International Journal of Plant & Soil Science
Not a member yet
5728 research outputs found
Sort by
Synergistic Effects of Phosphorus, Molybdenum, and Rhizobium on Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) Yield in Light Textured Soil
No full textA field experiment was carried out during kharif, 2019 and 2020 in different adjoining similar sites at Agronomy Instructional Farm, Chimanbhai Patel College of Agriculture Sardar krushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardar krushinagar. The soil of the experimental field was loamy sand. The experiment comprised of eighteen treatment combinations i.e. three levels of phosphorus (P1 : 20 kg P2O5 ha-1, P2 : 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 and P3 : 60 kg P2O5 ha-1); three levels of molybdenum (Mo0 : 0.0 kg Mo ha-1, Mo1 : 0.5 kg Mo ha-1 and Mo2 : 1.0 kg Mo ha-1) and two levels of Rhizobium (R0 : without rhizobium inoculation and R1 : with rhizobium inoculation) were evaluated with GM 4 cultivar of green gram in randomized block design (R.B.D.) with factorial concept with three replications. Results revealed that application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 0.5 kg Mo ha-1 significantly enhanced the all-nodulation parameters, growth, yield attributes, seed and stover yields of greengram over 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 0.0 kg Mo ha-1. Seed inoculation with Rhizobium significantly improved the numbers and weight of effective nodules per plant at 45 and 60 DAS, and others parameters i.e., yield attributes, seed and stover yield. Hence, application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 along with 0.5 kg Mo ha-1 and seed inoculation with Rhizobium were found to be most beneficial for greengram variety GM 4 grown in the light textured soils
Trend Analysis of Area, Production and Productivity of Banana in Anand District of Gujarat, India
No full textBanana (Musa sp.) holds the second position in terms of significance among fruit crops in India, following mango. Gujarat is ranked second and third in the production and productivity of banana respectively. This research aimed to examine the patterns in the cultivation area, production, and productivity of banana in Anand district, Gujarat. Secondary time series data spanning 16 years (from 2005-06 to 2020-21) were utilized for this analysis, sourced from the Directorate of Horticulture, Gujarat. Eight distinct linear and non-linear models were applied, and the most suitable model was chosen based on the highest adjusted R2 and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) values. The findings indicated that the cubic model demonstrated the best fit for depicting the trends in the area, production, and productivity of banana in Anand district, Gujarat. The study concluded that the cultivation area and production exhibited fluctuating trends, while productivity displayed a consistent upward trend throughout the analyzed period
Varietal Evaluation of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) Cultivars under Agro-climatic Conditions of Prayagraj
No full textAim: An experiment to “Study on Genetic Variability and correlation coefficient of Gladiolus Cultivars Under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Prayagraj”.
Place and Study of Duration: It was carried out at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agriculture Institute during the Winter season of 2023-24.
Study Design: Randomized complete block design.
Methodology: The analysis of variance for different quantitative characters are with significant differences among the genotypes for parameters like growth, flowering and corm yield per plant of gladiolus. The highest corms yield/plant (g/plant) of genotype was observed in White prosperity (111.37). While lowest corms yield/plant (g/plant) was observed for Tambri (55.47). High magnitude of GCV and PCV were recorded for weight of daughter corm (20.396 and 21.71. In the present investigation, the genetic advance estimates were found to be high for no. of days taken for first floret open (24.58), corm weight / plot (g) (126.02), weight of mother corm / plot (g) (166.38), weight of daughter corm (70.43), no. of corm per hectare (42515.19) and no. of cormels per hectare (1349073.89). In the present investigation, the genetic advance as mean percentage estimates were found to be high for number of leaves per plant at 30 das (20.27), days taken for corm sprouting (31.48), no. of days taken for first floret open (31.38), weight of mother corm / plot (g) (27.03), weight of daughter corm (39.46) and no. of cormels per hectare (21.70). Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient analysis revealed that Corms weight/plant (g) showed positive significant association with plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant , number of shoot per plant, rachis length (cm), no. of floret per spike, no. of spike per plant, floret diameter (cm), spike length (cm), vase life (days), corm weight / plot (g), weight of mother corm / plot (g), weight of daughter corm, corm diameter (cm), no. of corm per hectare and no. of cormels per hectare at both levels genotypic and phenotypic
Assessment of Genetic Divergence for Forage Yield and Biochemical Traits in Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench] Germplasm
