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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRUCIAL SOIL VARIABLES AND SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS IN ANNUAL AND PERMANENT FARMING CULTIVATION SYSTEMS IN CENTRAL EUROPE
Get PDFSoil is the key resource for agriculture and horticulture. Most of our food production depends on this resource. The aim of the research is to evaluate the state of the soils and their fertility in fruit and vegetable field cultivation in central Europe. To achieve this goal, the status of 77 soil samples from 18 pilot farms was recorded. We investigated the relationship between different soil properties and analysed the influence of two types of field cultivation on soil microbial biomass. We differentiate between permanent cultures (apple orchards, PF) and yearly changing vegetable and arable cultures (AF). The results obtained indicate differences in the soil properties. Deficits regarding soil fertility could be observed. Soil pH values range from 3.9 to 7.5 in arable crops and from 5.3 to 7.3 in apple crops. The fluctuation range of the soil chemical and physical parameters is larger in the soils of the annual crops. No significant difference could be detected between the content of organic matter; both the total microbial biomass and the bacterial and fungal biomass in the soil organic carbon (SOC) were significantly higher in permanent crops. A high negative correlation was found between microbial biomass and sand content. The correlation analysis showed that SOC and total nitrogen (TN) were strongly correlated (R2 = 0.71). Pb and Cu show a negative correlation with sand but a positive correlation with adsorption on silt and clay. We suggest that the soil organic matter was the main reason for the increase in microbial biomass. It influences the soil physicochemical properties, especially nutrient availability and heavy metal content. Based on the determined current status, the derivation of individual area-specific measures should maintain and increase soil fertility and biodiversity. These measures are to be implemented in pilot farms, and their success in improving and maintaining good soil vitality is to be analysed and documented in the future
ENHANCEMENT OF E-COMMERCE WITH INTEGRATION OF POSTAL SERVICES AND E-WALLET SERVICES, ALBANIA CASE STUDY
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to provide a general overview of the use of e-commerce in Albania. The article emphasizes the conditions of e-commerce implementation by SME-s, the problems that are faced with the e-commerce solution that has been available in the Albanian market by the IT companies, the lack of integration of e-commerce with other services like online payments used in Albania, shipping of articles with an acceptable cost by companies that operate in the local market and the quality of service that has been introduced to the market. Pre-covid usage of e-commerce in Albania has been moderate. Before covid-19, the businesses that have implemented an e-commerce solution were the ones founded by the young generation. During the pandemic, e-commerce took a significant development. The demand to have e-commerce increased significantly in the market. SMEs saw the implementation of an e- commerce solution as a channel that would help them survive during the pandemic. In this paper, we are proposing a solution that resolved the problems faced with the e-commerce service in Albania. The most suitable solution that was seen in the provision of e-commerce service is through the Albanian Post. The Albania Post is specialized in banking, financial, and transport services. Institutions like State Posts that offer the above mention services are the institutions that could truly support SME-s by offering the e-commerce solution based on the software as a service architecture, integrated with all the above services. The SME-s receive a complete e-commerce solution with integrated services for shipping and payments with low costs, and the Albanian Post gains fees from the transactions that are generated by the e-commerce platform
THE PORTRAYAL OF TEACHERS AS REFLECTED IN POPULAR MEDIA CARICATURES
Get PDFThe decline of teachers’ self and public esteem is a result of intertwined causes such as the strengthening of skeptical trends and the narrowing of the knowledge gap between generations. Hence, teachers can no longer maintain an agreed-upon social position and are subject to constant criticism which undermines their status. The aim of the current research was to examine the image and status of teachers as reflected in popular caricatures. To this end, both content analysis and semiology methods were applied. Key finding show that most of the inventory includes caricatures implying the victimhood of teachers
ALCOHOL ABUSE IN PARENTAL BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS AS A THREAT TO THE SOCIALIZATION OF CHILDREN
Get PDFAlcohol abuse is one of the most often threats people challenge in contemporary society. This article focuses on problematic ways of educating children about alcohol abuse, such as drinking alcohol in the presence of children, getting drunk in the presence of children, storing alcohol in an open place, and giving alcohol to children. In our research, 1,276 (51.02 %) of 2,501 parents reported that they at least occasionally drink alcohol in the presence of their children. 837 (33.47 %) parents sometimes gave alcohol to children or young less than 18 years old. Even 361 parents (14.43 %) gave alcohol to their children younger than 15. 455 (18.19 %) parents were seen by children when they were drunk. 1081 (43.22 %) parents store alcohol in feely accessible places. Alcohol is given to children significantly more often by person who is not engaged in the upbringing of a child in a shared household. Gender differences in this behaviour are significant, men are more prone to this behaviour. Changing the social climate in relation to alcohol is clearly a long-term task and will require intensive social, educational, medical and media support
APPLICATION OF MEDIA IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL LANGUAGE STUDIES
Get PDFThe article reviews the concept of media, excluding social media, discusses their features, and presents the possibilities of their application in learning professional terminology. The research methods selected were analysis of scientific literature, analysis of documents, and a written questionnaire survey of the students of higher education institutions. The results of the study are based on the data of the analysis of the survey. The study revealed a favourable assessment of the use of virtual learning environments for professional language learning
