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Exploring the Elements That Influence Postgraduate Students\u27 Reading Trends in University Libraries in Islamabad
Full text linkPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing post-graduate students\u27 reading trends at university libraries in Islamabad as well as students\u27 reading trends and their effects on academic achievement.
Methodology: To accomplish the study\u27s objectives, a quantitative research technique was used, and a survey based on a questionnaire was undertaken. For the purpose of gathering information from the respondents, a structured questionnaire was created. Data was gathered from the libraries of Islamabad-based HEC-recognized universities using a purposive sampling technique. The survey received 129 responses from users of the 16 libraries.
Findings: This study reveals that respondents like to read electronic documents rather than paper-based materials. They read for multiple purposes, including academic assignments and course work, self-development, preparation for exams, and to improve their ability in spoken and written English language communication. The study also reveals that respondents get good grades due to reading, expressing themselves well in class, can make assignments easily, makes them feel proud, and reading newspapers increases their awareness level. The study also reveals that social networking sites like Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, and others, as well as time spent watching TV and playing video games, have a detrimental impact on the reading trends of postgraduate students in Islamabad.
Originality: This is the first study of its kind conducted in the territory of Islamabad. Therefore, its findings can have a significant impact on the readers.
References
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Ahmad, Z., Tariq, M., Iqbal, Q., & Sial, T. A. (2021). Exploring the Factors Affecting the Development of Reading Trends among Children. Library Philosophy and Practice, 0_1-20.
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Dollah, W. A. K. W., Kamal, S., Kamal, E. R., Ibrahim, A., Rahim, H. A., Masron, M. Z., ... & Rahmat, M. E. (2017). Inculcating reading habits among secondary school students. Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 4(8), 407-416.
Du Toit, C. M. (2007). The recreational reading trends of adolescent readers: A case study (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria).
Fatiloro, O. F., Adesola, O. A., Hameed, B. A., & Adewumi, O. M. (2017). A Survey on the Reading Trends among Colleges of Education Students in the Information Age. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(8), 106-110.
Kutay, V. (2014). A survey of the reading trends of Turkish high school students and an examination of the efforts to encourage them to read (Doctoral dissertation, Loughborough University).
Littman, J., & Connaway, L. S. (2004). A circulation analysis of print books and e-books in on academic research library. Library resources and technical services, 48(4), 256-262.
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Sehar, N., & Ghaffar, A. (2018). Reading trends among undergraduate students of NED university of engineering and technology, Karachi, Pakistan: a pilot study.
Soroya, S. H., & Ameen, K. (2020). Millennials’ Reading behavior in the digital age: A case study of pakistani university students. Journal of Library Administration, 60(5), 559-577.
Soroya, S. H., & Ameen, K. (2018). What do they want? Millennials and role of libraries in Pakistan. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 44(2), 248-255.
Soroya, S. H., & Ameen, K. (2016). Reading trends of youth in Pakistan: A pilot study. Pakistan Journal of Information Management and Libraries, 17, 86-96.
Stebbins, R. A. (2012). The committed reader: Reading for utility, pleasure, and fulfillment in the twenty-first century. Scarecrow Press.
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Myths or Reality: Pashtun Indigenous Communities Resistance to State Authority in Colonial and Post-Colonial Era
Full text linkPashtun resistance to state authority has been interpreted in light of stereotypical colonial theories in colonial and post-colonial periods. Pashtuns were presented as marshals and wild people who resisted every kind of state authority in the colonial era. Perceptions about Pashtun’s resistance to state authority based on politically motivated stereotypes resonate in the British colonial regime. This study focuses on the stereotypes and myths associated with Pashtun\u27s resistance to state authority in the colonial period and its effect on them in post-colonial periods. The British colonial regime faced resistance in the Pashtun indigenous society (now known as emerged districts). The findings of this study reveal that the Pashtun resistance to state authority is not part of their culture. Pashtun were against the exploitative policies of the British and it was genuine resistance. It reveals that their resistance was labelled as a normative part of their culture to legitimize the oppressive policies in this region. Moreover, in the post-colonial period, Pakistan also applied the same tactics and labelled genuine resistance as part of their culture. Stereotypes associated with Pashtun\u27s resistance to the state should be deconstructed.
