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Impact of globalization on local culture: A case study of North Waziristan Youth
Full text linkOne of the most powerful forces reshaping societies worldwide is globalisation. Its influence extends beyond politics and the economy, permeating even the most isolated communities\u27 social and cultural ties. Examining how globalisation has affected the local culture of North Waziristan, a Pakistani tribal region distinguished by its strong traditional, linguistic, and religious identity, is the goal of this study. The study investigates the ways in which migration, education, media exposure, global cultural trends, and technology have shaped young people\u27s values, way of life, and sense of self. 367 young respondents, ages 18 to 30, participated in in-depth interviews and completed a structured questionnaire as part of an empirical study that was carried out in a few North Waziristan tehsils. Descriptive, correlational, and regression statistical analyses were used to investigate the relationship between local cultural orientation changes and globalisation factors. The results showed a strong correlation between educational diversity, exposure to international media, and the decline of customs, language preference, and group behaviour. The study did, however, also find adaptive patterns in which globalisation benefited social mobility, awareness, and the modernisation of cultural expression. The results suggest that while globalization is gradually transforming indigenous cultural norms, North Waziristan’s youth are not entirely abandoning their local identity. Instead, they are reconstructing it within a hybrid framework that blends global modernity with traditional Pashtun values. The paper concludes that sustainable cultural preservation in the face of globalization requires context-specific policies that promote intercultural dialogue, education, and responsible media engagement.
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Investigate the Impact of Work from Home on Employee Performance: A Study of the Moderating Role of Perceived Organisation Support
Full text linkThis study investigates the impact of Work from Home (WFH) arrangements on Employee Performance (EP), focusing on the critical moderating role of Perceived Organizational Support (POS). The aim is to provide insights into how organizational support influences employee productivity in remote working environments. A correlational research design was employed using a sample of 300 employees who work from home either full-time or part-time. Data were gathered through online surveys and analysed using regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Demographic factors such as age, gender, and tenure were controlled to ensure reliability and validity.
The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between Work from Home and Employee Performance when Perceived Organizational Support was high. Employees who experienced strong organizational support while working remotely demonstrated higher motivation, engagement, and productivity levels. Conversely, employees with low perceived support reported increased isolation and significantly reduced performance outcomes. The study highlights the importance for organizations to strengthen perceived support systems through effective communication, recognition, and accessible resources. Managers should foster a supportive remote environment to sustain high performance levels and employee well-being. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on remote work dynamics by empirically establishing the moderating role of Perceived Organizational Support. It offers practical implications for human resource policies and management practices, providing a framework for organizations aiming to optimize employee performance in contemporary hybrid and fully remote settings.
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Human–AI Collaboration in HR: Redefining Roles and Responsibilities in the Digital Workplace
Full text linkThe rapid digital transformation of organizations has significantly accelerated the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in human resource (HR) functions. This integration equips HR professionals with new roles, supported by AI-driven decision-making, automation, and workforce optimization. These evolving roles demand a blend of human expertise and technological skills. Understanding how human-AI collaboration enhances HR processes, performance, and future applications is crucial in the modern workplace. This study examines the impact of human-AI collaboration on HR effectiveness, role transformation, ethical concerns, and adoption willingness, while also exploring how professional experience influences perceptions of AI integration. A descriptive, quantitative research design was employed, using a structured questionnaire administered to 350 HR professionals across various sectors. The instrument measured five key constructs: Human-AI Integration, Efficiency and Performance Enhancement, Role and Responsibility Impact, Challenges and Ethical Considerations, and Future Perspectives and Adoption Intention. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple regression, and one-way ANOVA.
Findings indicate that HR professionals largely agree on AI\u27s beneficial impact on efficiency, performance, and the future of the profession. Human-AI integration and efficiency enhancement were the strongest predictors of adoption intentions. However, ethical risks and implementation obstacles remain significant concerns, negatively influencing perceptions. Experience-based differences revealed that more seasoned professionals view AI integration more positively.
HR is evolving into a more strategic, analytical, and human-oriented field through human-AI collaboration. While AI offers substantial benefits, successful adoption hinges on addressing ethical concerns and ensuring organizational preparedness. Sustainable collaboration requires enhancing digital competence, developing robust governance frameworks, and fostering a responsible approach to AI integration.
