Scholar Insight Journal
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The reality of sex reassignment (Transgender) in the light of Islamic teachings Research and critical review
Full text linkThis research critically examines the phenomenon of sex reassignment and transgender identity from an Islamic perspective, highlighting theological, legal, and moral dimensions. In recent years, gender identity debates have taken a central place in global discourse, influencing legislation even in Muslim-majority countries. This paper analyzes these developments through the lens of Islamic teachings, particularly the concept of fitrah (natural disposition), which affirms that Allah’s creation is perfect and immutable. The Qur’anic injunction “There is no change in the creation of Allah” (30:30) serves as a central theological foundation for the Islamic prohibition against altering one’s biological sex.Drawing upon primary sources such as the Qur’an, Hadith, classical fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), and contemporary scholarly opinions, this study differentiates between intersex conditions—where corrective intervention may be permissible—and elective gender reassignment based on psychological or emotional grounds, which is impermissible. The research also addresses common secular arguments supporting gender reassignment—such as identity, freedom, and human rights—through a critical Islamic framework. It critiques modern legislation in countries like Pakistan that allow self-perceived gender identity, arguing that such policies conflict with Islamic law and risk undermining social and moral order.Furthermore, the study explores the spiritual and societal consequences of normalizing gender reassignment, including threats to the family structure, deviation from divine guidance, and the influence of Western ideologies through media. The paper concludes with recommendations emphasizing the role of scholars, religious education, policy reform, and counseling services to address gender confusion within an Islamic ethical framework
The Contemporary Relevance of Qiyas and Ijtihad in Responding to Modern Social Challenges
Full text linkIn the evolving landscape of modern society, Islamic jurisprudence faces new and complex challenges that demand dynamic and thoughtful responses. Two foundational tools within Islamic legal theory—Qiyas (analogical deduction) and Ijtihad (independent legal reasoning)—serve as vital mechanisms for addressing contemporary issues while remaining grounded in the principles of Shariah. Qiyas allows scholars to extend established rulings to new situations by identifying shared underlying causes (‘illah), ensuring consistency and coherence within the legal framework. Meanwhile, Ijtihad empowers qualified jurists to engage in deeper reasoning to interpret texts in light of current realities, promoting relevance and adaptability in Islamic law. These methodologies are particularly crucial in addressing areas unanticipated by classical jurists, such as bioethics, digital technology, environmental concerns, and financial systems. By applying Qiyas and Ijtihad, scholars can offer reasoned solutions that reflect both the ethical foundations of Islam and the needs of a changing world. While there are debates about the limits and authority of these tools, their continued application supports a dynamic and responsive legal tradition. Thus, Qiyas and Ijtihad preserve the integrity of Islamic jurisprudence and enable it to evolve in harmony with the demands of contemporary society
Linguistic Framing of Climate Change Responsibility in News Media: A Cross-National Analysis of Pakistani and American Newspapers
Full text linkClimate change is not only a scientific and political concern but also a discursive phenomenon constructed through media language. This study examines how English-language newspapers from Pakistan and the United States linguistically frame responsibility for climate change, utilizing Hallidayian Systemic Functional Grammar, specifically the transitivity system, in conjunction with Entman\u27s Framing Theory. A corpus of 50 articles—25 from each country, published from January 2024 to December 2024—was analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Corpus tools (AntConc, LancsBox, UAM CorpusTool) were employed to identify process types and participant roles that construct agency, blame, and action in climate discourse. Findings reveal that Pakistani newspapers emphasize material processes and human agency, often foregrounding global injustice and vulnerability. In contrast, U.S. newspapers favor nominalizations and passive constructions that frame climate action as a shared or institutional responsibility. This contrast reflects deeper geopolitical asymmetries: Pakistan\u27s discourse appeals to moral and financial accountability, whereas U.S. media prioritize technocratic solutions and collective action. By integrating linguistic analysis with framing theory in a comparative context, the study contributes to critical discourse analysis and climate communication scholarship. It highlights how language encodes ideological positioning and power dynamics, ultimately shaping public understanding of environmental justice and global responsibility
The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Rational and Ethical Decision-Making
