results revealed that both transformational and transactional leadership have strong positive effect on the ROA. Thus, transformational that brings changes in working environment by inspiring and motivating employees for changes, creation, innovation, to go beyond from what they actually think they can; and transactional that reward employees and make recognition in exchange for the work they perform, giving close directions and guidance have positive and significant effect in promoting the performance of the bank. Based on the study results, the provided recommendation was that the leaders of banks should focus on playing a role model by taking first step of what they talk about and keep consistent in their action in the way that getting trust and loyalty from employees and in instilling confidence, commitment and vision in employees and the Stakeholders in the industry should consider taking banking in a non-traditional direction by placing more emphasis on understanding leadership style and its effects on improving results
HINDRANCES OF INTEREST FREE BANKING ADOPTION IN ETHIOPIAN BANKING INDUSTRY AND ITS CUSTOMER’S INTENTION TOWARDS USAGE AND SATISFACTION
No full textThis study is undertaken to identify the hindrances of Interest free banking adoption, usage and customer satisfaction in Ethiopian banking industry with specific reference to commercial banks. To achieve the aim of the study, the primary data were collected from managers of some selected commercial banks through un-structured interview as well as from customers by using convenience method through standard questionnaires. While secondary data were collected from documents of banks and Journals to triangulate with response obtained from primary data sources. The collected data were analyzed in descriptive and inferential analysis. The findings depicted as the Economic factors like unemployment and saving habits affecting the adoption of Interest free financial products and services by banks. Further, the obsoleting of technological environments, Inflexibility of government policies, Educational background of the customers and diverse cultures of the societies are the other factors that affecting adoption of financial products. In addition, the Interest free financial products and services are not properly used by the customers as the result of their low level of awareness, the perceived relative advantage, perceived compatibility and perceived complexity and perceived trust of existing banking system. Based on the result it is recommended as the banks should properly adopt the Interest free financial products and services with taking into account of the external factors. Further, the banks should participate on aggressive promotion to aware the customers about their Interest free products and services, the government should formulate policies and regulations that minimizing bureaucracy of adopting technology by banks
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PRICE DIFFERENTIALS AND PROFITABILITY OF PALM OIL MARKETING IN OSHIMILI NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
No full textThe main objective of the study focused on the price differential between the rural market at harvest season and the urban market after storage season. The second vital aim was to determine the profitability of palm oil after the storage season. Data were obtained with aid of structured questionnaires duly administered to respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the cost and return model. The purposive selection was adopted in the selection of 32 palm oil producers and marketers respectively. The study revealed that the mean age of 40 years and 37 years 6 months mostly engaged in palm oil production and marketing respectively. Males were mostly involved in palm oil production due to its tedious works nature while females were mostly engaged in its marketing. Both producers and marketers were illiterate with moderate household size with experience of 10 years and 11 years for palm oil producers and marketers respectively. The study observed that prices of palm oil were lower at a rural market during harvest season than after storage season. The difference in price/revenue was N6,250 accounted for 46.3% profit. The benefit-cost ratio was 1.32 signifies a profit of N0.32 for every N1 invested into the palm oil marketing business after storage season. A huge gap of profit between harvest and after storage season was established, revealing that marketers that store palm oil accrued more profit than palm oil producers. The study recommends palm oil producers should form themselves into co-operatives whereby enough of their resources could be pooled together to acquire a warehouse and possible vehicle to convey the product from rural market to warehouse for storage and later to urban market after storage season for sales resulting in more funds for the marketing business and reduction in transportation cost
ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL LEVEL OF FOOD TRADE IN THE ECOWAS REGION
No full textThe study assessed the potential level of food trade in the ECOWAS region. Data used for analysis were secondary in nature. The data, which were sourced from the data base of the Food and Agricultural Organization statistical database (FAOSTAT), covered a period of 43 years between 1970 and 2012. The study revealed that, between 1970 and 2012, food export by all the member countries represented 5.0% of the ECOWAS intra-regional trade. The study concluded that all countries of the region are yet to fully exploit their potentials in the trade of food commodities within the region. It was recommended that policy reforms that will promote intra-regional food trade such as the establishment of new bilateral trade agreements and the strengthening of the existing ones should be facilitated in all the ECOWAS member states