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Effect of Online Cooperative Learning on Students’ Academic Achievement at Higher Education Level
Full text linkThis study investigated how cooperative learning affected students\u27 academic performance in an online higher education environment. Its specific goal was to find out whether, in comparison to conventional online learning techniques, including cooperative learning activities could improve academic achievement. An experimental control group with a pre-test and post-test design was used. All students enrolled in the Virtual University of Pakistan\u27s Fall semester undergraduate course "Test Development and Evaluation" were included in the population. A sample of seventy-three students was chosen and split into two groups: a control group consisting of 38 participants and an experimental group consisting of 35 individuals. In order to incorporate cooperative learning into the online learning environment, email-based activities were carried out. The purpose of these activities was to promote cooperation and knowledge exchange among the students in the experimental group. Contrarily, the control group followed the typical online learning protocol, finishing the pre- and post-tests but forgoing the cooperative learning exercises. The achievement exam functioned as the pre-test and post-test tool, enabling researchers to evaluate modifications in students\u27 comprehension and knowledge. To compare the gain scores (the difference between pre- and post-test scores) between the experimental and control groups, parametric statistical analysis was used, most especially t-tests. A specified significance criterion of p < 0.05 was established.
The outcomes were striking. The results of statistical analysis showed that there was a highly significant difference in the gain scores between the two groups, with a p-value of 0.002. When compared to the conventional online learning strategy used in the control group, this indicates that the cooperative learning activities conducted in the experimental group had a favourable and statistically significant impact on student academic achievement. To sum up, this study offers compelling evidence that using cooperative learning techniques in online learning settings can greatly improve students\u27 academic performance. These results support the use of cooperative learning strategies by teachers in online learning environments in order to provide their students with a more engaging and productive learning environment.
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User’s Habits and Attitudes towards Chinese Books Reading in Pakistan
Full text linkReading has always been highly valued as an activity that is essential to total achievement in a variety of spheres of life, including non-academic ones. It is an essential skill that promotes learning and improves each person individually. Because reading habits and attitudes can play a major role in successful learning, there is a lot of interest in this topic. The purpose of this study is to examine how people who live in Pakistan\u27s largest cities read Chinese literature and how they feel about it. In order to conduct a survey study, the research design uses a quantitative research approach. A straightforward random sample technique was used to collect data, and 300 respondents provided information via a standardized questionnaire.
In this study, a pre-tested questionnaire that passed validity and reliability tests was employed. Smith\u27s (1991) Adult Survey of Reading Attitude (ASRA) was somewhat changed. With a computed Cronbach\u27s alpha of 0.79, adequate reliability was established. According to the findings, the participants distributed their free time as follows: 52% spent on the internet, 30% on reading, 7% on games, 0% on sports, and 11% on watching television. The majority read for roughly 1-2 hours (45%), 2-3 hours (41%), 3-4 hours (9%), and 4-5 hours (5%), each day. Preferences for reading materials revealed a shift towards online content, with 50% selecting for newspapers, 20% for online e-books and journals, 11% for textbooks, 11% for comics, and 8% for magazines. The majority of users preferred reading in Urdu (52%) over other languages (3%), English (45%), and other languages. Of the participants, 33% did not affirm reading books or novels, although a sizable portion (67%) did. According to the study, 90% of participants thought that reading books had a significant impact on their learning habits, with only 10% disagreeing. Usage trends showed that 54% of readers were utilizing print media and 45% were reading online. The reading activity (mean = 3.31), enjoyment of reading (mean = 3.79), and anxiety and difficulty (mean = 2.94) were the three areas where reading attitudes were found to be quantitatively analysed. To sum up, the survey offers insightful information on people\u27 reading preferences and perceptions of Chinese novels. The implementation of courses aimed at improving users\u27 reading and communication abilities as well as their comprehension of Chinese culture and language is one of the recommendations.
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Balancing Secularism, Religious Freedom, and Temple Governance in Kerala: Issues and Concerns
No full textTemple played a pivotal role in the socio- cultural political and economic, scenario of the state. There is an on-going battle occurs in the state by political parties for temple control seems to be paradoxical in a secular context. Politicization, trade unionism among temple employees, mismanagement of funds are the direct result of the state control. Devaswom Boards were created for temple governance are fully politicized. The members of temple governing bodies are nominated or elected by the Hindu MLAs and Hindu Ministers in the state cabinet. It is considered as a severe discrimination to the Hindu community when a secular government makes the temple platform for political clashes and pressure game politics. It is noted that the religious institutions of organized religions like Christianity and Islam are free from any such control. The study is concerned with the interference of secular state’s on the management of particular religious institutions and trying to investigate the nature of state control over temple management which is contradictory to the secular concept. Over time, a story takes shape. Tradition, authority, and the desire for independence are entwined. The researcher\u27s conclusions provoke discussion, dispelling myths and providing solutions.
However, a bridge that connects religion and government holds the key to the solution rather than a single voice. a bridge that maintains secular ideals while honouring tradition. This is a timeless tale of faith navigating change, not just the story of Kerala. An appeal for comprehension, for a realm in which the sacred and the profane coexist, so that the murmurs of the past are full of promise for the future.