Full text linkEmotional intelligence (EI) plays a pivotal role in shaping effective decision-making in both personal and professional settings. This article explores how core components of EI—such as self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, motivation, and social skills—directly influence the quality and outcomes of decisions. Traditional models of decision-making emphasize logic and analysis, but growing evidence suggests that emotional factors significantly impact choices, particularly in high-pressure or interpersonal contexts. Individuals with high emotional intelligence are better equipped to manage stress, recognize emotional triggers, and respond thoughtfully rather than react impulsively. They also demonstrate superior communication and collaboration skills, enabling them to make ethical and socially responsible decisions by considering the perspectives and feelings of others. The article presents real-world examples from leadership, crisis management, and organizational behavior to demonstrate how emotionally intelligent decision-makers drive positive results. In contrast, low EI can lead to biased judgment, conflict escalation, and poor emotional regulation. Furthermore, the article highlights the importance of developing EI through training, mindfulness, and feedback mechanisms. Enhancing emotional intelligence not only improves individual decision-making capacity but also fosters better teamwork and organizational health. By integrating emotional awareness with cognitive reasoning, decision-makers can achieve a more balanced and impactful approach to problem-solving. The findings advocate for the inclusion of EI development in educational curricula and leadership training programs to prepare individuals for complex, emotionally charged decision environments
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in English Teachers’ Decision-Making: Implications for Effective Classroom Management
No full textEmotional intelligence (EI) has gained recognition as a key factor in enhancing the effectiveness of both teaching and educational leadership. The ability of English teachers to recognize, understand, and regulate emotions—within themselves as well as among their students—has a profound impact on classroom interactions and professional choices. The present study explores the influence of emotional intelligence on teachers’ decision-making and its contribution to successful classroom management. It particularly focuses on how the major elements of EI, including self-awareness, empathy, emotional control, and social competence, shape teachers’ instructional planning, disciplinary strategies, and conflict resolution approaches. A quantitative research design was adopted, involving a sample of 120 secondary school teachers from public and private institutions. Data were collected using two standardized instruments: the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) and the Teacher Decision-Making Inventory (TDMI). Statistical procedures, such as Pearson correlation and regression analysis, indicated a meaningful positive link between emotional intelligence and teachers’ decision-making effectiveness. The outcomes suggest that English teachers who exhibit stronger emotional intelligence tend to make more balanced, ethical, and student-centered decisions, resulting in improved classroom discipline and academic outcomes. These results highlight that emotional intelligence is not merely an individual characteristic but an essential professional attribute that strengthens the quality of education. Therefore , English teacher preparation and professional development programs should incorporate structured training in emotional intelligence to help educators develop reflective thinking, empathy, and emotional stability—qualities necessary for maintaining productive classrooms and making informed pedagogical decisions
علم صوتیات کی روشنی میں ، احمد راہی کی "رگِ جاں" کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ: An analytical study of Ahmad Rahi\u27s "Rag-e-Jan" in the light of phonetics
No full textThe present research, “An Analytical Study of Ahmad Rahi’s Rag-e-Jan in the Light of Phonetics,” explores the intricate relationship between sound and meaning in the poetic expression of Ahmad Rahi. As one of the most influential voices in modern Urdu and Punjabi poetry, Rahi’s Rag-e-Jan exhibits a unique harmony of emotional resonance and phonetic artistry. This study examines how phonetic features such as euphony, consonance, assonance, rhythm, and intonation contribute to the lyrical texture and emotional depth of his verse. Through a detailed phonetic analysis, the research seeks to uncover how Rahi’s sound patterns enrich the semantic layers of his poetry and reflect the cultural, emotional, and linguistic sensibilities of his era.Drawing upon the theoretical frameworks of phonological stylistics and modern sound symbolism, the study investigates the interplay between phonetic structure and poetic meaning. Special attention is given to the ways in which Rahi employs auditory elements to express themes of love, nostalgia, pain, and existential reflection. His deliberate use of sound not only enhances musicality but also serves as a vehicle for emotional communication and aesthetic coherence.Ultimately, this research contributes to Urdu literary criticism by integrating linguistic and phonetic perspectives into the study of poetic form and function. It broadens the understanding of Ahmad Rahi’s poetic art as a symphony of sound and sentiment, where phonetic beauty becomes an essential element of his creative expression
Artificial Intelligence and Cybercrime: A Special Study in the Light of Seerah of Prophet Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ: آرٹیفیشل انٹلیجنس اورسائبر کرائم :سیرت طیبہ کی روشنی میں اختصاصی مطالعہ
No full textThe advent of modern technology, particularly the rise of the internet and artificial intelligence (AI), has transformed societies globally. While these advancements have fostered economic growth, communication, and innovation, they have also given rise to new challenges, such as cybercrime. Cybercrimes like hacking, identity theft, and fraud have become increasingly prevalent, threatening individual security and societal peace. This article explores how the ethical principles outlined in the life and teachings of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ can provide a framework for addressing these challenges. The Prophet’s ﷺ guidance on justice, honesty, integrity, and societal protection serves as a valuable tool in shaping how we use technology today. It discusses the role of AI in both the prevention of cybercrime and the promotion of fairness and transparency in the digital world. By aligning AI\u27s usage with the moral values of justice and responsibility, we can mitigate the harmful effects of cybercrime. Additionally, the Prophet’s ﷺ emphasis on accountability and protection of society underscores the need for responsible AI development and usage. This article advocates for a balanced approach, wherein technology is harnessed not only for innovation but also for the welfare of society in alignment with Islamic ethical values. By adopting the principles of the Prophet ﷺ, we can ensure a safer and more just digital landscape for future generations. Furthermore, this approach emphasizes the importance of ethical decision-making, transparency, and the role of Islamic teachings in safeguarding both online and offline communities