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Social Emotional Learning: A Contemporary Analysis of Teacher Educators’ Understanding and Awareness in Pakistan
Full text linkThis paper examines the understanding and awareness of Social Emotional Learning (SEL) among teacher educators in universities across Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan, through the lens of the Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL) framework. Despite SEL’s international recognition as essential to holistic pedagogy, teacher educators often lack the conceptual clarity and practical skills needed to model and integrate SEL into teacher preparation curricula. A quantitative survey design was employed, using purposive sampling to collect data from seventy-nine teacher educators across seven universities. A validated, self-developed instrument with high reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.841) measured participants’ conceptual understanding, perceived importance, and awareness of SEL-related pedagogical practices. Descriptive and inferential analyses revealed consistently low levels of SEL awareness and understanding, with mean scores significantly below the scale’s neutral point. Findings also indicated no statistically significant gender-based or inter-institutional differences, suggesting that SEL deficits are systemic rather than demographic. Correlation and regression analyses underscored that perceived importance strongly predicts awareness of instructional practices, emphasizing the link between belief and implementation. The study concludes that institutional gaps in pre-service and in-service training, along with insufficient curricular integration, are primary barriers to SEL adoption. It recommends systemic reforms, including embedding SEL standards into accreditation frameworks, enhancing institutional support through dedicated resources and communities of practice, and providing sustained, experiential professional development to empower teacher educators as effective SEL facilitators and role models.
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Charities Or Donations as a Source of Terrorism Financing: Why does Regulation Fail in Pakistan?
Full text linkAbstract
This comprehensive research analyses Pakistan\u27s regulatory system for preventing terrorist funding and money laundering through charities/donations. The report discusses the regulatory environment, problems, empirical analysis, policy implications, innovative ideas, and a National Counter Terrorism Authority’s action plan. The report reveals an evolving regulatory framework that strives to satisfy global standards despite ongoing challenges. The integrity of Pakistan\u27s economy and its national security are safeguarded by its regulatory framework, which consists of laws, agencies, and international cooperation. The nation\u27s commitment to combating financial offenses has resulted in a sophisticated regulatory structure. However, the regulatory structure of Pakistan presents challenges and criticisms. Institutions that do not comply with AML and CTF regulations avoid prompt and severe punishment. The large informal sector makes monitoring the flow of funds and promoting illicit active it\u27s difficult. Maintaining transparency in charitable organizations while permitting their authorized activity takes time and effort. The complex multi-agency regulatory environment requires improved coordination and simplification to ensure coordinated efforts. Our empirical investigation yielded qualitative data that reveal successes and areas for refinement. The increase in Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs) related to charity and donations indicate a greater awareness of financial risk. Significant penalties and imprisonment terms demonstrate that regulatory enforcement holds offenders accountable. Audits of charitable organizations indicate an increase in financial transparency. Consistency in enforcement, the informal economy, and regulatory cooperation remain issues. The study has far-reaching policy implications, highlighting the need to close gaps in enforcement, embrace innovation, and collaborate. Technology, public participation, and international cooperation are required to combat the evolving landscape of financial crimes. In response to these issues, proposals are made for innovative technology adoption, public participation, regulatory changes, and international collaboration. These concepts necessitate transitioning from AI-driven threat prediction to block chain-based secure reporting systems, allowing various strategic options. Financial crime prevention requires unwavering commitment, ongoing education, and the willingness to experiment. Pakistan\u27s commitment to the security of its financial system reflects its commitment to a safer, more secure global financial environment.
References
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Construction and validation of an instrument to explore prospects and challenges of Campus Management System
Full text linkAbstract
The work reported here is an effort to construct and validate an instrument to explore the prospects and challenges of campus management system (CMS) of Allama Iqbal Open University. This work is likely to be a predictor of students\u27 attachment to CMS and is expected to help the AIOU Administration to improve the CMS in future. A questionnaire was constructed by keeping in view the construct. First part of questionnaire was about demographic information of respondents. e.g. name, age, gender, area, education, and work experience. The second part comprised total eight subscales. Out of eight subscales, first five subscales (guidance on CMS for new admission, guidance on CMS for courses, guidance on CMS for exams, technological advancement benefits, clarity, and helpfulness in academics) were related to the prospects of CMS. While other three subscales; current CMS interface challenges, technical challenges of CMS, challenges in admission process, were related to the challenges of CMS faced by learners. After construction, the instrument was validated by the eleven experts in the field of education and psychology. Some statements were amended in the light of their useful suggestions. Then the final prototype of data collection was refined to check Content Validity Index. The CVI was calculated and that was 0.94. The validated instrument was then applied on a group of 60 scholars to calculate the reliability of the instrument by using Cronbach’s Alpha, which was 0.87.