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Access to Entrepreneurial Finance in Malawi: Challenges and Opportunities for Start-Ups
Full text linkThis study explored the challenges and opportunities surrounding entrepreneurial finance in Malawi, with a focus on enhancing start-up access to funding. The study was conducted at area 25 in Lilongwe, Malawi due to the proximity of place of residence for the researcher. The research utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining a survey of over 100 start-up founders and semi-structured interviews with 15-20 key stakeholders, including entrepreneurs, financial institutions, and policymakers. Quantitative findings indicated that high-interest rates (reported by 82% of respondents), collateral demands (76%), and limited funding avenues are primary barriers to financing. Additionally, the data reveal that family loans (44%) and microfinance institutions (31%) are the predominant funding sources, with limited utilization of traditional banking and venture capital options. Financial literacy among entrepreneurs was also low, with only 37% demonstrating adequate financial knowledge. Qualitative narratives offer a complementary view, with stakeholders emphasizing the reluctance of banks to fund start-ups due to high perceived risks, alongside a cultural tendency toward risk-aversion in investment. However, digital finance emerged as an area of opportunity, with interviewees highlighting mobile banking as a promising solution for rural entrepreneurs. Participants acknowledged government support initiatives but recommended expanded access and improved program design. The findings underscore the need for policies that reduce regulatory burdens on start-ups, encourage private sector engagement, and foster financial literacy training. This study contributes to the literature by providing an integrated perspective on financial inclusion barriers for entrepreneurs in Malawi and suggests that future research should investigate the long-term impacts of digital finance and policy reform on start-up viability and growth.
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Epistemological Schools of Thought and Risk Management Research
Full text linkThe main objective of the study was to provide knowledge on the epistemological schools of thoughts that most appropriately suits risk management research. The researcher then laid out the steps involved in managing risk, like identifying potential dangers, analyzing how likely the researcher are, figuring out how to control them, and then checking how well your plan worked. Next, the researcher looked at specific schools of thought like naturalism (focusing on the physical world), rationalism (using logic and reason), empiricism (based on evidence), idealism (emphasizing ideas), and existentialism (individual experience). By comparing these schools, the researcher showed how each has its strengths and weaknesses. The key takeaway? Don\u27t just stick to one way of thinking about risk! Mix and match different approaches depending on the situation. This will help practitioners and researchers to make risk management research more reliable, accurate, and widely accepted. So, in a nutshell, this research is like a guide for choosing the right tools to navigate the tricky terrain of risk. By understanding different ways of knowing and using them strategically, practitioners and researchers can make better decisions and avoid getting caught off guard.
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The Gig Economy and Automation: Implications for Human Resource Management in Pakistan
Full text linkIn the face of ground-breaking advancements such as automation, artificial intelligence, and the gig economy, the realm of human resource management (HRM) is undergoing a profound transformation. As the nature of work evolves, HRM practices must adapt to ensure both organizational performance and employee well-being. A primary focus of the study is the increasing emphasis on workforce flexibility. The rise of remote work, flexible schedules, and contingent labour has necessitated a shift in HRM practices. This research explores how organizations can effectively manage a diverse workforce while maintaining productivity and employee satisfaction. Additionally, the study examines the impact of job changes, including automation-driven task shifts and the emergence of new roles. It investigates how HR professionals can assist employees in adapting to these changes and acquiring the necessary skills for the future of work. Ethical considerations are also a central theme of this research. With the rise of AI and automation, questions surrounding data privacy, algorithmic bias, and ethical decision-making in the workplace have become increasingly pressing. The study explores the ethical implications of these technologies and provides guidance for HR professionals on developing ethical policies and practices. This research study underscores the critical role of HRM in fostering a productive and supportive work environment. It highlights the need for HR professionals to be strategic partners with business leaders, aligning HR practices with overall organizational goals. By understanding the challenges and opportunities presented by these revolutionary developments, HR professionals can equip their organizations to navigate the complexities of the contemporary workplace and achieve long-term success. This research offers a valuable resource for HR professionals, business executives, and policymakers seeking to understand the changing landscape of HRM and develop effective strategies for managing their workforce in the face of technological advancements and evolving workforce dynamics.
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Ali, Z., & Niaz, A. (2024). Impact of Leadership Styles on the Employees’ Engagement in Private Healthcare Industry of UAE. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 3(1), 7-27.
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Ali, Z. A., Zain, M., Pathan, M. S., & Mooney, P. (2024). Contributions of artificial intelligence for circular economy transition leading toward sustainability: an explorative study in agriculture and food industries of Pakistan. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(8), 19131-19175.
Asif, D. M. (2024). THE COMPLEXITIES OF BIOTERRORISM: CHALLENGES AND CONSIDERATIONS. International Journal of Contemporary Issues in Social Sciences, 3(3), 2175-2184.
Asif, M. (2022). Integration of Information Technology in Financial Services and its Adoption by the Financial Sector in Pakistan. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 1(2), 23-35.
