International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
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Critical Analysis on Effect of Micronutrients on Flowering Plants: A Review
No full textWe have explored the effect of various micronutrients to plant growth and some of the problems due to their deficiencies. The various treatments of micronutrients to plants gives yield at different proportion. This thorough analysis explores how micronutrients affects the flowering of crops, concentrating on how they affect fruit set, flowering, and general plant health. Micronutrients are necessary for many physiological processes, such as hormone regulation, photosynthesis, enzyme activation. Plant growth may be negatively impacted by their excess or deficiency, which could result in lower quality, quantity, and flowering. The impact of micronutrients on flowering plants is the subject of a systematic analysis of the most recent scientific literature in this review. Micronutrients are essential for many physiological processes that are vital to plant growth and development. These processes include those involving zinc, copper, chlorine, manganese, molybdenum, and iron. Their unique impact on the complex phases of flowering and reproductive development is examined in this paper. We look at the interactions that occur between micronutrients and environmental variables like soil pH and temperature that affect flowering. The study delves into the molecular mechanisms that underlie flowering responses mediated by micronutrients, encompassing the regulation of hormones and gene expression. In an effort to close knowledge gaps regarding the complex interplay between micronutrients and plant flowering, the review highlights obstacles and suggests future lines of inquiry. To sum up, this analysis adds to a thorough knowledge of how micronutrients influence plant flowering dynamics and offers insights that can improve crop productivity and agricultural practices
Effect of Different Sources of Nitrogen and Bio Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomato [Solanum lycopersicum L.) Var. Cerasiforme] in Polyhouse Conditions
No full textThe present investigation was carried out at Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during the Kharif-2022 with a view to identify the effect of different sources of nitrogen and bio fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of cherry tomato” [Solanum lycopersicum L.) var. cerasiforme] in polyhouse conditions. The experiment was laid in Randomized block design (RBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications with different combination in RDF and application of organic nutrition. Under this experiment, overall, 10 treatment were taken. From the above experimental finding it may be concluded that the treatment T9 (75% N through urea + 25% N through FYM + Azotobacter (4 kg ha-1) + PSB (4 Kg ha-1) was found to be best in the terms of growth parameters like highest plant height (283.35 cm) at 120 DAT, maximum number of branches per plant (72.33 branches) at 120 DAT. In terms of earliness, it was found to have minimum days to attain 50% flowering (55.93 DAT). In terms of yield T9 had highest number of fruits per cluster (5.57 fruits), and fruit yield per hectare (25.88 t ha-1)
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Rice Brown Spot Disease in Major Cauvery Delta Regions
No full textRice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second most important staple food among agricultural cereal crops, with over half of the world\u27s population dependent on rice. 165.59 million hectares of land is used for rice production worldwide, yielding 518.1 million tonnes and a productivity of 4.68 t/ha (FAOSTAT 2022 - 2023). In India, the rice production is about 132 million tonnes which is produced in about 47 million hectares of land with a productivity of about 4.21 t/ha (Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers welfare, Government of India 2023). In Tamil Nadu, the rice production is about 6.8 million metric tonnes which is produced in about 2.21 million hectares of land with a productivity of about 3.76 t/ha (Department of Economics and Statistics, Government of Tamil Nadu 2022-23). One of the biotic stresses that accounts for about 15.6% of losses each year is rice disease. Of them, Bipolaris oryzae (Breda de haan) causing brown spots of rice is the most destructive disease which causes about 90% of yield loss. Ten isolates of brown spot pathogen were collected from the Cauvery delta regions and of them, the virulent isolate (Bo9) was characterized molecularly. All the isolates were studied based on their morphological characteristics. ITS primers were utilized to do the molecular characterization of the pathogen
Exploring Pod Seeded Groundnut and its Response to Spacing and Nutrient Levels
