Pubmedia Journal Series (Education)
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An Analysis of Conditional Sentence Errors Made by Eleventh-Grade Students of the Tourism Services Department at SMKN 1 Samarinda
No full textThis study focuses on learners’ errors in using English conditional sentences. The objectives of this research were to identify the types of errors made by the eleventh-grade students of the Tourism Services Department at SMKN 1 Samarinda in using conditional sentences and to determine the most frequent type of error. This study employed a descriptive qualitative research design. The population consisted of 30 eleventh-grade students of the Tourism Services Department at SMKN 1 Samarinda in the academic year 2025/2026, and all students were taken as the sample. The instrument used was a written completion-type test on conditional sentences. The data were analyzed descriptively using illustrations, facts, statements, tables, frequencies, and percentages. The findings revealed that the students made two main types of errors: morphological and syntactical errors. These errors included mistakes in using modal auxiliaries, suffixes -s, main verb forms, and tenses. Based on error classification, the errors fell into omission, addition, and misformation, with misformation errors occurring most frequently. In terms of conditional sentence types, past unreal conditional sentences showed the highest error percentage (52.34%), followed by present unreal conditionals (40.23%) and future probable conditionals (25.69%). These findings indicate that conditional sentences, especially past unreal conditionals, remain challenging for vocational high school students
Upaya Meningkatkan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini Melalui Kegiatan Bermain Bola di TK MONICA Binjai
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan melempar dan menangkap bola terhadap kemampuan motorik kasar anak di TK Monica, Binjai Timur. Penelitian ini berfokus pada peningkatan kemampuan anak dalam menggunakan otot-otot besar, seperti berjalan, berlari, melompat, keseimbangan, kekuatan, dan kelenturan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah anak usia dini di TK Monica. Kegiatan pembelajaran dilaksanakan melalui permainan melempar dan menangkap bola yang dirancang secara terstruktur untuk menstimulasi perkembangan motorik kasar anak. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi untuk menilai kemampuan motorik kasar anak sebelum tindakan, pada Siklus I, dan Siklus II. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengetahui perubahan dan peningkatan kemampuan fisik anak pada setiap siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan pada kemampuan motorik kasar anak setelah diterapkannya kegiatan permainan bola. Pada observasi awal, sebagian besar anak menunjukkan kemampuan motorik kasar yang rendah. Setelah pelaksanaan Siklus I, anak mulai menunjukkan peningkatan dalam koordinasi, keseimbangan, dan kekuatan otot, meskipun beberapa anak masih memerlukan bimbingan. Pada Siklus II, sebagian besar anak mencapai kategori baik hingga sangat baik dalam perkembangan motorik kasar, yang ditunjukkan melalui peningkatan keseimbangan, kekuatan, kelenturan, dan koordinasi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa permainan melempar dan menangkap bola efektif dalam meningkatkan perkembangan motorik kasar anak usia dini. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan ini dapat direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu alternatif strategi pembelajaran untuk mendukung perkembangan fisik anak di lingkungan taman kanak-kanak
Efektivitas Metode Fonik dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Membaca pada Anak Usia Dini: Studi Kasus di Taman Kanak-Kanak Kota Surabaya
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik kesulitan membaca pada siswa taman kanak-kanak serta mengevaluasi efektivitas metode fonik sebagai bentuk intervensi awal. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus terhadap seorang siswa taman kanak-kanak yang mengalami kesulitan membaca. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara dengan guru, observasi kegiatan belajar, serta asesmen psikologis menggunakan Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) dan Tes Frostig. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan mengintegrasikan temuan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek memiliki kapasitas intelektual verbal pada kategori rata-rata, namun mengalami hambatan signifikan pada kemampuan performa non-verbal dan persepsi visual yang berada di bawah usia kronologis. Hambatan tersebut berdampak pada kesulitan mengenal dan membedakan huruf, serta membaca suku kata dan kata sederhana. Implementasi metode fonik menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan pengenalan huruf, bunyi huruf, dan kemampuan mengeja suku kata sederhana. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa metode fonik efektif sebagai intervensi awal untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan pada anak taman kanak-kanak dengan kesulitan membaca, meskipun masih diperlukan dukungan visual dan pendampingan berkelanjutan untuk mencapai kemandirian membaca
The Effect of Story-Based Learning Media on the Formation of Honest Character in Children at SDN Geredug 1