No full textThe present investigation was carried out with two hundred eighty sorghum germplasm lines in augmented block design at GBPUAT, Pantnagar under normal sown condition during the Kharif season 2018. The observations were recorded on different yield contributing traits such as days to flowering, plant height, number of leaves; stem girthetc., quality traits such as protein content, total soluble solids, in vivo dry matter digestibility etc., and biochemical traits like cellulose content, silica content, and hemicelluloses etc. The statistical analysis for genetic diversity was done using hierarchical cluster analysis. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that significant amount of genetic diversity was present in sorghum germplasm with respect to different yield relate traits, quality traits and biochemical traits. The 280 germplasm lines were grouped into XI distinct non-overlapping clusters. The cluster-I (52) consisted of highest number of genotypes whereas lowest numbers of genotypes were exhibited by cluster-XI (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was exhibited by cluster-I (52.381) whereas lowest intra-cluster distance was exhibited by cluster-XI (0.000). The clusters with high intra-cluster distances suggested that genotypes in these clusters were more genetic diverse than the genotypes in other clusters with low intra-cluster distances. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters-IV and XI (346.854) suggested distant relationship between members of these two clusters and upon crossing the members of these two clusters will give more genetic diversity in segregating generation whereas minimum inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters-VIII and IX (46.803) suggested a closer relationship between these two clusters and low degree of genetic diversity among the genotypes. Presence of substantial genetic diversity among the genotypes screened in the present study indicated that this material may serve as a good source for selecting the diverse parents for hybridization programme. In order to increase the possibility of isolating good trangressive segregants in the segregating generations it would be logical to attempt crosses between the diverse genotypes belonging to clusters separated by large inter-cluster distances
Evaluation of Different Botanicals Against Sclerotium rolfsii Causing Collar Rot Disease of Lentil
No full textLentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is an important pulse crop in semiarid regions of Iran, India, Turkey and Canada and originated in the fertile crescent of the Near East and dates back to the beginning of agriculture itself. Lentil suffer from attack of number seed borne diseases such as vascular wilt, collar rot, root rot, stem rot, rust, powdery mildew and downy mildew, which are caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Uromycis fabae, Erysiphe polygoni and Peronospora lentis, respectively. Among the diseases, foot and root rot of lentil caused by Sclerotium rolfsii are common and the most severe disease. The fungi can attack the crop at any stage from seedling to flowering stage and are comparatively more destructive at the seedling stage. The effect of phyto extracts of nine plant species were tested in vitro by poisoned food technique to know their inhibitory effect on the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Significantly minimum mycelium growth was recorded in Curcuma longa (39.25 mm) while maximum mycelium growth was observed in Ricinus communis (90.00 mm)
Role of Antioxidants in the Management of Chilli Leaf Curl Virus in Chilli Using Beneficial Fungal Root Endophyte Piriformospora indica
No full textChilli leaf curl virus disease caused by Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) is considered as the most damage-causing for chilli crop, resulting in a cent per cent yield loss when affected at the early crop stage. Piriformospora indica (synonym Serendipita indica), a root endophytic fungus, enhances plant resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses. This study analyses the effect of P. indica against ChiLCV as a pot culture study under green net house conditions using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) layout in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Padannakkad from August 2022 to January 2023. Chilli seeds colonized in P. indica-enriched potting mixtures exhibited earlier germination than non-colonized seeds. ChiLCV was introduced to chilli plants pre and post-colonized with P. indica and observed for disease incidence. Chlamyodspores of P. indica were observed in the root cortical region five days after co-cultivation (DAC). In the two pot culture experiments conducted, plants pre-colonized with P. indica followed by graft transmission of the virus after 15 days expressed a low vulnerability index (V.I. - 25) against non-colonized, grafted plants (V.I. – 64). Colonization of P. indica (2 days) after graft transmission of the virus recorded a V.I. (36), while non-colonized grafted plants recorded a V.I. of 65. The endophyte colonized plants exhibited elevated ROS scavenging enzyme activity (Catalase, Peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase and Phosphatase) compared to non-colonized ones which was confirmed by enzyme activity analyses and ROS staining techniques. Endophyte colonized chilli plants had exhibited more resilience towards ChiLCV thereby proving that it could be exploited in future towards cultivating disease resistant plants. This study underscores the role of P. indica in managing chilli leaf curl disease by boosting ROS-scavenging enzyme production, offering a promising avenue for disease mitigation
