Scholastic: Journal of Natural and Medical Education
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Prevalence of Diseases of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
No full textIn most cases, patients with community-acquired pneumonia have inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses, as well as in patients who have had a history of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract several weeks and months ago. When examining such patients with rhinosinusitis, the functions of the nose and paranasal sinuses are impaired, which in turn leads to the activation of opportunistic microflora, which increases the adhesion of pathogenic microorganisms to the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and creates favorable conditions for microbial colonization. It is known that viruses have a bronchotropic effect, manifested by damage to the epithelium and a violation of the trophism of the bronchi due to damage to the nerve conductors. Under the influence of the general toxic effect of the virus, phagocytosis is inhibited, immunological protection is impaired, as a result, favorable conditions are created for the entry of pathogenic bacterial flora located in the upper respiratory tract into the bronchi and alveoli of the lungs, which to a large extent contributes to the development of diseases of the lower respiratory tract
Correlation Between Delayed Speech and Hearing Loss by Using Auditory Brainstem Response Test
No full textThis study aimed to know the correlation between delayed speech and hearing loss by using auditory brainstem response test. Fifty people between the ages of 17 and 52 years were participated in this study. Patients, families of patients, and those travelling to the clinic for pre-employment testing in Baghdad all played roles in the selection process. Each participant provided written informed consent before participation. Participants were split into two categories for this study: The first group, the control, had 15 people with no known systemic disorders and normal peripheral hearing on both sides (hearing threshold level 25 dB at any frequency between 250 and 8000 Hz). People with preexisting health conditions (such as endocrine, cardiovascular, renal, or neurological complaints) or a history of otological illness were not included in the study. Group 2: Thirty-five people with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (hearing threshold does not exceed 60 dB even at single frequency in the 250-8000 Hz range) were tested. They did not suffer from any endocrine, cardiovascular, renal, or neurological disorders. Conditions such as unilateral or asymmetrical hearing loss, conductive or mixed hearing loss, middle ear diseases, and the suspicion of retrocochlear lesions will rule out a patient from participation. There was a total of 15 participants in the control group, split evenly between 2 men and 13 women. They were between the ages of 17 and 52. Pure tone thresholds averaged 10.22 ±1.04 dB (right ear) and 10.13±1.09 dB (left ear), respectively. All participants in the control group had word discrimination scores of 1000.00% in both ears, and their auditory reflex thresholds were within the normal range. The G2 trial group had 35 participants, 17 men and 18 females of similar ages to the control group. All individuals exhibited bilateral mild to severe SNHL (23 mild cases and 12 moderate cases). Hearing loss might last anywhere from one year to fifteen years. The average and standard deviation of pure tone thresholds were 39.71 and 13.54 decibels in the right and left ears, respectively. The right ear scored 95.8±6.01% on the word discrimination test, whereas the left ear scored 96.41±5.33%. Hearing thresholds and acoustic reflex thresholds both were within normal range
A Study of The Effect of Using Topical Corticosteroids on The Face of Iraqi Patients Between The Ages of 15 Years and 40 Years
No full textBackground:
Numerous dermatological conditions have been treated using topical corticosteroids (TCS). However, due to unintentional usage, TCS abuse has emerged as a widespread issue for dermatologists throughout the globe.
Objective:
This paper aims to study the effect of using topical corticosteroids on the face of Iraqi patients between the ages of 15 years and 40 years.
Patients and methods:
This paper encountered to study the effect of using topical corticosteroids on the face of Iraqi patients between the ages of 15 years and 40 years. To follow up of the study methodology, this paper was processed of data with 104 patients in different hospitals in Iraq for ages under 40 years from 17th July 2021 to 24th February 2022. Our study was analysed and progresses of data methodology by the SPSS program.
Discussion:
Males outnumbered girls in the current survey, contrary to earlier American investigations where the proportion of females was stated to be considerably greater. Moreover, acne aggravation, come-done development, or acneiform eruption were the most frequent side effects identified in the research, followed by topical steroid-dependent facies (TSDF) with steroid-modified dermatophytosis. In addition, this is consistent with a prior study carried out in California. Even though some female patients (16%) used TCS as part of their regular skin care regimen without having any skin conditions, the percentage of these patients was quite low in the current study. Drug combinations were the most often employed TCS compositions, followed by steroids and antibiotics.