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of storybased learning tools in promoting positive character development among elementary school students Honesty is a crucial component that molds human character. This study uses a qualitative descriptive methodology to describe the process of establishing the character value of honesty. The study's subjects were eighteen first-graders from Geredug 1 Public Elementary School in Bojong District, Pandeglang Regency. Data was gathered during the learning process through observation, interviews, and documentation. Stories were the main means of teaching the principle of honesty since they may simultaneously effect students' cognitive, emotive, and psychomotor abilities. The findings demonstrated that telling stories to kids can improve their comprehension and knowledge of the need of honesty. Pupils were more inclined to speak truthfully, own up to their mistakes, and exhibit consistent behavior in both words and deeds. As a result, stories can be utilized as an educational substitute to enhance character education in primary schools, especially when it comes to teaching kids the need of honesty at a young age
Development and Validation of a Web Server-Based Internet of Things (IoT) Trainer for Practical Learning in Higher Education
No full textThe rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has significantly influenced engineering and computer technology education, particularly in laboratory-based practical learning. However, many higher education institutions still face limitations in providing integrated IoT laboratory facilities, causing learning to rely on simulations or fragmented hardware modules that do not adequately represent real-world IoT system integration. This study aims to develop and validate a web server-based IoT trainer to support practical learning in higher education. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach consisting of six stages: needs analysis, prototype design, product development, expert validation and limited trials, product revision, and dissemination. The developed trainer integrates an ESP32 microcontroller with multiple sensors and actuators, enabling real-time monitoring and control through an embedded web server. Data were collected through functional testing, system performance testing, and expert validation involving six experts in media, content, and instructional design. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and percentage-based feasibility calculations. The results indicate that all hardware components operated with error rates below 5% and response times under 250 ms. The web server system achieved an average response time of 648.1 ms with an error rate of 0%, indicating high reliability. Expert validation showed very high feasibility across all aspects, including programming (99.2%), content relevance (98.8%), and instructional design (100%). These findings demonstrate that the developed IoT trainer is technically reliable, pedagogically appropriate, and suitable for supporting IoT practical learning in higher education
The Use Of Synonyms and Antonyms in K.Rakhmanov’s Dramatic Works
No full textThis study investigates the semantic functions and stylistic significance of synonyms and antonyms in the dramatic works of Karakalpak playwright K.Rakhmanov. Through a detailed lexical-semantic analysis, the paper explores how the author utilizes synonymous and antonymous expressions to enhance character portrayal, intensify dramatic conflict, and enrich the artistic language of his plays. The research identifies various forms of synonymy, including lexical, derivative, and borrowed word pairs, and demonstrates their role in avoiding redundancy and expanding the expressive capacity of the Karakalpak language. Similarly, antonyms—derived from nouns, adjectives, and adverbs—are shown to serve as essential tools for conveying contrast, highlighting thematic oppositions, and constructing dynamic dialogues. The paper also draws on comparative insights from Turkic linguistics and Karakalpak stylistic theory to contextualize Rakhmanov’s linguistic choices within the broader framework of modern Turkic dramaturgy. The findings suggest that the systematic use of semantic contrast not only reflects the lexical richness of the language but also serves as a hallmark of Rakhmanov’s distinctive literary style and cultural engagement. This study contributes to the ongoing exploration of stylistic devices in Turkic literature and affirms the value of lexical-semantic tools in the development of national literary identity
Penggunaan Media Boards Games untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Opini dan tanggapan Siswa kelas V
No full textThis study aims to analyze the effectiveness of board games as an instructional medium in improving fifth-grade elementary students’ opinion and response writing skills. The research is motivated by the low ability of students to develop ideas, construct logical arguments, and organize their writing coherently. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Data were collected from reputable databases, including Google Scholar, DOAJ, SINTA, ERIC, and ProQuest, focusing on publications from 2020 to 2025. Out of 243 identified articles, 30 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed thematically. The analysis focused on the contribution of board games to the development of critical thinking skills, argumentation ability, vocabulary enrichment, learning motivation, and overall writing quality. The findings indicate that board games consistently enhance students’ active engagement through social interaction, discussion, and decision-making processes that support idea construction before being expressed in written form. Furthermore, game-based learning creates an enjoyable classroom atmosphere, which increases students’ confidence and interest in writing activities. Although challenges such as time management and teacher readiness were identified, board games demonstrate significant potential as an innovative instructional medium for strengthening productive literacy skills at the elementary level. Therefore, integrating board games into Indonesian language instruction is recommended as an effective and contextual teaching strateg
