Scholastic: Journal of Natural and Medical Education
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Rare Non-Tumor Diseases of the Pharynx and Larynx
No full textSome inflammatory systemic and non-systemic diseases of the pharynx and larynx can clinically simulate the course of the tumor process. In these cases, the computed tomography method provides a comprehensive examination of patients, significantly adding information to the endoscopic picture. 4 clinical cases are presented, united by common aspects: suspicion of a tumor process and the absence of typical computed tomography symptoms characteristic of a tumor lesion. IgG4-related sclerosing disease, rheumatoid arthritis, amyloidosis and actinomycosis are rare conditions, however they should be included in the differential diagnosis. In this regard, knowledge of the radiation characteristics of these rare nosological forms will be useful to a practicing specialist
Features of Diagnostics and Treatment of Drug-Resistant Forms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
No full textThe prevalence of MDR -tuberculosis has increased by 5.9 times over the past 14 years. A serious problem for the TB service, only in a quarter of the newly detected bacterial excretors, due to poor laboratory equipment, the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the diagnostic material was determined by the cultural method, which means that in 3/4 of the newly detected bacterial excretors there is no possibility of determining the drug sensitivity of the pathogen, and such patients are treated without determining sensitivity to anti-tuberculosis drugs. These data indicate that at present there are a number of obstacles to the effective fight against tuberculosis, where drug resistance (DR) of MBT to anti-tuberculosis drugs, as well as the state of the immunobiological forces of the body is the main ones
Detection of the Capsule Production, Biofilm formation in Escherichia coli isolated from different sources in Kirkuk city
No full textThis study was carriedf out in Kirkuk city from November 2021 to April 2022. The study included,v155 specimens of patients (50) urine specimens , (55 ) sputum specimens,( 25) wound specimens and (25) burn specimens ,who attended Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk city. This study came to identify some virulence factors for Escherichia coli, four kinds of specimens were collected from patients, Smear samples were placed in sterile collection tubes containing transport media, and then transported to the laboratory for culture on different selective media for identification. the Bacterial isolates were diagnosed using traditional methods, the results showed that (37) bacterial isolates were biofilm-producing, by various grades, so (13) isolates formed the biofilm with a strong adherent grades,. , (18) isolates forming a biofilm with a moderately adherent, and (6) isolates forming a biofilm with a weakly adherent grades, ,as the results showed that (29) bacterial isolates had the capsule. The Antimicrobial Agents test results showed that 42 (100%) isolates were resistants to Amoxicillin, 41 (98%) isolates were resistants to Cefotaxime, 35 (83%) isolates were resistants to Cefexime, and 34 (81%) were resistants to the Cefepime,33 (78%) isolates were resistants to the Ceftriaxone,, (27) (64%) isolates were resistants to the Gentamicin, and 26 (62%) isolates were resistants to the Doxycycline (24) (57%), isolate was resistants’ to the Amikacin, And 10 (24%) isolates were resistants to Imipenem ,and 16 (38%) isolates were resistants to Levofloxaci
Premature Birth and Hereditary Diseases in Children Detection Software
No full textPresident of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev by his decree of December 25, 2018-2022 early detection of congenital and hereditary diseases in children during the years of the state program. 2.1 at the primary health care level in 2013-2017. more than a million pregnant women were examined, 65 thousand of them-the fetus pregnancy was suspended due to the detection of congenital malformations
Radioprotectors and Medicine
No full textRadioprotectors are very essential for treating various diseases which related with ionization. 
Scoliotic Changes in Morphometric Parameters of Children and Adolescents
No full textThe study studied the morphometric changes in body parts of 100 boys and 120 girls 10 years old with scoliosis and compared with healthy children (n=240, 100 boys and 140 girls). It was established that scoliosis leads to violations of not only the functions of the musculoskeletal system, but also the development of negative shifts in anthropometric parameters
Serum Vitamin D Concentrations in CoVID19 Patients
No full textBackground and purpose: Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Iran. Death toll due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is high in this country. The purpose of the present investigation was to provide more information on the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D in confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Iraq.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in COVID-19 patients (n=80) attending Al-Mahmoudia Hospital, Iraq 2020, who were confirmed for COVID-19 infection with CT-Scan or RT-PCR. Seventy healthy individuals were also examined as the control group. SPSS V19 was applied for data analysis.
Results: In this study, 80 patients with COVID-19 (mean age: 57.22 ± 17.44 years old) and 70 healthy individuals (mean age: 48.69 ± 12.99 years) were studied. There were 38 and 35 males in these two groups, respectively. Serum Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with COVID-19 than those in the control group (18.72 ± 12.53 vs. 30.86 ± 15.19 ng/ml, P< 0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed that serum levels of Vitamin D were lower in patients with COVID-19 than healthy individuals and frequency of Vitamin D deficiency was higher in these patients. Hence, further studies are needed to clarify the role of serum Vitamin D concentrations in patients with COVID-19 infectio
Study of Food Indication Label of milk Available in Local Markets
No full textThe study aims to determine the amount of compliance with the standards for packaged and canned food as well as the food labeling information for a few local milk products that were imported and sold in Karbala's local markets. The findings showed that the indication label for all products made in Iran included some information in Arabic or English, or both, about the product name, type, production date, and conditions for storage and components, but it omitted information regarding the country of origin, make, and weight, as well as information regarding the expiration date, a health warning, and nutritional value.
 
A Rare Case from Practice: Strangulated Perineal Hernia
No full textThe article describes a rare case of strangulated perineal hernia in a woman. Brief anatomy of the pelvic floor. The clinical picture was characterized by intestinal obstruction. The patient underwent surgery after preliminary preoperative preparation and examination
The Competence-Based Curriculum in Nursing Education: A Guarantee for Nurse Student Critical Thinking Development
No full textA critical literature review on nursing standards of practice reveals that critical thinking is crucial for professional nursing. But from the researcher experience and observations, practising nurses in Cameroon don’t show enough evidence in the mastery of such a fundamental dimension of nursing, although Cameroon has experienced the university nursing education since 2000. Today, Bachelors, Masters, and PhDs are trained in Cameroon universities. A glance on the nursing records in many hospitals, when they exist, shows usually only biological parameters, dressings and drug treatments. Practising nurses seem to limit themselves to the application of medical prescriptions. In some hospitals, it is still scarce to find a nursing file to document nursing interventions, nor is there a nursing care plan. This is why the objective of this article is to suggest a model of curriculum design that can foster critical thinking for nurse students during their training and, once in the field they can meet the international standards. To attain this objective the researcher critically reviewed the history of nursing curriculum and some concepts like curriculum and competence. From a theorical analysis the researcher found that competence-based curriculum in nursing education is the guarantee of nurse student critical thinking development. The competence-based curriculum in nursing education relies on principles of curriculum content organisation as suggested by Ornstein and Hunkins (1988) with two basic dimensions: the horizontal and vertical dimensions. It also relies on the implications of the elaboration theory as proposed by Reigeluth (1979), with its seven components: sequencing, organisation, summary, synthesis, analogy, cognitive strategy activation and learner control