No full textGroundnut is cultivated mainly by small and marginal farmers. Seed cost and sowing are stated to be the most expensive operations which combined are responsible for about 45% of the entire cost of groundnut cultivation. The seed cost is increased mainly by the operation of shelling, which raises it to 3 times. The objective of this research was to test the viability of sowing groundnut with pods after proper seed treatment to reduce the shelling cost. Treatments include four spacing and three nutrient levels. It was sown in the spacing of 30 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, and 30 cm × 15 cm. The different nutrient levels followed were the soil-based recommendation approach, 100% Recommended dose of fertilizers (25: 50: 75 N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1) and, 125% Recommended dose of fertilizers (31.25: 62.5: 93.75 N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1). Groundnut response was evaluated based on dry matter production, number of pods per plant, hundred pod weight, pod yield, haulm yield, harvest index and B: C ratio. The combination of 30 cm × 15 cm spacing, and 125% recommended dose of fertilizers (S4N3) documented the highest double pods per plant, hundred pod weight, highest pod yield of 3791 kg ha-1 and benefit-cost ratio of 2.89. The higher yield as well as the higher benefit-cost ratio, indicates the practical feasibility and economic viability of adoption of pod-seeded groundnut
Study of Genetic Variability and Path Analysis for Yield Attributing Traits in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)
No full textThis study was conducted to assess genetic variability, interrelationship among yield attributing traits and their direct and indirect effect on yield. Ninety-two genotypes including four checks was taken in the study and were planted during two seasons i.e., Rabi 2022-23 and Rabi 2023-24 at Research Farm, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior. These genotypes were evaluated for analysis of genetic variability, phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, correlation and path analysis for seed yield and its related traits. Higher estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for traits like seed yield per plant, harvest index, thousand seed weight, numbers of seeds per capsule, numbers of capsules per plant, numbers of secondary and primary branches. Highly significant and positive correlation with seed yield was documented for numbers of capsules per plant (0.82), numbers of secondary branches per plant (0.64) and thousand seed weight (0.31). Path coefficient analysis revealed that numbers of capsules per plant was the major contributor to the seed yield (0.7950) followed by harvest index (0.1762) and biological yield (0.1211)
Seaweed Extract for Sustainable Rice Production- A Review
No full textSeaweed extract is a bio-simulant that obtain from seaweeds like Agar, and Alginate and many more species of seaweed. By application of seaweed extract in rice crop (Oryza sativa L.) can increase the growth, grain yield, biological yield and improves the nutrient content in grain. Seaweed extract application also reduces the biotic and abiotic stress on crops. This seaweed extract can be applied in many ways to crop plants like foliar spray, soil incorporation, etc., based on crop type. It can impact the cellular respiration of plants and incorporates many enzymes like NAA, auxins, vitamins, cytokinin’s and many other growths promoting hormones in plants. This extract also has growth stimulating properties. It can increase nutrient absorption capacity by increasing root growth. Most of the marine algae are rich in auxins that increase root growth. The application of seaweed extract in soil can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. It can improve Arbuscular mycorrhiza by providing potassium to plant. Application of seaweed extract to soil can improve the availability of nutrients like calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium. Moreover, foliar spray of seaweed extract in rice crop increases crop growth, yield, nutrient uptake, water uptake, increases photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance. So, seaweed extract incorporation in rice cultivation could be a better approach to gain long-term sustainable production
Influence of Fertilizers and Bioinoculants on Growth Parameters of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49
No full textThe experiment was conducted to study the influence of fertilizers and bioinoculants on growth characteristics of guava cv. L-49 at Fruit Research Station Imaliya, Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, during 2022-23 and 2023-24 on twelve-year-old guava trees planted at 3.0 m x 3.0 m spacing. The experiment was carried out in factorial RBD with three replications. The data revealed that different levels of nutrients and bioinoculants alone and in combinations significantly influenced the growth parameter. The maximum increase in plant height (12.16%) & (12.46%), canopy spread E-W (14.15%) & (14.45%), canopy spread N-S (14.33%) & (14.72%) and stem girth (11.19%) & (10.07%) were recorded in N2 (100%RDF), during both years of experimentation respectively. With respect of bioinoculants, the maximum plant height (11.48%) & (11.71%), canopy spread E-W (13.24%) & (13.61%), canopy spread N-S (14.05%) & (14.44%) and stem girth (9.72%) & (8.85%) were observed in B5 (Bactobooster 200 ml), during both years respectively. Among the treatment combinations, T10 (100% RDF + Bactobooster200ml) was found superior with respect of the maximum increase in plant height (12.86%) & (13.09%), in canopy spread E-W (15.77%) & (16.11%), canopy spread N-S (16.16%) & (16.66%) and in stem girth (12.54%) & (11.01%) during both the years of experimentation respectively followed by T15 (75% RDF + Bactobooster 200 ml) and minimum was recorded in control