Conclusion:
Topical corticosteroids, such as top steroids, commonly known as TOP steroids, have been linked to adverse cutaneous reactions. The facial dermatitis, which manifests as severe erythema and can mimic rosacea, is caused by using high-potency topical corticosteroids to the face. It can affect the cheek area as well as the perioral and perinasal regions. The primary treatment action following diagnosis is stopping the high-potency corticosteroid
Morgellons Disease and its Consequences
No full textMorgellons disease is a distorted copy of the English “Morgellons”, which appeared in the domestic media in 2002. This medical term refers to a disease that American Mary Leitao discovered in her son. Manifestations are varied - the feeling of insects crawling under the skin, itching, non-healing scratching
Identification of types of anemia and its prevention in Bukhara region
No full textIn the article acase of anemia among the prevalence and the diagnosis of the primary conditions it zveno, early detection, prevention, and the modern aspects of the study on research work from the get go was. Thus, iron deficiency anemia , and chronic diseases in the next anemia in combination may occur and these disorders in serum iron, ferritine and C-reactive protein of any change to open given
Morphological Aspects of the Liver of White Outbred Rats After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Caused Experimentally in the Form of a Road Accident
No full textThe study was conducted on 60 white outbred rats 3 months of age. The fixed animals were accelerated on a vehicle made by hand in the form of a vehicle on wheels, and hit a wooden barrier with the frontal part of the head. As a result of this experiment, 16 white rats died on the spot. All dead rats during the experiment were instantly decapitated by decapitation. After opening the abdominal cavity, the liver was removed. The seized liver was examined and studied, and its dimensions were measured in the prescribed manner. The liver was fixed in Bouin's solution and embedded in paraffin according to generally accepted rules. Next, histological sections were prepared with a thickness of 6-7 μm, which were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Morphometric studies of the liver tissue were performed under an NLCD-307B microscope. In 3-month-old rats, the total thickness of the liver wall in its various ranges remained unchanged, but some changes in the tissue structures of the liver were revealed
The Results of Cancer Treatment of the Oral Cavity Tumors in the Republic of Uzbekistan
No full textIn cancer of the oral mucosa and oropharynx, lymphogenous metastases occur in 30-80% of cases. According to the authors, neck metastases in cancer of the anterior half of the tongue are diagnosed in 35-45%, and in cancer of the posterior parts of the tongue in 70-75% of cases. With cancer of the movable part of the tongue - in 46.9%, with cancer of the tongue root - in 68.5% of cases. The frequency of regional metastasis depends not only on the localization of the primary tumor, but also on the histological differentiation, tumor size, prevalence in adjacent anatomical areas and formation
Adverse Environmental Conditions Affecting the Human Immune System
No full textthe article reveals the influence of unfavorable environmental conditions on the immune system of some mammals. The important directions of immunobiology are analyzed. An important direction in immunobiology is the study of the influence of chemical and physical factors on the body's immune system, the normal functioning of which ensures homeostasis of the internal environment of the body. The immune system is very sensitive to various adverse environmental factors .Special attention is paid to physical, chemical environmental factors that can lead to negative processes in the body of experimental rats
Immunological Function of Intestinal Microflora, Morphological Features, Its Disorders and Correction Possibilities
No full textThe article presents modern data indicating that normal microflora plays an important role in the development of the intestinal immune system. Intestinal microorganisms stimulate the maturation of intestinal lymphoid tissue, the synthesis of secretory immunoglobulin A, activate phagocytosis, stimulate the cytokine and interferon system. It is of interest to discuss the phenomenon of tolerance, which is of great importance for the formation of a stable micro-biocenosis. Probiotics are increasingly being used for the controlled formation or restoration of abnormal micro-biocenosis. Confirmation of the beneficial properties of each strain of probiotic culture in controlled clinical trials is recognized as one of the key requirements for probiotics
Increasing of Hydroturbine Efficiency
No full textThe article deals with the issues of hydropower, analyzes the working process of the Kaplan hydroturbine, identifies its shortcomings, which do not make it possible to maximize its efficiency. To improve the efficiency of the hydraulic turbine, a new schematic diagram of the hydraulic turbine is proposed, which differs from the well-known Kaplan hydroturbine in that the radius of the impeller blades, its casing gradually increases in the direction of water movement, and the elevation angle of the blade plane decreases, and the radius of the impeller hub also decreases so that the “living” section of the hydroturbine increases correspondingly to a decrease in the speed of water movement. Bearings are located at both ends of the RK-a shaft, which improves its performance, and the radius of the suction pipe is increased, which in turn increases its efficiency