Reconciling the Void: An Analysis of McCarthy’s The Road (2006)
Full text linkCormac McCarthy’s The Road (2006) presents a stark, post-apocalyptic world stripped of structure, meaning, and divine presence, yet within this narrative of devastation lies a profound exploration of survival, love, and metaphysical reckoning. This paper investigates how the novel confronts the concept of “the void”—a space of absence, death, and spiritual silence—while simultaneously offering the possibility of reconciliation through human connection and moral perseverance. By analyzing the unnamed father and son’s journey, the essay examines how their bond functions as a moral axis in a world where traditional systems of belief and ethics have collapsed. Through close textual analysis and philosophical reflection, the paper argues that The Road both acknowledges and resists nihilism: the void is not denied, but met with acts of care, memory, and storytelling. The narrative’s sparse language and recurring imagery of fire, darkness, and silence are read as stylistic manifestations of McCarthy’s existential concerns. Special attention is given to the novel’s ending, particularly the trout passage, which offers a potential vision of beauty and permanence amidst ruin. This moment is interpreted not as resolution, but as a final gesture toward the unknowable—a symbolic reconciliation with the void that defines the novel’s moral and metaphysical terrain. Drawing on existential and post-theological frameworks, the paper positions The Road as a literary meditation on endurance, meaning, and the remnants of faith in a disintegrated world
Islamic Ethics in Influencer Marketing: (Guidelines for Shariah-Compliant Digital Campaigns
Full text linkThe rapid rise of digital influencer marketing has transformed consumer engagement and brand communication across the Muslim world. However, the ethical implications of this trend remain underexplored, particularly in light of Islamic values and Shariah-compliant business practices. This paper investigates influencer marketing through the lens of Islamic ethics, offering a comprehensive framework for developing ethical and Shariah-aligned digital campaigns. Drawing upon classical sources of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), Maqasid al-Shariah (objectives of Islamic law), and contemporary business ethics, the study highlights the critical boundaries of halal and haram in online persuasion, the risks of deceptive promotion (gharar), and the moral responsibilities of content creators and brands. Using a qualitative review of case studies, fatwas, and marketing guidelines from Muslim-majority countries, the article proposes a practical guideline checklist for Islamic influencer marketing. The findings aim to assist marketers, Islamic scholars, digital platforms, and consumers in fostering a more spiritually conscious and ethically responsible digital marketplace
استشراقی فکر بارے اقبال ؒ کے مؤقف کا تحقیقی مطالعہ: A Research Study on Allama Iqbal’s Perspective Regarding Orientalist Thought
No full textAccording to various dictionaries, "Orientalism" refers to the study of Eastern life, knowledge, literature, languages, and culture by Western scholars. The term "Orientalist" is used for a Western scholar who dedicates their life to acquiring knowledge about the East in these areas.In reality, Orientalism is a well-organized and comprehensive movement rooted in hostility towards Islam. This movement carries several goals and objectives.Allama Iqbal, after deeply studying and observing this movement, presented a balanced, well-reasoned, and clear stance. He was at the forefront of criticizing and rejecting those Orientalist ideas and theories that conflicted with the teachings of Islam.A study of Iqbal’s thoughts and writings makes it evident that he acknowledged the roots and intentions of Orientalist thought. In both his prose and poetry, he explicitly explained their objectives, motives, and methodologies.
Iqbal described the aims and strategies of Orientalist thought as part of a broader Western agenda to spread anti-Islamic culture, promote the Western concept of nationalism in Muslim countries, support Christian missionary efforts, promote Western superiority and psychological domination, and assist in colonial control over the Muslim world.Iqbal took a firm and critical stance against Orientalist ideas, backed by strong arguments. He considered Western civilization as morally degenerate, steeped in obscenity and materialism, and distant from spirituality. He believed that Western knowledge and sciences were rooted in Satanic values and posed a great threat to humanity. Iqbal viewed Western politics as inhumane and materialistic, designed by evil forces, and based on flawed concepts like secular nationalism.Iqbal\u27s attitude toward Orientalist thought was not one of admiration. He disapproved of Western civilization because every aspect of it clashed with Islamic values. He condemned Western politics for its oppression, materialism, and distance from religion.Regarding Western sciences and arts, Iqbal held two different views. He criticized those aspects which were anti-Islamic and harmful to humanity but appreciated those elements that served human welfare.
Overall, Iqbal’s view was that Orientalist ideas were not to be adopted. He encouraged complete avoidance of Western civilization. In contrast to Western politics, he promoted a political system based on Islamic principles, as he believed that politics without religious boundaries was equivalent to tyranny. He discouraged engagement with the harmful and dangerous aspects of Western knowledge but encouraged benefiting from aspects that served the good of humanity