Asif, M. (2021). Contingent Effect of Conflict Management towards Psychological Capital and Employees’ Engagement in Financial Sector of Islamabad. Preston University, Kohat, Islamabad Campus.
Asif, M., Khan, A., & Pasha, M. A. (2019). Psychological capital of employees’ engagement: moderating impact of conflict management in the financial sector of Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, IV, 160-172.
Asif, M., Pasha, M. A., Mumtaz, A., & Sabir, B. (2023). Causes of youth unemployment in Pakistan. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 2(1), 41-50.
Asif, M., Pasha, M. A., Shafiq, S., & Craine, I. (2022). Economic impacts of post COVID-19. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 1(1), 56-65.
Asif, M., & Sandhu, M. S. (2023). Social Media Marketing Revolution in Pakistan: A Study of its Adoption and Impact on Business Performance. Journal of Business Insight and Innovation, 2(2), 67-77.
Asif, M., & Shaheen, A. (2022). Creating a High-Performance Workplace by the determination of Importance of Job Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, and Leadership. Journal of Business Insight and Innovation, 1(2), 9-15.
Asif, M., Pasha, M. A., Shafiq, S., & Craine, I. (2022). Economic impa{Asif, 2023 #79}cts of post COVID-19. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 1(1), 56-65.
Asghar, R. J., Qayyum, A., Zaheer, A., Mughal, A., & Khalid, S. (2011). Implementation of HR Practices in University Teachers of Pakistan. Information Management and Business Review, 3(3), 148-157.
Asghar, R. J., Shah, M. U. Z. A. M. M. E. L., & Khan, J. A. (2021). Big Five Personality Traits and Training Transfer: Does Organizational Politics Matters. International Review of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9(4), 457-469.
Aurangzeb, M. A. (2021). Role of Leadership in Digital Transformation: A Case of Pakistani SMEs.
Aurangzeb, A. (2021). M., & Amin, MK (2021). Resources management and SME\u27s performance. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 9(3), 679-689.
Aurangzeb, M., Tunio, M., Rehman, Z., & Asif, M. (2021). Influence of administrative expertise on human resources practitioners on the job performance: Mediating role of achievement motivation. International Journal of Management, 12(4), 408-421.
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Pragmatic Framing in Selected Online News Reports on Nigeria’s 2023 Presidential Elections
Full text linkThis research analyses framing of news reports about Nigeria’s 2023 presidential elections. With textual evidence, it examines the pragmatic implications of language selections by some Nigerian journalists in the context of national elections. It contributes to the understanding of linguistic techniques used by journalists in the global South as a resource guide for the use of English as a second language. The study employed Mey’s (2016) and Searle’s (1969) theories for analysis. The corpus of the study consists of excerpts from six online news publications. Textual analysis established characteristic use of language by the selected journalists, grounded on the premise that journalists are guided by principles such as truth, accuracy, and fairness in their practice. However, being embedded in the Nigerian society where ethnic and religious divisions are rife, these factors may influence their practice. As such, their reportage may be framed by preconceived notions of cultural, ethnic and religious loyalties. Specifically, texts were examined for unattributed point of views, opinions, and utterances outside the territory of information of the journalist. With salient language selections and choice of sources, the reporters frame news towards a particular stance on socio-political issues. Findings revealed journalistic use of language in the study to be reflective of pragmatic strategies such as formal terms of address signifying cultural deference, the use of honorifics such as traditional titles, reflects Nigerian traditional values, politeness, and courtesy, while metaphorical expressions represent elections as a competitive sport or warfare where victors emerge and losers are vanquished.
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Impact of Leadership Styles on the Employees’ Engagement in Private Healthcare Industry of UAE
No full textThe healthcare industry is a critical sector that requires a highly engaged workforce to deliver quality patient care. Effective leadership plays a crucial role in fostering employee engagement, which in turn contributes to organizational success. This research investigates the impact of leadership styles on employee engagement in the private healthcare industry of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from a representative sample of employees working in private healthcare institutions across the UAE. The questionnaire assesses employee perceptions of their leaders\u27 leadership styles and their own level of engagement. Employing rigorous regression analyses and drawing on data from a diverse sample of 357 health care professionals working in private sector, the results of this research shed light on the complex relationship between leadership styles and employee engagement. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between democratic leadership style and employee engagement. Democratic leaders inspire and motivate their followers, fostering a sense of purpose and commitment among employees. This leadership style encourages creativity, innovation, and a shared vision, leading to higher levels of engagement and organizational performance. In contrast, authoritative leadership styles have less positive impact on employee engagement and laissez-faire leader style have the least impact on their followers and their subordinates. The study concludes that democratic leadership style is the most effective style for enhancing employee engagement in the private healthcare industry of the UAE. By fostering a supportive and empowering work environment, transformational leaders can cultivate a highly engaged workforce that contributes to improved patient care and organizational success.
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