Assessment of Soil Particle Distribution and Primary Nutrient Status in the Groundnut-Producing Areas of Nalgonda, Telangana, India
No full textThe current research involved a thorough field survey to assess particle size distribution and the availability of primary nutrients in rabi-grown groundnut soils (2022-2023) across three productivity regions: high (2497.15-3006.47 kg ha-1), medium (1987.82-2497.15 kg ha-1), and low (up to 1987.82 kg ha-1) in Nalgonda district, Telangana. A total of 150 surface soil samples (0 - 15 cm depth), with 50 samples from each productivity region, were collected before the sowing of rabi groundnut crop using a stratified random sampling method. These collected soil samples are further processed and analysed for soil texture, available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The objective of this research is to know the status of texture and primary nutrients in groundnut growing areas of Nalgonda district. The sand, silt and clay content in high, medium and low productivity regions averaged 72.90%, 71.29%, 67.56%; 6.82%, 8.35%, 10.16% and 20.27%, 20.36%, 22.27% respectively. The respective available N, P and K showed mean values of 257.29 kg ha-1, 189.40 kg ha-1 and 138.99 kg ha-1; 48.025 kg h IJPSS_116978a-1, 44.512 kg ha-1, 27.09 kg ha-1 and 251.91 kg ha-1, 236.48 kg ha-1, 174.86 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity regions. In regions characterized by high productivity, there was a pronounced prevalence of sand content, significantly influencing soil particle aggregation. Notably, silt content exhibited considerable variation, particularly within areas of medium and low productivity, whereas clay content displayed the most variability in regions of low productivity. The availability of nitrogen decreased sequentially from high to medium productivity areas, and further from medium to low productivity regions. This same pattern was observed for available phosphorus and potassium, with substantial variations across the three productivity categories, declining consistently from high productivity regions to low productivity ones. Variations in available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) exhibited extensive dispersion within every productivity category, as evidenced by the significant standard deviation and coefficient of variation values across these regions. This is particularly notable for potassium, highlighting the necessity of considering diverse soil conditions and factors affecting potassium availability when formulating fertilization plans
Description and Comparative Analysis of Status of Soil Fertility in Suwana Block of Bhilwara District of Rajasthan, India
No full textThe present research took place from Suwana block in Bhilwara district of Rajasthan for analyze the fertility of the soils on cultivated land both close to and far from industrial areas was carried out at the SHUATS, Prayagraj. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry formerly called Naini Agricultural Institute, (U.P.). During the year 2023-2024. The soil samples were collected at the single-depth ranges: 0–15 cm from 30 different villages of one block of Bhilwara district, a total of 90 samples collected and analyzed for their physical and chemical parameter by using SLT. The outcome demonstrated that the soil samples\u27 pH was observed from neutral, slightly alkaline to strongly alkaline. The EC-1 became secure variety for cultivated land. %OC range was found in low to medium range. Available nitrogen was low, phosphorous was moderately to low., potassium levels ranged from medium to high, Sulphur was range from low too high in range in soils of Suwana block. Ca and Mg had been enough in variety of research area. 
Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management with Foliar Application of Mono Potassium Phosphate on Soil Health in Cultivation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Var. Mohini 34
No full textThe study was conducted during the Kharif season of 2023-24 at the Soil Science Crop Research Farm, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The investigation focused on the impact of various treatments on soil health. The findings revealed several significant outcomes: Regarding soil health parameters, the application of integrated nutrient management (INM) and foliar application of Mono Potassium Phosphate (MKP) influenced bulk density, particle density, pore space, water retaining capacity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon content, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil. Notably, certain treatments led to a decrease in bulk density and EC, while enhancing organic carbon content and nutrient availability in the soil. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of integrated nutrient management practices, including foliar application of MKP, in enhancing soil health parameters. These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable agricultural practices aimed at optimizing crop productivity while preserving soil health