BRIEF REPORT: PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONGST IDENTIFIED ALCOHOLICS
Get PDFThe aim of the study was thus to explore the perceptions and experiences of students related to their alcohol use at emerging tertiary institutions in South Africa. A qualitative approach utilising an exploratory phenomenological design was utilised. The research used a purposive sample of 10 students who attended a counselling clinic, because of their alcohol use. This consisted of 6 males and 4 females between the ages of 18 and 22 years. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. Three themes arose naturally out of the data namely: 1) I don’t drink too much; 2) Experiences of drinking alcohol and 3) People should ‘mind their own business’. Findings included that both male and female students in the sample often drank alcohol to excess but seemed unaware of the negative implications of doing so in terms of both their academic and social lives. Moreover, some students had sexual encounters when under the influence and did not use protection making them vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Additionally, some of the sample had negative family interactions. It seemed that students generally drank to boost their self-esteem. Recommendations included ongoing programmes at the university to inform students about the effects of alcohol on their health and wellbeing
OIL SPILLS IN THE OCEANS: MEANING, CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES, CONTROL MEASURES AND METHODS OF ELIMINATION
Get PDFThis paper classifies possible sources of oil and oil products spills, possible risks of oil spills during its production on land and offshore, as well as during storage and transportation of oil and oil products due to accidents. An overview of existing techniques and sorbents for the elimination of hydrocarbons from the water surface is given, their characteristics and the principle of operation of devices that are currently used for elimination of oil spills are studied. An original method for liquidating hydrocarbon spills using a natural sorbent - natural sheep wool - has been proposed. The carried out fluorescent diagnostics of the process of water purification from oil contamination with a sorbent based on sheep wool showed that wool absorbs up to 61% of oil, depending on its initial concentration and the amount of sorbent
MATERIALS AND METHODS FOR CRIMINALISTICS
Get PDFFinding connections between materials and methods for criminalistic is a very important, but difficult to solve problem both in criminalistic itself and outside of it. While the field of methods in criminalistic is partially covered theoretically - relatively well, for example, in several textbooks and monographs devoted to the methodology of criminalistic, there is no systematic work on the materials. This is also the main reason why the authors tried to address at least the issue of methods in this "starting work". At the beginning, we will try to explain what criminalistic is and what its functions are, so that we can characterize its structure and what place criminalistics methods occupy in it. According to the results of our long-term research, we will outline a system of criminalistics methods significantly different from the classic criminalistics methodology. It was based on the preference for investigation, as a legal processual procedure that limited the entire criminalistic. The change of opinions about the object, the subject and the system of methods of criminalistic has its consequences in the openness of criminalistic, as well as in its own methodological development. At the same time, it will enable better use of knowledge about the variety of materials that can be used in criminalistics investigation in the future
STUDY OF THE FERMENTATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL WORT- BASED BEVERAGES WITH OR WITHOUT LEMON ESSENTIAL OIL
Get PDFWort can be used as a basis for functional soft drinks production due to its high content of fibres, vitamins and antioxidants. In the present work, the fermentation of wort produced with 60% Pilsen malt, 20% Vienna malt and 20% Caramel Munich ІІ malt with or without the addition of 0.05% (v/v) lemon essential oil was studied. Fermentations were carried out at a constant temperature of 10 °C with the probiotic yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii Y1. The dynamics of the extract, the alcohol content and the concentration of viable cells were monitored. Essential oil had negative impact on the extract consumption and ethanol production, but did not affect the biomass growth. The total phenolic content, phenolic acid and flavonoid phenolic compounds were determined because of their antioxidant activity. At the end of the fermentation the beverage with essential oil showed higher concentration of total phenolic content, phenolic acid and flavonoid phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity was determined by the radical scavenging assay (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The DPPH radical scavenging activities were almost equal for both functional beverages but the results from FRAP assay were higher for the beverage produced with lemon essential oil
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ENDOPHYTIC INSECT PATHOGEN FUNGUS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRESSIVE MATERIAL IN TOMATO CROP
Get PDFThe present study refers to the effect of endophytic insect pathogenic fungus on the growth of tomato crops. It can colonize a wide variety of plants and can cause increased plant growth and protect against parasites (Canassa, 2019). Specifically, the fungus used is Beauveria bassiana Balsamo (Vuillemin) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) after isolation in target insects, which is considered insect pathogenic and endophytic. The aim is to investigate the effect of the insect pathogenic fungus as endophytic on the growth of plants belonging to important crop vegetables, such as tomatoes. The study is of great significance, as the evidence of the use of the fungus with this technique will be used as an innovativeeconomic strategy for the improvement and growth of plants without additional nutrients (Tall and Meyling, 2018). It is defined as a biological treatment other than systematic human intervention since Beauveria bassiana spends all or part of its life cycle intracellularly or/and between cells forming colonies in healthy tissues of their host plants typically without causing obvious disease symptoms (Wilson, 1995)