THE ECONOMIC, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND ECOTOURISM VALUES OF BAMBOO FORESTS IN ETHIOPIA
No full textEthiopia is known for its high bamboo resource potential in Africa. The country has two indigenous bamboo species namely the highland bamboo (Arundinaria alpine) and the monotypic genus lowland bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica). Bamboo is a multipurpose plant with significant economic and environmental benefits. Although the benefits of bamboo for communities in Ethiopia are diverse, the economic values at national scale, the biodiversity conservation and ecotourism values of bamboo have not been discussed in the past. Studying the different values of bamboo promotes human quality of life and national economic support though income generation. Similarly, bamboo is an important plant in enhancing biodiversity conservation and promoting ecotourism despite it has been neglected by research and development programs in the country due to the less economic benefit obtained from the forest. Hence, this study was made to review the economic, biodiversity conservation and ecotourism values of bamboo forest in Ethiopia. These issues were addressed through exploration of different studies conducted on bamboo and by referring various journals. The study revealed that bamboo provides various benefits in Ethiopia. It enabled to obtain 23-30 Million USD annually which was 0.02% of the country’s GDP during 2010-2014 G.C. Similarly, it contributes for employment opportunities, furniture and industrial materials production, construction and home use purposes, food for humans and animals, etc. Bamboo also provides biodiversity conservation and ecotourism benefits. It facilitates biodiversity conservation through protection of forest, wildlife conservation and supporting micro-organisms. While the role of bamboo in the construction of cultural houses and production of different cultural materials contributes for ecotourism development in different parts of Ethiopia. However, challenges like fire, deforestation, agriculture and related land conversion and inadequate awareness are affecting the economic, biodiversity conservation and ecotourism values of bamboo in Ethiopia
RESPONSIVENESS OF THE GROWTH OF THE NIGERIA ECONOMY TO THE REVENUE PROFILE OF THE GOVERNMENT
No full textThis study was set out to evaluate the impact of government revenue on the growth of the Nigerian economy. Using time-series data covering the period 1981 to 2018 and adopting the ARDL framework, the study tested for both short-run and long-run relationship including adjustment profile. It was found that economic growth is a positive and significant function of oil revenue in Nigeria within the studied period. Nonoil revenue was found to positively but non-significantly affect the growth of the Nigerian economy. A long run cointegrating relationship was found amongst the studied variables with the error correction model showing an 11% adjustment speed from short-run disequilibrium to long run equilibrium. Based on the finding, it is recommended that government should diversify the economy to allow for enhanced revenue and growth
POACEA FAMILY CROPS: REVIEW
No full textThe poacea family is one of the most large families in the plant of Monocotyledon, one of the floral plants. There are about 600 species in this family and about 10,000 genus, including the most important crops such as wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats and millet. This family contains a lot of forage crops and grass plants
THE CONTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICES TO THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF KIGALI CITY: A CASE STUDY OF RWANDA FEDERATION TRANSPORT COOPERATIVE (RFTC)
No full textThe study was to establish the contribution of public transport services to the development of Kigali city. Glossily, the transport sector plays an important role in the economic development of a country, the transport network drives other sectors such as agriculture, trade or business sector and all other service sector. Though research transport services has been found to create employment, income, revenue, increase tax and infrastructure development as well as improve wellbeing of the people. The problem was that transport services does not offer the expected services and benefits in Kigali city and its economic contribution is not recognized by the local community. The specific objectives included to find out transport services contribution to economic development, to find out the factors that limit the contribution and the solution to the problems. Pearson correlations test indicates a positive and very high relationship between variables of this study. The researcher concluded that transport is an important element of economic development and several factors influence transport which also affects economic development. It was recommended that RFTC should bring modern busses for better transport and satisfaction of passengers. RFTC should also train drivers and conductors to improve professionalism service to passengers