Journal of Economics and Trade
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SAVINGS AND CONSTRAINTS AMONG RURAL FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
No full textThe main objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of savings on agricultural development. Data were obtained with the aid of structured questionnaires. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis models. Multi-stage sampling methods were adopted in a random selection of 312 respondents. Most respondents were married with a moderate family size of 10 persons with illiterate male-headed households that were mostly aged (46 years). Most respondents had 19 years of farming experience mostly engaging in crop production with a low annual income of N69,798 (0.503 per day less than the $1per day poverty line index. Education of children was the main objective of savings but inadequate funds to save was a major constraint. Most respondents experienced low agricultural output which retard agricultural development. Regression analysis results revealed that household size affects savings negatively while annual income, the sum of borrowed money and interest rate affect saving positively. The study recommends that credits should be made available in form of soft loans and respondents should be encouraged to save towards farm investment that will generate income
DETERMINANTS OF TRADE INTENSIFICATION WITH FILLS GAP OF GENDER-SPECIFIC INDICATORS IN ECOWAS COUNTRIES
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to study the determinants of trade openness in ECOWAS countries and fills the gap of gender-specific indicators. The sample is composed of the 15 ECOWAS countries and covers the period from 2004 to 2018. For this purpose, we used three panel data estimation techniques, such as pooled regression, fixed effects model and Generalized Moment Method (GMM). The results of this study reveal that among the significant variables for all three techniques used, FDI represent the variable that positively influences trade openness of ECOWAS countries while variables such as population growth rate and GDP per capita negatively influence the degree of trade openness. Variables such as GDP per capita, population growth rate, labor force participation rate, political stability index, cost of starting a business, and population density were used as determinants for determinants of trade openness estimation. Result discovered that identification of policies to promote FDI and the implementation of measures to increase production is essential to cover the consumption needs of the population of ECOWAS countries. In addition, it would be beneficial for these countries to put in place an export policy for manufactured products other than primary materials in order to promote the expansion of intra-ECOWAS trade
CRYPTOCURRENCY AS A MEANS OF PAYMENT: A REVIEW
No full textCryptocurrencies are a new technology that has given impetus to the modernization of the entire economy. Already, a huge number of people use cryptocoins for payment, participate in their production and earn on market volatility.To date, cryptocurrencies are at the stage of formation and improved versions are released annually, which try to eliminate the shortcomings in the technology. But it is already obvious to many experts that cryptocurrencies are the money of the future with great potential for development
EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INNOVATION ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
No full textThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial innovation in Tertiary Institutions on poverty alleviation amongst selected universities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Entrepreneurial innovation can be used as a pivotal measure at reducing rapid increase in graduate unemployment in the country which is therefore imperative. it seeks to promote and encourage universities graduates through the development of a broad private sector within the manufacturing and service industries which are geared towards improving competitiveness of small and medium scale enterprises and also supporting the growth of new enterprises. The study applied a mixed-method approach which administered 344 copies of questionnaire and 20 in-depth interview. Using SPSS and thematic analysis with the help of Nvivo2.0 for qualitative data, multiple regression and correlation analysis were used to analyze the quantitative data. The study found R Square of 0.686 with an Adjusted R values of 0.681, revealing a significant relationship between entrepreneurial innovation and poverty alleviation. The qualitative results were also in tandem as it showed entrepreneurial development to be strongly associated with job creation. Based on the findings, the study concluded that there is a positive relationship between entrepreneurial innovation and poverty alleviation. The study thus, recommended that universities should encourage entrepreneurial innovation as it contributes to poverty alleviation when it creates employment. It also increases social wealth by creating new markets, industries, innovations, jobs and increases in real productivity which culminates in higher standards of living for Nigerian graduates
FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE PAYMENT SYSTEM AMONG MILLENNIALS AND GENERATION X IN MALAYSIA
No full textThis study investigates factors affecting the adoption of mobile payment systems among Millennials and Generation X in Malaysia by applying the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The online questionnaire was conducted to collect data from 103 respondents. By using the regression analysis, the findings show that effort expectation and social influence are significant to adopting a mobile payment system among Millennials and Generation X in Malaysia. In contrast, performance expectations, perceived risk, and perceived cost are insignificant. The study has improved the understanding of Millennial and Generation X’s perception on mobile payment systems in Malaysia. Some recommendation to enhance the usage of mobile payment system among the Millennials and Generation X in Malaysia is provided at the end of the study
EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF CREATIVE USE OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY IN IRAN
No full textNowadays, the use of creative ideas in companies\u27 business intelligence systems is significant and leads to improving their performance. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the creative use of business intelligence systems on the performance of the Electricity industry in Iran. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, and the data collection was done in 2022. Data analysis was done using the structural equation model of the data. The data shows that creative ideas affect the business intelligence of the electricity industry with a probability of 99%. Also, sales marketing, internal operations management, and procurement affect the performance of the electricity industry with a probability of 99%. The results show that creative ideas for business intelligence systems lead to improved performance in the electricity industry
MODERATING EFFECT OF BOARD INDEPENDENCE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND PROFITABILITY OF LISTED INDUSRIAL GOODS COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
No full textOwing to inconclusive results on the relationship between capital structure and profitability world over, there is need to take into consideration a moderating variable to strengthen the relationship. This study therefore, introduces board independence as moderator to examine its effect on the relationship between capital structure and profitability of listed industrial goods companies in Nigeria for the period 2006-2018. The population of the study comprises of all the twenty one (21) listed industrial goods companies in Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) as at December, 2018. Out of which ten (10) companies constitute the sample of the study. The study utilized documented data collected from annual reports and accounts of the sampled companies, data was first analysed by means of descriptive statistics to provide summary statistics for the variables subsequently, correlation analysis was carried out using Pearson correlation technique for the correlation between the dependent and independent variables and OLS regression technique was employed. The results revealed that capital structure proxy by debt to equity ratio has a significant positive impact on profitability while board independence provides negative and significant effect on the relationship between capital structure and profitability of listed industrial goods companies in Nigeria. Based on these findings the study recommends that policy makers as well as the management of industrial goods companies should identify the optimal capital structure as well as complying with the code of corporate governance in ensuring perfect mixture of board independence as some of the companies are not abiding by the 50% mixture between the executive and non-executive directors in the board
A STOCK PRICE CRASH RISK EXPERIENCE AND ITS EFFECTIVE FACTORS IN COMPANIES LISTED IN THE TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE
No full textMispricing of assets usually leads to a stock price crash. Therefore, identifying the effective factors of mispricing can facilitate the forecast of this phenomenon and help agents to predict future stock return more accurately and diagnose the price bubble in their portfolio at the right time. In this way, they maintain low-risk stocks and reduce stock price crash risk. This study aims to study the experience of stock price crash risk in companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2009-2020. For this purpose, the generalized method of moments (GMM) is used. Monthly data are used for the research. The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between stock price volatilities, stock price crash risk, and future stock return
FINANCIAL DEEPENING AND SELECTED NON-OIL SECTORS GROWTH IN NIGERIA: ARDL ANALYSIS AND VECM
No full textThis paper explores the causal impact of financial deepening over the period 1993Q1–2020Q4 on the contribution of the Wholesale and Retail, Service and Construction sectors to economic growth in Nigeria, using a co-integration research method of Auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL). Managed for possible effects in these non-oil sectors of crude oil prices and openness to trade, the study identified statistically significant financial deepening to drive long-term and short-term economic growth across the three non-oil sectors. Overall, the results stress Nigeria\u27s financial intermediary system in terms of mobilizing and allocating capital as well as stimulating private sector economic activities in non-oil sectors. Therefore, the establishment of intermediation in the financial sector may be the right strategy for raising the domination of the Nigerian oil industry
TARIFF RATE PASS-THROUGH: BUYER POWER AND PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION EFFECTS
No full textA key tenet of economic theory is that the economic actor who pays the tax is not necessarily the same as the actor who bears the burden of a tax. Tariffs, like any tax, result in higher domestic prices. The question is whether tariffs completely pass through to domestic prices, or whether foreign producers will bear part of the burden. This study seeks to shed light on this issue by assessing how tariff rate pass-throughs vary with product differentiation and buyer market concentration. The study covers selected manufacturing sectors from 1996 to 2015, a period when tariff rates were declining. We find that tariffs pass through incompletely to import prices in more differentiated domestic product-markets. We also find tariffs incompletely pass through in more concentrated product markets, but tariffs will completely pass through in more commodity-oriented product-markets, as buyer market concentration increases.