Efektivitas Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan dalam Upaya Peningkatan Status Gizi Pada Balita Stunting di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Tanjung Selor
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan (PMT) terhadap peningkatan status gizi balita stunting di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Tanjung Selor. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif analitis dengan menganalisis data sekunder dari UPTD Puskesmas Tanjung Selor periode September-Oktober 2024 terhadap 83 balita stunting. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi antropometri balita (berat badan dan tinggi/panjang badan) pada pemeriksaan awal dan monitoring tahap V, data identitas balita, serta catatan keluhan kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata berat badan sebesar 0,39 kg (dari 9,34 kg menjadi 9,73 kg) dan tinggi/panjang badan sebesar 0,74 cm (dari 82,15 cm menjadi 82,89 cm). Sebanyak 85,5% balita mengalami peningkatan berat badan, 6,0% mengalami penurunan, dan 8,4% memiliki data tidak lengkap. Tidak ditemukan keluhan kesehatan selama periode pemantauan. Pendekatan dual intervention melalui edukasi nutrisi kepada orang tua dan pemberian makanan tambahan secara langsung terbukti efektif dalam mendukung catch-up growth pada balita stunting. Program ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi gizi yang komprehensi
The Impact of the (REACT) Strategy Using Small Groups Style on Attention Intensity and Learning Basic Tennis Skills for Students
No full textThe importance of research lies in reaching the most effective and effective methods and strategies for learners to achieve the best results in the least time and effort, while raising the level of concentration to achieve the desired goal and make playing the game fun. The problem with the research is the answer to the question: Does the REACT strategy contribute to higher attention and learning tennis skills compared to the traditional method? The aim of the research is to identify the effect of the REACT strategy and the strategy followed on the attention acuity and learning of basic tennis skills for students. The researchers used the experimental method according to the design of the two equal groups with pre- and post-tests to suit the nature and problem of the research. The following tests were used to measure the appearance of attention, the transmission accuracy test, and the front and rear ground blow tests. After conducting the scientific basis of the tests, the researchers used the statistical package (SPSS) to process the results statistically and using appropriate statistical methods. After presenting, analyzing and discussing the results, Mal concluded the following: The REACT strategy has a positive and effective role in attention deficit hyperactivity and learning basic tennis skills for the students of the experimental group, the method used has a positive role on attention deficit hyperactivity and learning basic tennis skills for the students of the control group, the experimental group that applied the REACT strategy is superior to the control group that applied the method used in attention acuity and learning basic tennis skills for students
Peningkatan Kemampuan Numerasi Anak Usia Dini Melalui Media Flashcard
No full textKemampuan numerasi merupakan salah satu kemampuan dasar yang perlu dikembangkan sejak anak usia dini karena berperan penting dalam membangun kesiapan belajar matematika pada jenjang pendidikan selanjutnya. Namun, pembelajaran numerasi di lembaga PAUD masih sering dilakukan secara konvensional sehingga kurang menarik dan belum melibatkan anak secara aktif. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada rendahnya pemahaman anak terhadap konsep bilangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media flashcard terhadap peningkatan kemampuan numerasi anak usia dini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain quasi experiment tipe pretest–posttest control group design. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 41 anak kelompok B usia 5–6 tahun yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok eksperimen diberikan pembelajaran numerasi menggunakan media flashcard, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diberikan pembelajaran tanpa penggunaan media flashcard. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi kemampuan numerasi anak yang meliputi kemampuan mengenal angka, menghitung jumlah benda, mencocokkan simbol bilangan, dan mengurutkan bilangan. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan membandingkan hasil pretest dan posttest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan numerasi anak pada kelompok eksperimen mengalami peningkatan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media flashcard efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan numerasi anak usia dini. Oleh karena itu, media flashcard dapat dijadikan alternatif media pembelajaran numerasi yang menyenangkan dan sesuai dengan karakteristik perkembangan anak usia dini