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The public sphere on a digital plane: The influence of the new digital media on Ghana’s democracy and the Public Sphere
Full text linkThis paper examines how social media is providing a new digital public sphere and shaping the democratic process in Ghana. It draws on Habermas\u27s public sphere theory to explore how social media has occupied a digital public sphere that creates spaces for democratic participation and public discourse. The paper reviews relevant literature on social media use as a tool of political communication, the new digital public sphere, and the democratic process in Ghana and globally. Since Ghana\u27s return to democratic rule in 1992, the media landscape was initially dominated by traditional state and private media outlets. However, the rise of digital and social media over the past two decades has transformed the public sphere, creating online spaces for citizens to engage in political deliberations and share diverse viewpoints. The paper examines how social media played a crucial role in Ghana\u27s 2020 elections, facilitating citizen political participation, public opinion formation, and activism despite COVID-19 restrictions on physical gatherings. Social media enabled political parties to campaign online, citizens to voice concerns, and interest groups to mobilize protests and demand accountability. While acknowledging the digital divide and attempts by political elites to control narratives, the paper argues that social media\u27s interactive and connective structure has enhanced the public sphere by dismantling dominant discourses and amplifying alternative perspectives. The paper concludes by recommending robust fact-checking mechanisms and collaborative efforts from government, civil society, media, and interest groups to strengthen the digital public sphere\u27s role in consolidating Ghana\u27s democracy. Overall, it highlights social media\u27s transformative impact on Ghana\u27s public sphere and democratic processes.
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An Examination of Contemporary Conflict Management Approach in the 21st Century Nigeria
Full text linkConflict is inseparable part of human being, and an attempt to ignore it will lead to tragedy. The history of conflict in Nigeria and its resolution dated with the birth of the country. The study did a critical analysis of modern conflict management approaches in the contemporary Nigeria. The study is historical in nature relying mainly on secondary source of data collection. The work found that conflict in Nigeria is caused by multiplicity of factors such as colonial legacy, ethnic identity, religious affiliation, land and ecology factor, worsening economic conditions, and discrimination and neglect among others. Suppression, judicial process, state creation, creation of specialized ministry, synergistic approach and interfaith peacemaking among various approaches have been employed to manage the conflict in the country. The study discovered among proliferation of institutions, unclear legal and policy framework, primordial factor, financial constraints, lack of political will, and weak administration of justice as factors hindering the effectiveness of the approaches. The paper concluded by recommending combine participation, inclusion of expert in formulation of strategies, capacity building, enactment of legal frameworks and arms control. Judicial and security sectors reformed is also fundamental to the effective conflict management in Nigeria.
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Strategic Deployment of Advance Surveillance Ecosystems: An Analytical Study on Mitigating Unauthorized U.S. Border Entry
Full text linkThis research aims at the intricate challenge of securing the U.S. border by investigating the potential of cutting-edge surveillance technologies. We explore a range of innovations, including artificial intelligence, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), sophisticated sensor networks, and sophisticated data integration systems. Through a combination of case studies, technological assessments, and policy analyses, this work aims to understand how these technologies can enhance border security while navigating the complex landscape of ethical and legal considerations.
Our research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of these surveillance systems. Key findings reveal that the integration of advanced technologies can significantly improve border detection capabilities, accelerate response times, and enhance situational awareness. However, our investigation also uncovers significant operational hurdles, including substantial implementation costs, the complexities of integrating diverse technological systems, and the crucial need for comprehensive training programs for border personnel.
Furthermore, the research critically examines the ethical dimensions of border surveillance. Concerns surrounding privacy infringement and the potential for racial profiling in the context of mass surveillance are thoroughly analysed. This paper acknowledges the delicate balance between enhancing security and safeguarding individual liberties.
Based on our findings, we offer a series of concrete recommendations to address these challenges effectively. These recommendations include:
Fostering collaboration between government agencies, technology companies, and academic institutions to drive innovation and ensure responsible technology development. Creating common data structures and protocols to enable seamless information exchange between different agencies and systems. Creating robust oversight mechanisms to address ethical concerns, ensure accountability, and protect individual rights. By embracing these recommendations, the United States can strive towards a more effective, ethical, and equitable border management strategy that balances security needs with the protection of individual liberties and human rights.
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Using Communicative Language Teaching to Teach English as a Second Language to College Students
No full textThe study of language acquisition and instruction is not new to academics, but it never fails to excite linguists and teachers. The goal of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is to help students develop their communication skills so that they can effectively communicate in a target language. Since its start in the 1970s, when the need for language learners to improve their communication skills was rising, this approach has received worldwide reputation. But since many educators still reject this method, many worries remain. According to Chomsky (1957), the four main aspects of language acquisition lexis, syntax, phonology, and morphology are focused on linguistic competence. Hymes (1971) argues that pragmatic, sociolinguistic, semantic, and grammatical considerations are more important. When it comes to teaching second languages, the theories put forward by researchers, have been game-changers for communicative language instruction. The communicative language teaching (CLT) technique places an emphasis on students\u27 active participation in second language classroom activities and provides more opportunities for students to improve their communication skills compared to the grammar-translation method. Other traditional methods of instruction do not typically use this component. In the context of ESL instruction, this article delves deeply into the ideas and methods of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). In particular, it compares and contrasts conventional methods of instruction with Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and gives a brief summary of its advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the article delves into the latest advancements in CLT and the difficulties encountered while applying CLT in an academic environment. After that, the post helps educators understand Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) better. Furthermore, it suggests possible outcomes, such as creating classroom activities and encouraging student motivation, of utilizing CLT to teach English in a university context.
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