Scholastic: Journal of Natural and Medical Education
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Ultrasonic Examination in the Diagnostics of Obturational Intestinal Obstruction
No full textTraditional radiation diagnostic methods are in some cases uninformative, and the availability of computed tomography is limited . To date, there are no objective criteria for predicting the effectiveness of conservative therapy. The use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute small bowel obstruction is justified from a tactical point of view, since it is not delayed in time, does not weigh down the patient's condition, has sufficient information and does not carry radiation load. Due to its safety and ease of use, this technique can be used repeatedly in the process of conservative treatment to determine further treatment tactics
Treatment of Triggeral Helmintosis in Children and Adolescents Using Folk Medicine
No full textA worm or helminth can be a parasite and cause great harm to a child's body. Some of its species can restore the whole body by injecting into the blood. Worms in a child should be identified and treated in time
Traditional African Food: An Introduction
No full textAfrica is the second largest continent in the world after Asia. Africa is the cradle of mankind with cultural diversity. It is home to incredible wildlife and all kinds of unique, healthy, and delicious foods. It is a continent rich in resources, especially food-related products. As multiple nations and cultures make up Africa, the cuisine is each nation changes considerably. Trying to capture the entirety of the continent’s eating culture is next to impossible. We only use some countries as typical examples. This paper presents an overview on African foods
Nutritional Obesity in Adolescent Girls Promising Steps in Therapy
No full textIn childhood and adolescence, we can talk about predictors of reproductive disorders, one of which is overweight. It is impossible to get rid of obesity with the help of medications, and therefore their prescription is auxiliary and is an addition to diet and exercise
Development of the Vestibular Apparatus of 6-7-Year-Old Gymnasts
No full textTo study the functional status of some parameters of the cardio-respiratory system of gymnasts engaged in rhythmic gymnastics on the basis of anthropometric methods, the level of physical development of gymnasts aged 12-14 years to study cardio-respiratory and physiological changes during training
Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of Hypoplasia of the Optic Nerve
No full textActuality. Congenital defects of the optic disc are the main risk factor for blindness and vision loss in 5-6% of cases in different countries, and the rate of detection of congenital defects of the optic organ is 2-4%. In turn, genetic changes lead to the development of blindness in children in 50% of cases.
Goals and objectives. The aim of the study is to determine the specific clinical aspects of deprivation in children with congenital defects of the optic disc.
Material and methods. The scientific research work was carried out in 2022-2023 in the city children's clinical hospital №1. During the study, electrophysiological examination and optical coherence tomography were performed in 70 (118 eyes) pediatric patients aged 3 to 18 years with a diagnosis of congenital hypoplasia of the optic disc (Q14.2) and 20 healthy children (40 eyes). the results were analyzed. From the electrophysiological methods of examination, visual evoked potentials (VEP) were conducted on the "Neuron-Spektr 4/VPM" equipment, and the thickness of retinal nerve fibers was evaluated on the optical computer tomography ("Stratus" OST-3 "Carl Zeiss Meditec"). The obtained results were based on the Student's t-criterion. a comprehensive analysis was carried out. The difference between means was considered statistically significant when p≤0.05.
Results and discussion. One-sided decrease in the amplitude of VEP R100 was noted in 75.3% of patients, bilateral decrease in 24.7% of patients. A monocular decrease in amplitude indicated a unilateral prechiasmal level of the lesion, while a bilateral decrease indicated a bilateral disease. As a result of the comparative analysis, it was found that the indicators of visual acuity and retinal nerve fiber thickness (RNFL) thickness are directly related to each other: the lower the total average thickness of RNFL of the injured eye, the lower the visual acuity. A statistically significant reduction in the diameter of the ONH (1.94±0.30 vs. 1.29±0.31 in normal) and physiological expansion (0.32±0.26 in normal vs. 0.65±0.41) was observed in KNG. In accordance with the above, it was observed that their area also decreased.
Conclusions. The importance of optical coherence tomography and electroretinogram in early detection of clinical signs of deprivation has been proven once again in situations where the objective evaluation of the doctor is difficult, when young children cannot give a subjective assessment of their condition with the help of neurophysiological and neurovisual examination methods
Immunological Features of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients with Drug Resistance
No full textCurrently, the main threat to the effectiveness of measures aimed at improving the epidemic situation is the spread of tuberculosis caused by drug-resistant mycobacteria (MBT). Tuberculosis with multidrug-resistant MBT (MDR-tuberculosis), when resistance to the most effective first-line anti-TB drugs - rifampicin and isoniazid, is detected, has been registered in almost all countries. These data indicate that at present there are a number of obstacles to the effective fight against tuberculosis, where drug resistance (DR) of MBT to anti-tuberculosis drugs, as well as the state of the immunobiological forces of the body is the main ones.
Under these conditions, the problem of increasing the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, taking into account the characteristics of immunobiological properties in various variants of the course of tuberculosis in newly diagnosed patients, becomes highly relevant. Understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of the inflammatory response in different variants of the course of tuberculosis is a necessary prerequisite for improving the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with tuberculosis by targeting these mechanisms. The literature provides data on certain aspects of the systemic inflammatory response in the human body in pulmonary tuberculosis. However, a comprehensive study of immunobiological properties in newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the intensive phase of treatment has not yet been carried out. This knowledge is important in the development of schemes and methods of pathogenetic therapy aimed at improving the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. All of the above was the basis for the present study
High Performance Natural Gas Treatment Technology
No full textEnsuring the reliability of operation and production safety of oil and gas facilities in modern society is the most important task. Recently, interest has appeared in the use of reagentless methods to reduce corrosive activity and to change the rheological properties of transported water and water-oil mixtures, for example, the use of physical influences. In particular, processing of permanent and variable magnetic field of liquids transported through pipelines allows changing their corrosive and rheological properties
Histopathological and Biochemical Toxic Alterations in Heart Tissue of Rats Exposed to Conventional Cigarette
No full textThe present experimental study was carried out to identify histopathological and biochemical alterations in the hearts of rats exposed to conventional cigarette vapour. The methods included the use of 50 well-acclimated (25 treated and 25 control) rats for the personnel and laboratory procedures. The rats were subjected for 40 days (twice a day) to conventional cigarette vapour. After the end of the experimental exposure, the rats were sacrificed to prepare myocardial tissue-based microscopic slides. The blood albumin and cholesterol levels of the rats exposed to cigarette smoke were found to be significantly lower (p˂ 0.05) than those of the control animals. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations increased significantly (p˂0.05) in the smoking-treated group's liver enzyme profile (AST). When compared to that from the control animals, the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a marker of tissue damage, substantially (p˂0.05) increased in the cigarette-smoke-exposed rats. The histopathological outcome demonstrated the presence of swelling of the myocardial fibres. The indications revealed the occurrence of some vacuoles within the heart tissues. In addition, there was an increase in the oedema-originated spaces between the myocardial fibres. Moreover, unambiguous evidence of blood vessel-related light congestion. Furthermore, the light microscopy displayed the clear presence of myocardial fibres with an irregular pattern. The results, unveiled here, may indicate some dangerous effects of the vapour produced by conventional smoking on the myocardial tissues of Lab rats as indicated by the changes in the biochemical parameters and histopathological features
Structural Changes of the Kidneys in Chronic Alcohol Intoxication
No full textIn many scientific studies, the nature of pathomorphological changes in the kidneys in chronic alcoholism in rats has been studied experimentally. The longer the intoxication lasts, the more the kidneys are damaged and homeostatic changes are more pronounced in young rats