Genetic Variability in Mango Clones of Langra cv. for Physical-bio Chemical Parameters at Kymore Plateau and Satpura Hills of Madhya Pradesh, India
No full textThe present study was carried out to assess the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for different characters in 40 clones of mango. The study was conducted at Fruit Research Station (Farm), Imalia for evaluating the variability of Langra clones in Randomized block design. All the characters showed very small difference between genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and respective phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), indicated that all the characters were least affected by environment. The high phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for pulp %, peel %, stone %, pulp : stone ratio, pulp : peel ratio, fiber %, density of lenticels, fruit weight kg, acidity %, reducing sugar % in the both years. High heritability coupled with genetic advance were observed for all characters studies indicating these characters are governed by additive gene action and phenotypic selection may be more fruitful. Hence, direct selection may be followed for the improvement of mango for these characters
Development of Climate Resilient Genotypes in Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
No full textFor development of climate resilient genotypes of chickpea for yield and yield contributing characters the present study was undertaken at Pulses Improvement Project, MPKV, Rahuri during Rabi season of 2021-22. The twelve genotypes and four check varieties were evaluated under three different environmental conditions. The data was subjected to ANOVA and Eberthart and Russel model. The analysis of pooled variance showed a significant connection among genotypes, environment (Linear) and genotypes x environment (Linear) almost for all characters except for number of seeds per pod. The genotypes Phule G 181603, Phule G 181609, Phule G 181667, Vijay and Phule Vikrant exhibited average stability for grain yield per plant over all three environments. The varieties Digvijay and Phule Vikram was found below average stable so they could be suitable for poor environment and genotypes Phule G 181102 and Phule G 1210-16-1 showed stability under favorable environments
Impact of Different Inoculum Levels of Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae) on the Physiological Traits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
No full textThis study aimed to examine the effects of various inoculum levels of H. avenae on wheat physiology. The experiments were conducted in the screenhouse at the Department of Nematology, CCSHAU, Hisar, with inoculum levels set at 5, 10, and 15 eggs and juveniles per gram of soil. Observations on physiological parameters were made 30 days post-sowing. It was found that increasing inoculum levels led to significant decreases in total chlorophyll, carotenoid content, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance. The highest inoculum level showed the most pronounced reductions, with respective decreases of 39.71%, 30.55%, 7.90%, 39.75%, 51.58%, and 64.86%. Highest nematode inoculum level also resulted in the highest reduction in gaseous exchange parameters, biomass and leaf pigments concentrations and maximum increment in nematode population density
Assessing High-yielding Variety Anand Komal for Dual-season Cultivation of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) in Middle Gujarat Agro Climatic Condition
No full textIndia is the top country by the okra production in the world. Due to the principal significance of maximizing agricultural benefits for farmers in the existing context of Gujarat, there was a compelling need for the development of a high-yielding dual-season variety of okra. The genotype has been specifically developed for cultivation during the summer and kharif seasons in the central region of Gujarat. Systematic testing was conducted in Preliminary Evaluation Trial II (PET II) from 2016 onwards, spanning various trials across diverse locations within the state from 2017 to 2020, encompassing both kharif and summer seasons. As a result of its commendable performance, the genotype designated as Anand Komal was developed for consideration and endorsement under the specific agro-climatic conditions prevalent in central Gujarat. The new variety excels in middle Gujarat, yielding 125.00 q/ha, surpassing GAO 5, GO 6, and Pusa Sawani by 21.49, 44.82, and 42.05% during kharif and summer. It features dark green, tender fruits with strong leaf serration and deep lobbing, tall stature, more nodes, and short internodes. It contains higher phenol (0.13%), soluble sugars (2.50%), and chlorophyll (0.55 mg/g) and shows lower susceptibility to major diseases and pests. ISSR marker "ISSR-25" delineated distinct genetic profiles among the okra samples, particularly highlighting the genetic uniqueness of variety AOL-16-01. This variety presents a promising option for middle Gujarat, offering improved yields and enhanced resilience to agricultural challenges